• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.1553-1555
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• 1999

Recently, $SrBi_2Ta_2O_9$(SBT) and $Pb(ZrTi)O_3$(PZT) were much attracted as materials of capacitor for ferroelectric random access memory(FRAM) showing higher read/write speed, lower power consumption and nonvolartility. Bi-layered SBT thin film has appeared as the most prominent fatigue free and low operation voltage for use in nonvolatile memory. To highly integrate FRAM, SBT thin film should be etched. A lot of papers on SBT thin film and its characteristics have been studied. However, there are few reports about SBT thin film due to difficulty of etching. In order to investigate properties of etching of SBT thin film, SBT thin film was etched in $CF_4$/Ar gas plasma using magnetically enhanced inductively coupled plasma (MEICP) system. When $CF_4/(CF_4+Ar)$ is 0.1, etch rate of SBT thin film was $3300{\AA}/min$, and etch rate of Pt was $2495{\AA}/min$. Selectivities of SBT to Pt. $SiO_2$ and photoresist(PR) were 1.35, 0.6 and 0.89, respectively. With increasing $CF_4$ gas, etch rate of SBT thin film and $P_t$ decreased.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.27-33
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• 1989

Six cases of ovarian fibrous stromal neoplasm were studied clinically, light microscopically and ultrastructurally for the clinico-pathological evidences of hormone production. Of the six cases, two cases were fibroma, three cases were fibrothecoma, and one case was thecoma. Two cases of fibroma and one fibrothecoma were associated with clinical history of menstrual abnormality, however fat staining of the tumor was negative or weakly positive. Two cases of fibrothecoma and one thecoma were negative for the clinical history of hormone imbalance. Fat stain of those cases revealed positive in varying intensity. Ultrastructural examination of fibroma-thecoma group revealed dark and pale cells by their nuclear characteristics. The dark cells had indented nucleus and abundant cytoplasmic organelles of rough ER, Golgi apparatus and mitochondria. Intracytoplasmic cisternal spaces were seen in the dark cell cytoplasm and some lipid droplets were seen around the cisternae. Pale cells had pale swollen nucleus and fine chromatins. Their cytoplasm showed scanty amount of organelles. Fibroma-thecoma spectrum showed varying degree of population of dark cells, light cells and intervening collagenous stroma. Lipid droplet was structurally associated with intracytoplasmic cisterna and they were frequently seen in thecoma and two of the fibrothecoma. But clinical history of hormone imbalance was poorly related to the light microscopic morphology and ultrastructural organization.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.293-309
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to analyze the kinematic variables of the right-straight punch(RSP) in boxing with three-dimensional analysis technical methods. The subjects are boxers who have been playing in national boxing representative team and the RSP is their special favorite technique, The right-straight punches were filmed on 16mm video cameras(30frames/sec.) The kinematic variables were temporal, postural and center of gravity(COG). The mean and the standard deviation of variables have been obtained and used as basic factors for examining characteristics of the RSP by out-boxers. From the data analysis and discussion, the following conclusions have been drawn. 1) Temporal variables It is a significant characteristic that LDJ and KDM s' the amount of elapsed time(EF) needed for both an attack and a defense were similar : ET for stretch-out of attack-arm was $0.52{\pm}0.04\;sec$. and return was $0.54{\pm}0.01\;sec$. Therefore, a defense motion is as important as an attack motion. 2) Posture variables When the subjects performed a RSP, the significant characteristic of the ankle angle was that it wasn't completely returned to the original position after stretching-out. Therefore it is necessary to do supplementary exercises, such as side steps, to move the center of gravity more effectively. The hee angle was not fully stretched either. In regard to the hip angle, it should be rotated with all strength to harmonize with the direction of movement. 3) Center of Gravity(COG) variables When both LDJ and KDM performed a RSP, a significant characteristic was the transformation of sagittal view rather than transverse or frontal views.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.95-102
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• 1988

수도권과 농어촌 주부들 677명을 대상으로 하여 선호식물을 조사한 결과와 이 결과에 따른 수도권과 농어촌간의 상관관계는 다음과 같다. 수도권과 농어촌 주부들 간에 가장 선호하는 주식은 밥류중 쌀밥이었고, 국수류중 냉면이었으며, 부식은 쇠고기국, 된장찌개, 갈비구이, 쇠고기, 깻잎장아찌, 새우튀김, 배추김치 등이었으며, 음료는 수정과, 차류는 코피, 과자류는 약과, 건강식품류중에서는 인삼이었다. 수도권과 농어촌 주부들 간에 장아찌류는 완전상관 관계에 있는 반면, 빵류, 과실류, 나물류 그리고 탕류 등은 역상관계에 있었다. 그외 차류, 건상식품류, 볶음류, 과자류, 국수류, 찜류, 튀김류, 밥류, 김치류, 떡류, 조림류 및 음료류는 대체로 선호식품에 대하여 상관관계가 있었다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.40-44
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• 2010

North Korea's discharge of water from a dam into the Imjin River that flows through the inter-Korean border swept away a riverside camping site early Sunday morning, killing six people. This tragic incident might have been prevented if the North had given prior notice of the release from its Hwanggang Dam to the South. Investigations are under way to determine the reasons behind the unexpected act. This incident was a man-made disaster not least death of six people. A water level monitoring system(WLMS) of the Imjin River was installed the bridge of Pilseung that operate three public institutions. The WLMS of the A institution set up warning siren and broadcasting as the water level has been rising the bridge of Pilseung in the Imjin River. But the A institution's system was already out of side before discharged of water a dam into the Imjin River and the operators were culpable negligence. The B institution's office employee on charges of negligence that might have contributed to the tragedy and one of the A institution's employees ignored 26 warning messages on the WLMS. This tragic incident was a man-made disaster not least death of six people and might have been prevented if the WLMS was normally operated and the system operators must be worked a tight.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 경기도 용인시 기흥구 구갈동(구갈역세권)과 보라구역, 중동구역 일대를 중심으로 개발계획, 개발잠재력, 입지여건과 아울러 녹색 및 재해예방 인프라에 대한 4가지 측면을 고려하여 대상지의 투자가치 평가를 통한 전략적 도시관리 방안을 연구하였다. 방법론 측면에서는 평가항목간의 상관관계를 고려할수 있는 네트워크 분석적 의사결정법을 통하여 판단해보고자 하였다. 분석 결과 개발계획에서는 개발용도, 키테넌트, 자금조달, 마케팅순으로, 개발잠재력에서는 시장성, 정체성, 역사성 순으로, 입지여건에서는 토지이용, 주변환경, 교통환경순으로, 마지막으로 녹색 및 재해예방인프라에서는 자연재해예방, 인적재해예방, 사회적 재해예방순으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 도시개발사업 추진하는데 있어 합리적인 사전 평가방안으로 활용할 수 있을 것이라 본다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.499-508
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 이중 대역 송신시스템에서 비선형 전력증폭기를 선형화하기 위한 새로운 디지털 전치왜곡 기법을 제안한다. 기존의 시스템에서는 자기 대역의 비선형뿐만 아니라 타 대역간의 비선형을 보상하기 위해 두 개의 피드백 경로가 요구되는데 이는 하드웨어의 복잡도와 비용을 증가시킨다. 반면 제안하는 전치왜곡 시스템은 한 개의 피드백 경로만을 사용한다. 따라서 기존 시스템에 비해 훨씬 간단한 구조를 가진다. 제안하는 기법은 전치왜곡 계수를 얻기 위해서 한 개의 피드백 경로를 공유하여 두 대역의 전력증폭기 특성을 먼저 추정하고 추정된 전력증폭기 특성으로부터 전치왜곡 계수를 얻는다. 컴퓨터 모의실험 결과에 따르면 제안된 방식은 두 개의 피드백 회로를 구성한 기존 방식과 대등한 선형화 성능을 보인다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 반도체재료
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• pp.67-70
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• 2001

$SrBi_2Ta_2O_9$ thin films were etched at high-density $Cl_2/CF_4/Ar$ in inductively coupled plasma system. The chemical reactions on the etched surface were studied with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry. The etching of SBT thin films in $Cl_2/CF_4/Ar$ were chemically assisted reactive ion etching. The maximum etch rate was 1060 Am /min in $Cl_2$(20)/CF_4(20)/Ar(80). The small addition of $Cl_2$ into $CF_4$(20)/Ar(80) plasma will decrease the fluorine radicals and the increase CI radical. The etch profile of SBT thin films in $Cl_2/CF_4/Ar$ plasma is steeper than in $CF_4$/Ar plasma.Ā저會Ā저ﶖ⨀⡌ឫഀĀ᐀會Ā᐀㡆ﶖ⨀쁌ឫഀĀ᐀會Ā᐀遆ﶖ⨀郞ග堂瀀ꀏ會Āﶖ⨀〲岒ऀĀ᐀會Ā᐀䁇ﶖ⨀젲岒Ā㰀會Ā㰀顇ﶖ⨀끩Ā㈀會Ā㈀ﶖ⨀䡪Ā᐀會Ā᐀䡈ﶖ⨀Ā᐀會Ā᐀ꁈﶖ⨀硫Ā저會Ā저ﶖ⨀샟ගကĀ저會Ā저偉ﶖ⨀栰岒ఀĀ저會Ā저ꡉﶖ⨀1岒Ā저會Ā저Jﶖ⨀惝ග؀Ā؀會Ā؀塊ﶖ⨀ග㼀Ā切會Ā切끊ﶖ⨀⣟ගఀĀ搀會Ā搀ࡋﶖ⨀큭킢Ā저會Ā저

• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제16C권5호
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• pp.653-660
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• 2009

센서 네트워크 미들웨어는 센서 하드웨어와의 연관을 최소화하고, 어플리케이션 개발을 용이하게 하며, 추상적인 데이터 접근 방법을 제공 하기 위한 연구들로 많은 연구자들에게 관심을 받고 있다. 그러나 기존의 미들웨어는 실행코드를 해석하기 위한 해석기가 모든 노드에 설치되어야 하며, 이는 추가적인 컴퓨팅 및 통신 오버헤드를 야기하였다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 게이트웨이에서 센서 오버레이 네트워크를 이용하여 운용되는 TinyONet-Lite를 제안하였다. TinyONet-Lite에서 가상 센서는 물리적 센서의 가상 대응체로 동작하고, 동적으로 연합하여 오버레이 네트워크인 슬라이스(Slice)를 만들어 미들웨어 서비스를 제공한다. 플랫폼의 효율을 보여주기 위해서 이 논문은 TinyOS를 가진 하드웨어 모트(mote)위에 TinyONet-Lite를 구현했고, 여러 실험을 수행하였다. 실험에 의하면, 기존의 연구와 비교했을 때 TinyONet-Lite는 확장성, 동적서비스 구성이 우수하며, 오버헤드를 줄일 수 있었다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.307-315
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of several thermal therapies using ice pack, moist-hot pack and ultrasound, separately and concomitantly and to obtain the background information on the vascular changes after thermophysical therapies. The author had used 15 healthy subjects were examined and the subjects were divide into 5 groups : ice pack, moist-hot pack, ultrasound, ice pack and moist-hot pack, ice pack and ultrasound. Observation were made immediate before and 0,5,10,20,30,45,60,90 minutes after treatment. Thermography was performed in an Agema 870 thermovisio with 0.1$^{\circ}C$ difference of gradual temperature shift. The results were as follows : 1. Using ice pack only, the surface temperature of the masseter region was increased lapse of time, and most remarkably 90 minutes after the treatment. 2. Using moist-hot pack only, the surface temperature of the region was remarkably increased immediately after the treatment, but decreased lapse of time. 3. Using moist-hot pack with ice pack, the surface temperature of the face was remarkably increased immediately after the treatment, and decreased lapse of time, Hyperthermia was maintained for a longer time as compared with the group of moist-hot pack only. 4. Using ultrasound only, the surface temperature of the region was increased gradually, and most remarkably 30 minutes after the treatment, but decreased in the course of time. 5. Using ultrasound combined with ice pack, the surface temperature of the region was gradually decreased until 30 minutes after the treatment, and decrease to some extend at 45 minute. And then a gradual increase observed over the remaining period of the experiment. 6. Hyperthermia were maintained for a long time in the groups using ice pack combined with moist-hot pack and ultrasound as compared with the other groups. Our data suggest that ice pack can promote the efficacy of other thermal therapies.