• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.219-224
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• 2020

Urea formaldehyde resins are widely used in the manufacturing of wood composite and their usage is always combined with release of formaldehyde characterized to be hazardous to health during and after the manufacturing of the products. This study investigates the effectiveness of wood-based adhesive from oil of pyrolysed Triplochiton scleroxylon sawdust for the production of composite board. The wood-derived Pyrolytic Oil (PyO) was blended with Urea Formaldehyde (UF) resin to formed Pyrolytic Oil-Urea Formaldehyde (PyOUF). The obtained PyOUF called Wood-Based Adhesives at four blends and control (UF) viz; 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 2:1, 1:3 were further employed to prepare the composite board and test for their bonding strength by physical (water absorption-WA and thickness swelling-Th.S) and mechanical properties (modulus of elasticity-MOE, modulus of rupture-MOR, and impact bending-IB). Data obtained was analysed using analysis of variance at α 0.05. The result of analysis of variance conducted on physical properties show significant difference (p≤0.05) between the WA values obtained when testing the different blending proportion of PyOUF and likewise between 2 and 24 h of immersion. PyOUF had significant effect (p≤0.05) on Th. S for 24 h but no significant different (p>0.05) for the 2 h period of soaking. The analysis of variance on mechanical properties of the composite board (MOE, MOR, and IB) show significance differences (p≤0.05) between the strength values obtained when testing the different ratios of PyO with UF. PyO content influenced the properties of the boards and it is evident that PyO can be used in the manufacture of composite board.

• BMB Reports
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.603-611
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• 2004

Fluorescence probes located in different membrane regions were used to evaluate the effects of chlorpromazine HCl on structural parameters (transbilayer lateral mobility, annular lipid fluidity, protein distribution, and lipid bilayer thickness) of synaptosomal plasma membrane vesicles (SPMVs) isolated from bovine cerebral cortex. The experimental procedure was based on the selective quenching of 1,3-di(1-pyrenyl)propane (Py-3-Py) by trinitrophenyl groups, radiationless energy transfer from the tryptophan of membrane proteins to Py-3-Py, and energy transfer from Py-3-Py monomers to 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonic acid (ANS). In this study, chlorpromazine HCl decreased the lateral mobility of Py-3-Py in a concentration dependent-manner, showed a greater ordering effect on the inner monolayer than on the outer monolayer, decreased annular lipid fluidity in a dose dependent-manner, and contracted the membrane lipid bilayer. Furthermore, the drug was found to have a clustering effect on membrane proteins.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.356-364
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• 2005

Intramolecular excimer formation of 1,3-di(1-pyrenyl) propane(Py-3-Py) and fluorescence polarization of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) were used to evaluate the effect of ethanol on the rate and range of lateral and rotational mobilities of bulk bilayer structures of synaptosomal plasma membrane vesicles (SPMVs) from the bovine cerebral cortex. Ethanol increased the excimer to monomer fluorescence intensity ratio (I'/I) of Py-3-Py in the SPMVs. Selective quenching of both DPH and Py-3-Py by trinitrophenyl groups was used to examine the range of transbilayer asymmetric rotational mobility and the rate and range of transbilayer asymmetric lateral mobility of SPMVs. Ethanol increased the rotational and lateral mobility of the outer monolayer more than of the inner one. Thus ethanol has a selective fluidizing effect within the transbilayer domains of the SPMVs. Radiationless energy transfer from the tryptophans of membrane proteins to Py-3-Py was used to examine both the effect of ethanol on annular lipid fluidity and protein distribution in the SPMVs. Ethanol increased annular lipid fluidity and also caused membrane proteins to cluster. These effects on neuronal membranes may be responsible for some, though not all, of the general anesthetic actions of ethanol.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.406-412
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• 2007

The formation of inclusion complexes between ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin and diethylenetriamine substituted-pyridine copper(II) perchlorate; [Cu(dien)(sub-py)] $(ClO_4)_2$, were studied by spectrophotometric methods. On account of charge-transfer band(MLCT) and $^2T_2{\rightarrow}^2E$, the two high peaks were observed as an inclusion complex for the [${\beta}$-CD]$[Cu(dien)(p-Cl-py)]^{2+}$ in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum. The ${\beta}$-CD and $[Cu(dien)(sub-py)]^{2+}$ ion formed a 1:1 complex, and the formation constants were decreased with the increasing temperatures, due to weak binding energy between ${\beta}$-CD and $[Cu(dien)(sub-py)]^{2+}$ ion. This reaction was controlled by enthalpy. In a correlation of the Hammett substituent constants and formation constants for the reaction, formation constants were increased by strong binding energy in the inclusion complexes when electron donating groups were substituted in pyridine ring.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• 제5권
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• pp.151-199
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• 1992

A study on Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n, one of the most widely-known Korean medicine books, has been conducted and the findings are as follows:the political and social background at the end of Yi-dynasty amidst the inflow of western civilization and the aggression of foreign forces can be seen as a historical period of trial, when civilization and independence had to be preserved at the same time, during the period, the social trend was to pursue a rapid practical solution rather than a profound theory. Responding to this trend, simple and easy medical science became to prevailand the representative medicine book of this kind was Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n. 1. Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n was written comprising the characteristics of simple and easy medical science with a view to popularizing-collection of logics, easy readability, medical science in time, etc. 2. Bang Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n, rich and grand in content, came out of Dong-$\breve{U}$i-Bo-Gam at the right moment as a pragmatic guide book of Korea medical practice symbolizing Korean spirit. 3. Do-yun Whang whose pen name was Hye-Am was born in Changwon, Kyungnam-do as the 18th descendant of Changwon Whang family. He engaged in medical practice in Seoul and wrote and edited Boo-Bang-Py$\breve{u}$n-Ram. $\breve{U}$i-Jong-Son-Ik, $\breve{U}$i-J$\breve{u}$ng-Son-Ik-Bu-Yeo, $\breve{U}$i-Bang-Whan-Tu, ect. and made his son, Pil-Su follow him and let him edit Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n, which put $\breve{U}$i-Bang-Whal-Tu and Son-Ik-Bon-Cho together. 4. The construct of Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n can be subdivied into three parts: herbs of 34 classes and 514 kinds were arranged on the upper part and $\breve{U}$i-Bang-Whal-Tu was arranged on the middle end lower part. Such arrangement can be very effective in clinics. 5. Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n as a curative book of Korean medical science has been a necessary another ego for many Korean medical practioners. It also played a great role of enhancing Korean oriental medical science to be widely used by Koreans. On the other hand, it produced a side effect of emergence of employed medical practioner who lacked in scholastic aptitude. 6. Tens or newly edited Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n have been issued. Among them, Jung-Jeong, Bang-Yak-Hap-py$\breve{u}$n, J$\breve{u}$ng-Mak-Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n. By$\breve{u}$n-J$\breve{u}$ng-Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n, and By$\breve{u}$n-J$\breve{u}$ng-Bang-Yak-Jung-Jeon have been widely known. Lately, Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n which includes more symptoms and remedies or is translated into Korean came out in several kinds. 7. The number of korea classical medicinal books quoted in Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n is 68, among which Dong-$\breve{U}$i-Bo-Gam Occupies the top in the list enlisting 69 medicinal treatment. This Shows that Dong-$\breve{U}$i-Bo-Gam gave birth to Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n.

• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.76-78
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• 2014

Fluorescent nucleic acids were prepared utilizing the polymerase extension (PEX) reaction to incorporate fluorescent molecules. 2'-Deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) derivatives possessing pyrene molecules as fluorophores were synthesized using the aqueous-phase Sonogashira coupling between 5-Iodo-dUTP and acetylene-linked pyrene molecules. The incorporation of the pyrene (Py)-labeled deoxyuridine triphosphates (PyU) into DNA by polymerase was evaluated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, demonstrating that the PyU can work as a good substrate for the PEX reaction. The fluorescent properties of the functionalized DNA prepared by the PEX reaction were characterized by steady-state fluorescence measurements. The Py-conjugated DNA showed typical emission spectra of the pyrene, and the DNA with two pyrene molecules connected to each other by a diethylene glycol linker exhibited a broadened emission attributed to the electronic interaction between the Py molecules.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.454-458
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• 1997

To develop a yellow pigment for a food-additive, a strain producing a water-soluble yellow pigment was isolated from phylloplane of tree leaf. The strain PY123 was identified a Bacillus sp. based on morphological and biochemical characterization such as a bacillus form, mortility, spore formation, Gram positive, and catalase production. The pigment production of the strain PY123 was increased about 3 times in patato broth containing 1% sucrose and 0.1 mM CoCl$_{2}$ than in only potato broth after incubation at 30$circ$C, for 2 days. When 0.1 mM CoCl$_{2}$, was added in potato broth containing 1% sucrose at late log phase during incubation of the strain PY123, cell growth was not inhibited, and the period at maximal pigment production of the strain PY123 was about 12hrs faster than in potato broth containing 1% sucrose and 0.1 mM CoCl$_{2}$, simultaniously.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.171-176
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• 1999

The spectral and photophysical properties of trans-1-pyrazinyl-2-(3-quinolinyl)ethylene (trans-3- PyQE) are investigated under various conditions in order to obtain information on ground and excited states. The absorption spectrum of trans-3-PyQE changes slightly with varying degree of solvent polarity ; the. fluorescence spectrum is shifted to the red and becomes broad and structureless as the solvent polarity increases. The fluorescence quantum yield increases with increasing solvent polarity. The fluorescence intensity of trans-3-PyQE decreases as the concentration of methyl iodide increases. The fluorescence spectra of trans-3-PyQE changes markedly upon the variation of the excitation wavelength, presumably due to an equilibrium between conformers originating from the rotation of a quasi-single bond between the quinolinyl group and ethylenic carbon atom. These results indicate that the spectral and photophysical properties of trans-3-PyQE are strongly influenced by solvent, heavy atom, and an equilibrium between conformers

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 한국주거학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.67-73
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• 2004

The aim of this study is to analyze the tendency of the interior materials used for the apartment units of Mixed-use Apartment. One hundred fourteen cases of 15Mixed-use Apartment which were completed or under construction in Seoul and Bundang area before and after the year 2000 were the examples of this research. For the purpose of this research, following contents were analyzed accordingly. 1. The units were devided into entrance, living room, kitchen, bedroom and bathroom; and finishing material of the floor, wall and ceiling of each individual space were analyzed. 2. The units was categorized into three floor spaces(py) such as 30-49py, 50-70py, 80py and above. And each interior material of different floor spaces(py) were analyzed.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.152-155
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• 2007

Spin dependent transport was investigated in lateral $Py(Ni_{81}Fe_{19})/Au/Py$ spin valve devices. Clear spin valve effect was observed in conventional four-terminal measurement geometry. Higher resistance was found in antiparallel magnetization field of two Py electrodes which is determined by anisotropy magnetoresistance (AMR) measurements. The rectangular shape of spin signal together with good agreement of switching field convinces observed spin valve signal is resulted from effective spin injection and detection. The magnetoresistance ratio decays exponentially with channel length by which spin diffusion length of Au channel was estimated to be 76 nm.