• Title/Summary/Keyword: Pyrolysis Gas

Search Result 418, Processing Time 0.028 seconds

Light Tar Decomposition of Product Pyrolysis Gas from Sewage Sludge in a Gliding Arc Plasma Reformer

  • Lim, Mun-Sup;Chun, Young-Nam
    • Environmental Engineering Research
    • /
    • v.17 no.2
    • /
    • pp.89-94
    • /
    • 2012
  • Pyrolysis/gasification technology utilizes an energy conversion technique from various waste resources, such as biomass, solid waste, sewage sludge, and etc. to generating a syngas (synthesis gas). However, one of the major problems for the pyrolysis gasification is the presence of tar in the product gas. The tar produced might cause damages and operating problems on the facility. In this study, a gliding arc plasma reformer was developed to solve the previously acknowledged issues. An experiment was conducted using surrogate benzene and naphthalene, which are generated during the pyrolysis and/or gasification, as the representative tar substance. To identify the characteristics of the influential parameters of tar decomposition, tests were performed on the steam feed amount (steam/carbon ratio), input discharge power (specific energy input, SEI), total feed gas amount and the input tar concentration. In benzene, the optimal operating conditions of the gliding arc plasma 2 in steam to carbon (S/C) ratio, 0.98 $kWh/m^3$ in SEI, 14 L/min in total gas feed rate and 3.6% in benzene concentration. In naphthalene, 2.5 in S/C ratio, 1 $kWh/m^3$ in SEI, 18.4 L/min in total gas feed rate and 1% in naphthalene concentration. The benzene decomposition efficiency was 95%, and the energy efficiency was 120 g/kWh. The naphthalene decomposition efficiency was 79%, and the energy yield was 68 g/kWh.

Combustion Characteristics of Synthetic Gas from Flame Pyrolysis Gasification of Polymetric Wastes and their Applicability to Gas Engine System (합성고분자류 폐기물의 화염열분해 가스화에 의한 발생가스의 연소특성 및 가스엔진시스템에의 적용연구)

  • Kim, Tae Kwon;Jang, Jun Young;Shim, Sung Hoon;Kim, Jeung Bea;Kim, Byung Ha
    • Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
    • /
    • v.10 no.4
    • /
    • pp.233-243
    • /
    • 1999
  • Combustion characteristics of synthetic gas from flame pyrolysis gasification of polymetric wastes are reported and the applicability of synthetic gas from flame pyrolysis gasification to a gas engine system is presented. Engine power is easily predicted by the volume percentage of the synthetic gas. Measurements have been made to obtain the range of flame existence in the function of volume percentage of CO and $H_2$ gases in the synthetic gas. In order to clarify the emission of the flames, NOx measurements by chemiluminescent analyser are taken in flames with different equivalent ratios. From the results of the engine performance data we also have demonstrated that the output of the gas engine modified from a LPG engine is about 5 ps at normal rating. We conclude that synthetic gas from flame pyrolysis gasification of polymetric wastes is applicable to a gas engine system.

  • PDF

The Product properties of Bituminous Coal in Two-Stage Pyrolysis (유연탄의 이단 열분해에 따른 생성물의 특성)

  • 송광섭;이상남;윤형기;김상돈
    • Journal of Energy Engineering
    • /
    • v.2 no.2
    • /
    • pp.208-214
    • /
    • 1993
  • Pyrolysis of bituminous coal has been carried out in a two-stage fixed bed reactor to produce high heating value gas(7000 kcal/N㎥) for industrial or town gas usage. The effects of coke catalyst, pyrolysis temperature (468∼565$^{\circ}C$), and catalytic cracking temperature (700∼850$^{\circ}C$) on the product gas properties from pyrolysis of bituminous coal have been determined. From pyrolysis of Dong Jin coal with coke, the carbon deposition on catalyst is found to be less than 5% of product tar and approximately 15% of total energy iii the parent coal can be recovered as high heating value gas. Oil composition in the product tar from the two-stage pyrolysis is higher than that from low-temperature pyrolysis. The tar produced from pyrolysis below 516$^{\circ}C$ can be easily catalytically cracked but, the tar produced above 565$^{\circ}C$ cannot be cracked easily with catalyst. From the product gas analysis, the catalytic cracking temperature should be maintained below 800$^{\circ}C$ since cracking speed of ethylene increases remarkably with the cracking temperature above 800$^{\circ}C$.

  • PDF

Direct Preparation of fine Powders of Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis (초음파 분무열분해에 의한 Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O의 미분체 제조)

  • 주명희;박도순;김윤수
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
    • /
    • v.28 no.5
    • /
    • pp.353-358
    • /
    • 1991
  • Fine powders of the 2212 superconducting phase of bismuth system have been prepared directly from solution using ultrasonic spray pyrolysis. The fine superconducting powders produced by pyrolysis were characterized for the size, shape, and crystalline phase by SEM and XRD. The pyrolysis temperature, flow rate of the carrier gas, residence time of the droplets greatly influenced the size, shape, and crystalline phase. The optimum temperature and flow rate of the carrier gas for the preparation of fine powders of the 2212 superconduting phase were found to be 830$^{\circ}C$and 3ι/min, respectively.

  • PDF

Combustion Characteristics of RDF in a 30kg/hr Scale Pyrolysis Melting Incinerator (30kg/hr급 열분해 용융소각로용 연소실에서 RDF의 연소 특성)

  • Jeon, Byoung-Il;Park, Sang-Uk;Shin, Dong-Hun;Ryu, Tae-Woo;Hwang, Jung-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
    • /
    • v.10 no.1
    • /
    • pp.27-36
    • /
    • 2005
  • In this study, we investigated characteristics of a gas flow and a combustion property during the combustion of a RDF in a pyrolysis melting incinerator with disposal rate of 30 kg/hr. The RDF was pyrolyzed through the pyrolysis chamber at $600^{\circ}C$ of the chamber surface without oxygen condition. The pyrolysis gas was injected in the combustion chamber. It was burned by means of the staged combustion that was injecting secondary and tertiary air in the combustor. We measured the temperatures and the gas components in the combustion chamber while maintaining the air-fuel ratio of 1.3. Finally, we confirm that additional air injection, secondary and tertiary air ratio, was the most important factor to reduce NOx.

  • PDF

Operating Characteristics of Pilot Scale Multi-Staged Waste Pyrolysis & Gasification System (파일럿 규모의 폐기물 다단열분해 가스화시스템의 운전특성)

  • Lee, Jeong-Woo;Yu, Tae-U;Bang, Byeong-Ryeol;Moon, Ji-Hong;Lee, Jae-Uk;Park, Sang-Shin;Kim, Nack-Joo
    • 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 2009.11a
    • /
    • pp.331-335
    • /
    • 2009
  • A novel multi-staged waste pyrolysis & gasification system of pilot scale (~1 ton/day) is designed and constructed in Korea Institute of Industrial Technology. The pyrolysis & gasification system is composed of pyrolysis & gasification system, syngas reformer, syngas cleaning system, gas engine power generation system and co-combustion system. For each unit process, experimental approaches have been conducted to find optimal design and operating conditions. As a result, We can produce syngas with a calorific value of ~4000 kcal/$Nm^3$ and cold gas efficiency of the system is more than 55 % in case of waste plastic and oxygen as a gasifying agent.

  • PDF

Fire and Explosion Hazards and Safety Management Measures of Waste Plastic-to-Pyrolysis Oil Conversion Process (폐플라스틱 열분해 유화 공정의 화재·폭발 위험성 및 안전관리 방안)

  • Dong-Hyun Seo;Yi-Rac Choi;Jin-Ho Lim;Ou-Sup Han
    • New & Renewable Energy
    • /
    • v.19 no.3
    • /
    • pp.22-33
    • /
    • 2023
  • The number of fire and explosion accidents caused by pyrolysis oil and gas at waste plastic pyrolysis plants is increasing, but accident status and safety conditions have not been clearly identified. Therefore, the aim of the study was to identify the risks of the waste plastic pyrolysis process and suggest appropriate safety management measures. We collected information on 19 cases of fire and explosion accidents that occurred between 2010 and 2021 at 26 waste plastic pyrolysis plants using the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA) database and media reports. The mechanical, managerial, personnel-related, and environmental problems within a plant and problems related to government agencies and the design, manufacturing, and installation companies involved with pyrolysis equipment were analyzed using the 4Ms of Machines, Management, Man, and Media, as well as the System-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes (STAMP) methodology for seven accident cases with accident investigation reports. Study findings indicate the need for establishing legal and institutional support measures for waste plastic pyrolysis plants in order to prevent fire and explosion accidents in the pyrolysis process. In addition, ensuring safety from the design and manufacturing stages of facilities is essential, as are measures that ensure systematic operations after the installation of safety devices.

Coal pyrolysis behaviors at supercritical CO2 conditions

  • Hakduck Kim;Jeongmin Choi;Heechang Lim;Juhun Song
    • Advances in Energy Research
    • /
    • v.8 no.4
    • /
    • pp.265-273
    • /
    • 2022
  • In this study, a product gas yield and carbon conversion were measured during the coal pyrolysis. The pyrolysis process occurred under two different atmospheres such as subcritical (45 bar, 10℃) and supercritical CO2 condition (80 bar, 35℃). Under the same pressure (80 bar), the atmosphere temperature increased from 35℃ to 45℃ to further examine temperature effect on the pyrolysis at supercritical CO2 condition. For all three cases, a power input supplied to heating wire placed below coal bed was controlled to make coal bed temperature constant. The phase change of CO2 atmosphere and subsequent pyrolysis behaviors of coal bed were observed using high-resolution camcorder. The pressure and temperature in the reactor were controlled by a CO2 pump and heater. Then, the coal bed was heated by wire heater to proceed the pyrolysis under supercritical CO2 condition.

Study on Analysis of Vulcanized Rubber by Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography(I) (Vulcanizates of NR BR and SBR) (Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography를 이용한 가황 고무의 열분석에 관한연구(I) (NR, BR 및 SBR의 가황체))

  • Huh, D.S.;Kim, J.S.;Kim, K.J.;Ahn, B.K.;Suh, S.K.;Han, O.K.
    • Elastomers and Composites
    • /
    • v.22 no.1
    • /
    • pp.11-19
    • /
    • 1987
  • A coil pyrolyzer and processor-controlled gas chromatograph were used for analysis of rubber for compounding ratio of the single and blend rubber vlucanizates. Variables such as sample size, pyrolysis temperature, time allowed for pyrolysis, the column packing material, its length and programmable temperature for gas chromatography were examined to obtain optimum condition for application to NR, BR and SBR blends. By application fixed conditions, three kinds of standard curves were finally obtained from thirty samples of blend vulcanizates which were prepared in the pilot plant, NIRI. It is possible to determine rubber composition and their ratio in NR, BR and SBR products by pyrolysis.

  • PDF