• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.98-104
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• 2000

The conventional model did not take momentum conservation into consideration when the electron absorbs and emits the photons. II-ray provides momentum conservations on any directions of the entering photons, and also the electrons have radial momentum conservations and fully elastic bouncing between two atoms, in the new atom model. Conventional atom model must be criticized on the following four points. (1) Natural motions between positive and negative entities are not circular motions but linear going and returning ones, for examples sexual motion, tidal motion, day and night etc. Because the radius of hydrogen atom's electron orbit is the order of 10$^{-11}$ m and the radia of the nucleons in the nucleus are the order of 10$^{-14}$ m and then the converging $\pi$-gamma rays to the nucleus have so great circular momentum, the electron can not have a circular motion. We can say without doubt that any elementary mass particle can have only linear motion, because of the $\pi$-rays'hindrances, nearthenucleus. (2) Potential energy generation was neglected when electron changes its orbit from outer one to inner one. The h v is the kinetic energy of the photo-electron. The total energy difference between orbits comprises kinetic and potential energies. (3) The structure of the space must be taken into consideration because the properties of the electron do not change during the transition from outer orbit to inner one even though it produces photon. (4) Total energy conservation law applies to the energy flow between mind and matter because we daily experiences a interconnection between mind and body. Conventional Concept of Electric Field must be extended in the case of the direct and alternating current. Conventional concept is based on coulomb's force while the electric potential in the direct and alternating current is from Gibb's free energy. And also conventional concept has not any consciousness with human being but the latters has a conscious sensibility. The cell emf is from the kinetic energy of the open $\pi$-rays flow through the conducting wire. The electric potential in alternating current is from that the trans-orbital moving of the induced change of magnetic field in the wire produces flows of open $\pi$-rays, which push the rotating electrons on the orbital and then make the current flow. Human consciousness can induce a resonance with the sensibility of the open $\pi$-rays in the electric measuring equipment. Specially treated acupunctures with Nasucon is for sending an acupunctural effect from one place to another via space by someone's will power.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.355-373
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• 2013

This research paper is to identify factors affecting the need for international cooperation in defense science and technology sector. This study set a new hypothesis based on the previous research in terms of the theory of transaction cost, knowledge-based and technology readiness level perspective. After setting a new hypothesis, the following facts were found. First, it showed that the greater the importance of defense technology also increases the need for international technology cooperation for its technology. Second, the relatively higher distance of technology comparing to the developed countries was the need for international technology cooperation to be bigger. Lastly, the relatively higher technology readiness level of technology showed the negative relationship with the need for international cooperation. This results showed that the international cooperation in defense science and technology was regarded as complementary to get their short knowledge. The results of these analyzes showed that the international defense cooperation should be push forward based on the level of technology comparing to the developed countries and the technology readiness level.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.222-230
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• 2016

HEMIRE is a 6,000-meter-class remotely operated vehicle (ROV) that has been developed for observation and sampling of objects of interest on the deep seabed. We first carried out deep-seabed exploration around the slopes of the Hupo Bank and the Ulleung Basin in the East Sea in June 2015. Over two weeks, a total of 10 dives were made from a support ship, the R/V Onnuri, at eight stations with water depth ranging between 194 and 2,080 m. The dive times ranged from 1 to 6 hours, depending on the operating conditions. We obtained the following results: 1) video images of the deep seafloor; 2) red snow crab density data (a major fishery resource) and inventories of deep-sea fauna, including an unrecorded organism; 3) specific topographies such as canyons slopes; 4) an undisturbed sediment core obtained using a push corer; and 5) observations of the seabed surface covered with discarded anthropogenic waste material.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.3405-3411
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• 2009

This study was performed to be used as basic data to preventive the osteoporosis of a rural community people, after finding out the bone mineral density and a state of health, that of exercise, body composition and basic physical strength of the rural community adult. the subject for 143 adults of a rural community, the relation between bone mineral density and a state of health, that of exercise, body measurement and basic physical strength was studied. The research results were as follows. 1. In survey subjects, the more the age increased(p<0.01) and the lower the educational level was, the lower bone mineral density was(p<0.05). 2. Bone mineral density was significantly lower in those who had chronic diseases than those who didn't (p<0.05). 3. Bone mineral density was significantly higher in those who had much weight, BMI, body fat mass, and fat-free mass than those who didn't(p<0.01). 4. Bone mineral density was significantly high in those who exercised in the past, whose basal metabolism was high, and whose muscle mass was much(p<0.05). 5. Bone mineral density was high in those who had much grasping power and a number of sit-ups and push-ups (p<0.01). 6. As a result of Multiple Regression Analysis in which BMD was a dependent variable, the more the age increased, the more the score of bone density decreased when they had chronic diseases. And the exercise of the past affected the increase of bone mineral density.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.10-21
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• 2014

The joint of prefabricated steel grid composite deck is composed of concrete shear key and high-tension bolts. The flexural and shear strength of the joint were experimentally evaluated only by the bending and push-out test of the joint element. In this study the lateral load transfer behavior of the joint in deck structure system is experimentally evaluated. Several decks connected by the joint are prefabricated and loaded centrically and eccentrically. In the case of centrically loaded specimens, the analysis results show that for the same loading step the rotation angle of the joint with 4 high-tension bolts is larger than the case of the joint with 9 high-tension bolts. Consequently, flexural stiffness of deck and lateral load transfer decrease in the case of specimen with 4 high-tension bolts. But, in the case of eccentrically loaded specimens, it is found that there are no significant differences in the load transfer behavior. The further analysis results about the structural behavior of the joint show that lateral load transfer can be restricted by the load bearing capacity of the joint as well as punching shear strength of the slab. Furthermore, considering that high-tension bolts in the joint didn't reach to the yielding condition until the punching shear failure, increase in the number of high-tension bolts from 4 to 9 has a greater effect on the flexural stiffness of the joint and deck system than the strength of them.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.20-27
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• 2018

In this paper, the problem of a double-parked car has been investigated and a method to solve it is studied. Double parking is very common in a public parking lot with insufficient parking space. If a double-parked car blocked the way, a person needs to push the double-parked car to move it. The problem is that moving a double-parked car with hands is very hard and dangerous, especially for the old and the weak. To solve the above mentioned problem, an automatic mover for a double-parked car is proposed and developed. The basic idea is that a double-parked car can be moved by rolling its one wheel. Two rollers are designed and manufactured, which are used to roll a wheel of a double-parked car. The developed automatic mover has two rollers, two driving wheels, and four castors. It also has several ultrasonic sensors so that it can detect obstacles in the way and prevent possible collision. It is verified through several experiments that the developed automatic mover can move a double-parked car safely and easily.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.331-346
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• 2006

Free-end partial dentures, which are supported by teeth surrounded by dental root membranes and elastic mucous membrane tissues, may cause stress to the abutment teeth due to external force imposed on the denture base, increase the mobility of the abutment teeth, and bring about a change in the periodontal tissue. General retainers used in partial dentures are categorized into clasp, attachment, and Konus crown. Stress imposed on the abutment teeth and mobility of the denture base have relations with the lifetime of a crown and abutment teeth, and have direct relations with the chewing ability. Thus, a need arises to make a comparative analysis of stress of the three direct retainers on the abutment teeth and interpret the mobility of the denture base. This study designed three kinds of removable partial dentures (one kind of attachment partial denture, one kind of Konus crown partial denture, and one kind of clasp partial denture), and fabricated Dentiforms of bilateral partial dentures (Kennedy Class I) with lower left 1st premolar and lower right 1st and 2nd premolars being as the abutment teeth. A strain gauge was installed in the mesial and distal surface of the lowerr left 1st premolar (No. 34) of the fabricated dentiform and in the lower part of the denture base, and installed were a clasp partial denture, an attachment partial denture, and a Konus crown partial denture. Then, the vertical static load of 5kgf and 7.5kgf at the occlusion surface of the lower left No. 6 molar was generated for a total of 20 frequencies of load each using a push-full gauge, and thus a change in the output of the strain gauge was measured. With the respective application of Konus crown, attachment and RPI clasp in the free-end partial denture, surveyed was the distribution of stress imposed on the abutment teeth and the denture base according to the location of occlusion force load so as to come up with the following results. 1. Konus crown and attachment partial dentures generated much stress, and more stress on the abutment teeth than RPI clasp dentures did. Attachment dentures tended to further intensify stress on the abutment teeth than Konus crown dentures did. 2. Attachment dentures and Konus dentures imposed less stress on the denture base than RPI clasp dentures did. There was no stress difference between Attachment and Konus crown dentures. 3. Dentures that were designed with the application of retainers using sturdy linkage methods tended to be less mobile.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to verify the most effective spinal stabilization exercises program by comparing the activities of muscles contributing to spinal stabilization during four types of exercises using a sling and a mat. Twenty healthy males were recruited and each subjects performed four types of exercises. Exercise 1 was performed in a quadruped position with the subjects lifting the left arm and the opposite leg on the mat. Exercise 2 was performed in a prone position while holding a sling with the right hand and the left knee was fully extended while lifting the left arm and right leg. Exercise 3 was performed in quadruped position while holding a sling with one the right hand and lifting the opposite arm and leg. In exercise 4, subjects were instructed to maintain a balance push-up position while holding slings with both hands in 10 cm forward reaching with extended elbows. Electromyographic(EMG) activities were recorded from the multifidus, external oblique, internal oblique, abdominal rectus, and erector spinalis muscles during the exercises. The EMG amplitude of each muscle was normalized to the amplitude in the maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of each muscle. Repeated ANOVA and Bonferroni's tests were used to compare the differences in the muscle activity according to the types of exercise. The EMG amplitudes of all the muscles were significantly different according to the types of exercises (p<.05). The highest EMG activities of each muscle was as follow; multifidus was 73.38%MVIC in exercise 3, the erector spinalis was 40.03%MVIC in exercise 3, the external oblique was 135.88%MVIC in exercise 4, the internal oblique was 128.60%MVIC in exercise 4, and the rectus abdominalis was 95.24%MVIC in Exercise 4. The types of exercises showed a significant difference in composition rate of EMG amplitudes of each muscle (p<.05). EMG composition rate of the multifidus was high in exercise 1 and 3. However, EMG composition rates of the external oblique, internal oblique, and the rectus abdominals were high in exercise 2 and 4. These results showed differences in EMG activities of muscles contributing to trunk stabilization during different therapeutic exercises. Therefore, the type of exercise should be carefully selected to effectively strengthen a specific trunk stabilizer.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.214-227
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• 2017

There is an increasing attention by scholars and policy makers that university campus can be the key space for the location of high-tech companies and research facilities as well as the promotion of university-industry collaboration activities. There is a tendency that science parks in the UK have a close connection with neighboring universities on the basis of university-industry collaboration activities. Moreover, the role and importance of the university in the evolution process of science parks has been rapidly increased since the 1990's. Recently, the UK government started to push ahead with the university enterprise zone programme, as a new type of enterprise zone, in order to promote university-industry collaboration and local economic development. In this regard, the Korean government also needs to pay attention to the new role of universities, especially universities located in non-capital areas, for not only strengthening the competitiveness of universities, but also fostering regional and national economic development.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.15-38
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to look into the consumers who show the consumption patterns of brand switching and repeated purchasing, find the decision factors of their brand switching and repeated purchasing, analyze the difference in marketing response variables being represented as corporate promotion activities in the brand switching and repeated purchasing process, and provide a suggestion to apply the result to marketing Therefore, it tries to help the firms, which develop push marketing as the result of excessive competition between distributors and sales competition focusing on external appearance, recognize consumers as individual substances; to propose proper efficient promotion activities; to let consumers increase loyalty to their trademark and continue to purchase their products repeatedly; and to induce competitor brand consumers to do brand switching. The results of this study are presented as follows: First, consumers who prefer events, price discount, samples, and product premium which means the products with brand or logo on them had the feature of repeated purchasing. Secondly, service benefit, point-type promotion, cost-saving satisfaction didn't affect brand switching, and only the consumers who prefer coupon-type promotion did brand switching. Thirdly, a distribution type produced the moderating effect between the repeated purchasing and coupon and coupon-type promotion, and between brand switching and service benefit.