• 한국음향학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.333-339
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 벡터 양자화기와 피라미드 벡터 양자화기를 직렬로 결합하여 16차 벡터 소스에 대한 vector quantizer-pyramid vector quantizer (VQ-PVQ)를 개발하였으며, 예측 구조와 세이프티-넷 (safety-net) 개념을 결합시켜 광대역 음성 부호화기용 LPC 계수 양자화 기를 설계하였다. 본 양자화기의 성능은 AMR-WB(ITRT-T G.722.2)의 LPC양자화기 성능과 비교하였는데, 스펙트럼 왜곡 및 메모리 요구량에서 상당한 이득을 얻었다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.1227-1237
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• 1989

In this paper, we propose a lossless progressive image transmission scheme using hierarchical pyramid structure and classified vector quantizer in DCT domain. By adopting DCT to the hierarchical pyramid signals, we can reduce the spatial redundance. Moreover, the DCT coefficients can be encoded efficiently by using classified vector quantizer in DCT domain. The classifier is simply based on the variance of a subblock. Also, the mirror set of training set of images can improve the robustness of codebooks. Progressive image transmission can be achieved through following processes: from top to bottom level of planes in a pyramid, and from high to low AC variance class in a plane. Some simulation results with real images show that the proposed coding scheme yields a good performance at below 0.3 bpp and an excellent result at 0.409 bpp. The proposed coding scheme is well suited for lossless progressive image transmission as well as image data compression.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.550-558
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• 1988

This paper presents laplacian pyramid vector quantization (LPVQ) approach in which a vector quantizer is used to encode a series of quasi-bandpassed images generated by the laplacian pyramid processing. Performance of the LPVQ is compared to those of DCT domain methods at the same bit rate via computer simulations. Experimental results show that the PSNR's (peak signal-to-noise ratio) for the LPVQ are almost the same as those of the DCT based methods. However, subjective study indicates the LPVQ obtains slightly higher scores than the DCT based techniques.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 고품질 음성 서비스를 가능하게 하는 광대역 음성 부호화기의 선 스펙트럼 주파수 (line spectral frequency: ISF) 계수 양자화기를 설계하였다. 광대역 음성 부호화기를 위한 효율적인 LSF 계수 양자화기를 설계하기 위하여, 인접 프레임간의 상관도를 이용하였으며, 각 해당 프레임의 ISF 계수에 대한 양자화를 인접 프레임간 상관도가 높은 프레임과 상관도가 낮은 프레임으로 나누어 독립적으로 수행하였다. 인접 프레임간 상관도가 높은 프레임의 LSF계수 양자화를 위하여 예측 피라미드형 벡터 양자화기 (predictive pyramid vector quantizer: PPVQ)를 사용하여 양자화하였고, 상관도가 낮은 프레임의 LSF 계수는 피라미드형 벡터 양자화기 (PVQ)를 사용하여 양자화 하였다. PPVQ에서 예측기로 1차 AR 예측기를 사용하였다. 광대역 음성 부호화기를 위해 본 논문에서 설계된 UF 계수양자화기를 평균스펙트럼 왜곡(spectral distortion: SD) 성능 관점에서 실험한 결과, LSF계수 양자화에 할당된 비트가 프레임당 40비트일 때, 평균 SD값이 1 dB 내외이고, 2 dB 이상 및 4 dB 이상 outlier가 각각 3.87%및 0.01%인 transparent한 성능을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제26권10호
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• pp.1561-1570
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• 1989

In this paper, we propose an image coding scheme which combines the Laplacian pyramid structure and a hierarchical finite state classified vector quantizer in the DCT domain, namely FSDCT-CTQ. First, an optimal bit allocation problem for fixed rates DCT-CVQ on the Laplacian pyramid structure is described. In an asymptotic case, with an optimal bit allocation, a coding gain over scalar quantization of each Laplacian plane is derived. Second, it is experimentallhy shown that the Laplacian pyramid structure provides a considerable codng gain in the sense of total MMSE (minimum mean squared error). Finally, we propose an FS-DCT-CVQ which exploits the hierarchicla correlation between the Laplacian planes. Simulation results on real images show that the proposed coding scheme can reconstruct an image with 30.33 dB at 0.192 bpp, 32.45 dB at 0.385 bpp, respectively.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제31B권4호
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• pp.88-96
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• 1994

In this paper, we propose a subband pyramid image coding scheme that uses ECVQ (ntropy Constrained Vector Quantizer). In subband pyramid image coding, each subband can be encoded with a coder matched to the statistics of that particular subband, and available versions of the original image at different resolution are easily obtained. ECVQ, aiming at the minimization of the distortion for a fixed entropy of the quantizer output, is well combined with the subband pyramid image coding which yields high compression ratio and good image quality. The optimum bit allocation to each subbands corresponds to the points where the individual distortion rate curves are of particular slope, weighted to the number of samples in that subband, in designing ECVQ.