• Journal of Aquaculture
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.159-166
• /
• 1996

A feeding experiment was conducted using juvenile Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) to evaluate supplemental vitamin premix in a test diet containing fish meal as protein source for nutritional study. Four vitamin premixes were prepared by adjusting different quantity and combination of vitamins. Each vitamin premix contained (mg/kg diet) : premix-1 : ascorbic acid, 2666 ; a-tocopheryl acetate, 417 ; thiamin, 60 ; riboflavin, 200 ; pyridoxine, 40 ; niacin, 800 ; Ca-D-pantothenate, 280 ; myo-inositol, 4000 ; D-biotin, 6 ; folic acid, 15 ; p-amino-benjoic acid, 400 ; mennadione, 40 ; A, 16 ; $D_3$, 0.1 ; choline chloride, 8000 ; cyanocobalamin, 0.09 ; premix-2 : ascorbic acid, 270 ; a-tocopheryl acetate, 189 ; thiamin, 13.5 ; riboflavin,, 27 ; pyridoxine, 13.5 ; niacin, 135 ; Ca-D-pantothenate, 135 ; myo-inositol, 135 ; D-biotin, 1. 4 : folic acid, 4.9 ; mennadione, 5.4 : A, 5.4 ; $D_3$, 2.2 ; choline chloride, 3000 ; cyanocobalamin, 0.05 ; premix-3 : ascorbic acid, 570 ; a-tocopheryl acetate, 107 ; thiamin, 20 ; riboflavin, 14.3 ; pyridoxine, 14.3 ; niacin, 71,3 ; Ca-D-pantothenate, 57 ; myo-inositol, 456 ; D-biotin, 0.7 ; folic acid, 2.9 ; p-aminobenjoic acid, 285 ; mennadione, 5.7 ; A, 5.7 ; $D_3$, 1.1 ; choline chloride, 1500 ; cyanocobalamin, 0.03 ; premix-4 : ascorbic acid, 190 : a-tocopheryl acetate, 36 ; thiamin, 6.7 ; riboflavin, 4.8 ; pyridoxine, 4.8 ; niacin, 23.8 ; Ca-D-pantothenate, 19 ; myo-inositol, 152 ; D-biotin,0.2 ; folic acid, 1 ; p-aminobenjoic acid, 95 ; mennadione, 1.9 ; A, 1.9 ; $D_3$, 0.4 ; choline chloride, 500 ; cyanocobalamin, 0.01. Triplicate groups of the 50 fish averaging 4.25 g were fed one of four isoproteic ($47\%$) and isolipidic ($9\%$) experimental diets to satiation twice a day for 10 weeks. Weight gain, feed efficiency and protein retention in fish fed the diet with vitamin premix-1 were significantly higher than those in fish fed the other diets (P<0.05). Moisture, protein and lipid contents of muscle and whole body were not affected by different dietary vitamin premix (P>0,05). These results indicate that premix-1 can be used to adequate supplemental vitamin premix in test diet containing fish meal as protein source for juvenile Korean rockfish.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.25-28
• /
• 1994

The previous vitamin assays in soft capsules have been performed only with capsule contents. Since some vitamins, however, could migrate into gelatin layer of the soft capsules, each vitamin of multivitamin soft capsules in the market was analyzed simultaneously in both capsule content and gelatin layer. The results showed that migrations of nicotinamide and pyridoxine hydrochloride into gelatin layer were pronounced, while those of other vitamins were negligible.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.58-62
• /
• 1972

The stabillities of taurine, niacinamide, and pyridoxine hydrochloride under exposure to ultra violet radiation in liquid preparations were studied. And sterilization effects for E. coli in both water and liquid preparations were also comparatively evaluated. The above mentioned organic compounds were stable under this experimental conditions and viable count of E. coli reveals that organic compounds dissolved in solution display protective action for microorganisms under UV-irradiation.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 1967

The environmental effects on radio-sensitivities of Lactobacillus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were studied; Liquid suspensions of Lactobacillus and yeast were gamma-irradiated under various conditions; temperatures, hydrogen ion concentrations, amino acids and vitamins were treated seperately with variations of concentrations. (shown in figures) It is found that simultaneous heat treatment is effective to sterilize microorganisms than pre after treatment, and concentration of hydrogen ion does not affect the lethalty of yeast but or Lactobacilli was affect at the range of pH. 5.0 to 7.0. Ascorbic acid, thiamin and pyridoxine were protective dependently against lethal action of gamma-ray and its protective effects increase with the increasings of concentrations. Glutamic acid, aspartic acid, tyrosine and phenylalanine were proved to be protective for both strains at 0.1 between 1.0 percent. It can be suggested that industrial sterilizing doses of irradiation by gamma-ray for food should be applied more than those dose of saline or buffer suspension, because natural food stuffs are rich of vitamins and amino acids.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.363-368
• /
• 1991

PVA degrading bacteria were isolated from water system, and identified as Pseudomonas cepacia and Pseudmonas pseudomallei, which were named as Pseudomonas sp. G5Y and Pseudomonas sp. PW. It was found out that those two kinds of bacteria have a symbiotic relationship to degrade PVA. For the mixed culture of these bacteria, the optimal conditions of pH, temperature, nitrogen source, and polymerization degree of PVA were found to be 7.5, $35^{\circ}C$, ammonium sulfate, and 500, respectively. Also, the growth of these bacteria was promoted by trace elements such as vitamin B1, B12, pyridoxine, and p-aminobenzoate, respectively. The specific growth rate of mixed bacteria was inhibited when the concentration of PVA was more than 20g/l. The substrate inhibition kinetics of the mixed culture was $${\mu}=\frac{0.065S}{2.56+S+(S^2/156}hr^{-1}$

• Journal of Industrial Technology
• /
• v.1
• /
• pp.61-66
• /
• 1981

In order to use as a starter after drying, optimum growth conditions of Str. thermophilus and L. bulgaricus were investigated. The results were as follows. The growth of Str. thermophilus was reached at stationary phase after 12 hours incubation and L. bulgaricus was after 6 hours. Str. thermophilus was grown well, in the medium containing 10% of skim milk, 2% of sucrose, 0.1% of KCl and 0.015% (v./v.) of soy-sauce. In the case of L. bulgaricus, 10% of skim milk, 2% of glucose, 0.5% of bacto-peptone, 0.1% of $K_2HPO_4$ and 0.02% of pyridoxine was suitable for the maximum growth.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.26 no.3 s.86
• /
• pp.361-364
• /
• 1998

Among the organic sources of nitrogen tested, yeast extract and soytone were excellent for the mycelial growth of Tricholoma matsutake DGUM 26001. The mycelial growth was enhanced, when yeast extract at the concentration up to 1.0% was added to the starchpyridoxine medium. After 30-day cultivation of the mycelia at $24^{\circ}C$ in the medium supplemented with yeast extract, 518 mg/50 ml of dry mycelia could be harvested.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.151-155
• /
• 1982

Effects of vitamins, metabolic intermediates and several inorganic mineral salts on the biomass and lipid accumulation of Mucor plumbeus were investigated after 15 days of incubation at $37^{\circ}C$ under static culture condition. The optimum concentrations of various vitamins were ${\gamma}/l$ for biotin, and 0.01 g/l for nicotinic acid, pyridoxine, thiamine and riboflavin. Among them pyridoxine was the most stimulatory. The maximum felt weight and lipid content per 50ml medium were $2.82{\pm}0.14\;g$ and 62.8%. Triglyceride content of neutral lipid produced under this condition was 64.9%. The major fatty acids were oleic acid (50.0%), linoleic (23.8%) and palmitic acid (13.9%). Malonic acid was considered not to be desirable even though it stimulated the biomass and lipid accumulation because triglyceride content was lowered considerably comparing with control. $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ was the most stimulatory among the various magnesium salts and its optimum concentration was 5 g/l. Mucor plumbeus did not require $NaH_2PO_4$ for the stimulation of felt and lipid production. However, the addition of $MnCl_2$ at the concentration of 2 g/l was stimulatory to show $2.76{\pm}0.28\;g$ of felt/50 ml and 56.4% lipid content, and 73.9% triglyceride in the neutral lipid.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.5-13
• /
• 1983

This experiment was carried out to elucidate the thermotolerant properties of a thermophilic bacterium which isolated from soils of the hot springs area and selected for the $\beta$-galactosidase production. Biochemical and physiological characteristics of this strain were studied, including the investigation on the fatty acid composition for its neutral fats. The results obtained were summarized as follows. 1. This bacterium was identified as a strain belong to the genus Thermus. 2. Optimal temperature and pH for growth of this strain were $65^{\circ}C$ and pH 6.5 respectively, and it was found to be an absolute thermophilic bacterium which could not grow at 37$^{\circ}C$. 3. No growth was obtained in the medium which contained more than 1.0% of sodium chloride. 4. The tolerable concentration of antobiotics were 10$\mu\textrm{g}$ of penicillin G per $m\ell$ of medium and 0.5$\mu\textrm{g}$ of chloramphenicol per $m\ell$ respectively 5. This strain had autotrophilic requirements for calcium-pantothenate and pyridoxine-HCO as an-essential factor and for niacin as a stimulative factor. 6. Fatty acid composition of neutral fats of the strain was palmitic acid. 60.20%; lauric acid, 11.8%; myristic acid, 7.56%, behenic acid, 4.25%; capric acid, 1.77%; stearic acid, 2.13%; arachidic acid, 1.53%; and others unidentified, 10.7%.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.145-152
• /
• 1994

In order to investigate the cultural characteristics of Lentinus lepideus, media, pH, carbon sources, nitrogen sources, vitamin and organic acids were tested in submerged culture. It grew well in GPB(broth), and the optimum temperature and pH was $25^{\circ}C$ and 4.2, respectively. The carbon sources such as galactose belong to monosaccharide and maltose belong to disaccharide were effective for mycelial growth. Peptone which is compound nitrogen source was good for mycelial yield but the other nitrogen sources were not effective. Among the various vitamins, pyridoxine is suitable for mycelial yield. Among the various organic acids, citric acid promoted the mycelial yield but acetic acid interrupted the mycelial growth of L. lepideus.