• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.13-17
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• 2012

Recently, our ocean development paradigm is changing so that the development focus has been moved from the port facility developments to creating useful marine space. This paradigm accords well with the current green technology and helps the growth of service industries and the development from this paradigm can become a national land mark. Accordingly, the concept of creating marine waste landfill by the development of resource recycling technology has been introduced for eco-friendly space as an artificial island in future. Therefore, this study introduces the reactive vertical drainage method that is to pursue the purification of pollutants as well as stabilization of newly deposited soils in marine environments. To install the reactive vertical drainage piles for more effective feasibility and constructability, placements of drainage mid-layer are considered in the geotechnical viewpoint. Consolidation characteristics were evaluated by standard consolidation tests after several types of model test. As s result, the application of mid-layer drainage is strongly recommended in the reactive vertical drainage to quickly stabilize newly deposited soils. And vacuum consolidation method has better consolidation characteristic than vertical loading method in terms of the settlements predicted by additional stress for further use as an artificial island.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.509-517
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to assess the applicability of device-type stream coagulation process which combines physiochemical, biological processing for efficient improvement of water quality in small, middle-sized urban streams. The stream purification facility of this study is compose of pressure flotation type Micro Bubble Process(MBP) to remove TSS and TP and conduit line type Attached Microbial Pipe System(AMPS) to remove BOD. Test conditions of each device were set by floating stay time and change of ultra fine bubble injection amount of MBP, and change of AMPS stay time. Also, removal efficiency of pollution sources of each process were assess by change of season. As result of continuous operation of each process, MBP showed a maximum of TSS 83.69%, TP 95.15% process efficiency and AMPS showed a maximum of 52.95% TBOD5 removal efficiency. Also as result of circular operation of each process, MBP showed a maximum of TSS 69.75%, TP 70.17% process efficiency and AMPS showed a maximum of 68.58% TBOD5 removal efficiency. Therefore, it is considered that this stream coagulation process is effective in improving the water quality of streams in urban areas.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.796-806
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• 2014

The key for the commercial deployment of IGCC power plants or chemical (methanol, dimethyl ether, etc.) production plants based on coal gasification is their economic advantage over plants producing electricity or chemicals from crude oil or natural gas. The better economy of coal gasification based plants can be obtained by co-production of electricity and chemicals. In this study, we carried out the economic feasibility analysis on the process of co-producing electricity and DME (dimethyl ether) using coal gasification. The plant's capacity was 250 MW electric and DME production of 300,000 ton per year. Assuming that the sales price of DME is 500,000 won/ton, the production cost of electricity is in the range of 33~58% of 150.69 won/kwh which is the average of SMP (system marginal price) in 2013, Korea. At present, the sales price of DME in China is approximately 900,000 won/ton. Therefore, there are more potential for lowering the price of co-produced electricity when comparing that from IGCC only. Since the co-production system can not only use the coal gasifier and the gas purification process as a common facility but also can control production rates of electricity and DME depending on the market demand, the production cost of electricity and DME can be significantly reduced compared to the process of producing electricity or DME separately.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.11
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• pp.1647-1653
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• 2010

Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) was purified from polysaccharide extracted from sea hare muscle on DEAE-Sepharose column and investigated for the functional groups, distribution of sugars, composition of disaccharide and structure of GAG. Purified GAG was composed of disaccharide above 55% of total sugar. Purified GAG showed amide I peak in 1648/cm and C-O stretch peak as properties of carbohydrate, amino acid peak in 1457/cm, and peak in 866/cm as properties of monosaccharide by FT-IR. Fucose, N-acetylgalactosamine, N-acetylglucosamine, glucose, galactose, mannose and xylose were found in MALDI-TOF MS/MS spectra of hydrolysates by chondroitin sulfate ABC lyase and heparanase I. Purified GAG was expected to be heparan sulfate including N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylglucosamine above 70% of total sugar. The structure of GAG was supposed as GlyUA(2S)-GlcNS and GlyUA-GlcNS(6S) with O-linkage on protein core.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.469-482
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• 2018

This research has developed the criteria and index for systematically and objectively assessing the quality of river water by fixing the various factors that affect Gyeongin ARA waterway's water quality through analysis with the Delphi Technique and analytic hierarchy program (AHP) Method. Based on the results, the highest criteria are, in order of importance, physical and environmental factors 28%, administrative factors 26%, natural fixed factors 26% and finally, cultural and social factors 20%. The three dimensions of the criteria show that for the internal physical and environmental factors, the most important are the loss of self-purification capacity, and the external factors are Gulpocheon and the sludge deposit due to Gyulhweon-weir the bridge. The facility factor in management was affected by the coagulation and waste water disposal facilities. The problem for the policy and institutional factors was seen in the regulatory area. The aquatic ecology/ point pollution source for the natural fixed factors show that it is due to the polluted water of Gulpo-cheon and the living environment/ non-point pollution source is shown through the inflow water from other rivers. Cultural and social factors show that the economical causes were due to the cargo and passenger flight operations and the external factors of having a lack of sewage treatment equipment have an importance effect. In order to estimate the order of priority through logical evidence and objectivity, future research must be continued on the evaluation indexes to measure the specific methodology and technique needed to improve the Gyeongin ARA Waterway.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.6610-6617
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• 2013

This study examined the current and future Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) control device markets and analyzed the recent studies on indoor air pollutantr emoval to develop a new technology for fine dust control. Currently, the mechanical filter technique occupies the bulk of the IAQ control market but the electronic technique is emerging as an alternative to control fine dust efficiently. Among the gaseous VOCs and fine dust particles contaminating the indoor air quality, fine dust particles are more problematic because they threaten human health by penetrating deep into the body and producing secondary contaminants by chemical reaction with VOCs. The electronic IAQ control device using dielectrophoretic and electrostatic forces is a good option for public spaces where many people pass, and at the same time, it needs to consider temperature, humidity, and the particle properties of specific areas to highlight the control efficiency. Electronic-related technology is expected to be used widely in many public/private spaces wherever a dust-free environment is required.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.75-91
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• 2021

Ocean dumping manure was prohibited in Korea until the end of 2012. Undumped manure was treated by resourcification, purification, and public process in a facility. But poor storage of untreated manure and overproduced compost can pollute river water. In this study, linear regression, Mann-Kendall, Seasonal Mann-Kendall, LOWESS trend, and Spearman's correlation analysis were conducted for investigating the changes in the water quality of Bukhan and Imjin river before and after the prohibition of ocean dumping. In 2017, the Imjin Riv er basin had more than 5.7 times liv estock breeding heads than the Bukhan Riv er basin and more than 3.5 times livestock manure. The areas of land, farmland, and nutrient balance were also higher in the Imjin River basin. Since the two basins have different environments, it is expected that the characteristics of changes in water quality due to the increase in livestock manure generation and treatment methods will be different when comparing the water quality trends before and after the ban. The result of the trend analysis revealed a decrease in EC before the ban but an increase afterward. T-N and BOD of Imjin river increased slightly before the ban but demonstrated great enhancement thereafter. Other sites and T-P exhibited no trend. The correlation analysis result showed that the increase in the number of livestock rearing was correlated with the increase in T-P of Bukhan River and BOD of Imjin River. The increase in livestock manure production was not correlated with the Imjin River basin, while a correlation was observed with the Bukhan River with an increase in T-N and EC and the decrease in T-P.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.15-31
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• 2022

The Green Purification Unit System (GPUS) is a green infrastructure facility applicable to the roadside to reduce particulate matter from road traffic. This study introduces two types of GPUS (type1 and type2) and assesses the performance and maintenance costs of each of them. The GPUS's performance analysis used the data collected in November 2021 after the installation of the GPUS type1 and type2 at the study site in Suwon. The changes in the particulate matter concentration near the GPUS were measured. The maintenance cost of GPUS type1 and type2 was assessed by calculating the initial installation cost and the management and repair cost after installation. The results of the performance analysis showed that the GPUS type1, which was manufactured by combining plants and electric dust collectors, had a superior particulate matter reduction performance. In particular, type1 produced a greater effect of particulate matter reduction in the time with a high concentration (50㎍/m³ or higher) of particulate matter due to the operation of electric dust collectors. GPUS type2, which was designed in the form of a plant wall without applying an electric dust collector, showed lower reduction performance than type1 but showed sufficiently improved performance compared to the existing band green area. Meanwhile, the GPUS type1 had three times higher costs for the initial installation than GPUS type2. In terms of costs for managing and repairing, it was evaluated that type1 would be slightly more costly than type2. Finally, this study discussed the applicability of two types of GPUS based on the result of the analysis of their particulate matter performance and maintenance cost at the same time. Since GPUS type2 has a cheaper cost than type1, it could be more economical. However, in the area suffering a high concentration of particulate matter, GPUS type1 would be more effective than type2. Therefore, the choice of GPUS types should rely on the status of particulate matter concentration in the area where GPUS is being installed.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.25
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• pp.119-132
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• 2004

Annals of the Joseon Dynasty is the authentic record of the historical facts and events taken place throughout the entire period of 472 years(25 generations, 1392~1863)described in a chronological order. The tremendous volume of the records contains the factual events taken place in almost all the fields of the Joseon Dynasty ranging from politics, economy to history of the dynasty. Not only because of its affluent contents but also with the precision of its records, it was designated as the National Treasure No. 151 in1973 by the Korean government and also registered as the Memory of the World by UNESCO in October 1997.This study is to report a exhaustive investigation results on the conservation state of annals of the Joseon Dynasty, especially Mt. Jeongjoksan edition, under the storage of the Kyujanggak in order to obtain the current condition, and thereby to estimate the any deterioration of the waxed volumes in the future. According to results of the investigation, we are going to verify damage causes of annals of the Joseon Dynasty, and to consider scientific conservation methods for the permanent preservation of invaluable cultural heritage. The major problem with the preservation of annals has arisen particularly from the deterioration of the waxed volumes of the Mt. Jeongjoksan edition. In order to provide for the counter measures for this problem, we have conducted twice investigations(first :1998~1999, second : 2003) to the internal and external conditions of waxed volumes(Annals of King Taejo~Annals of King Myeongjong).The result of the investigation has indicated that the paper quality of the some of the waxed volumes (Annals of King Taejong~Annals of King Sejong) is cracked and folded and the pages are imbedded to each other due to the hardened or congealed wax on the paper. Some of the pages are even getting moldy. And in order to detect as to whether“ there has been any deterioration progressed to the waxed books in the modern storage facility of the Kyujanggak equipped with constant temperature and humidity condition, the first investigation(1998~1999) and the second investigation(2003) have recorded the values of acidity, whiteness and moisture rate of the waxed paper, reporting an observation that there has been no difference on the measuring items. This indicates that no virtual deterioration has been progressed so far to the waxed volumes preserved in the Kyujanggak. Also, except for the causes of deterioration to the paper by insects and microorganisms, the major cause for the paper damage seems to the change of moisture of the paper caused from the alteration of the temperature and humidity of the storage environment. With this understanding in mind, we have conducted an environmental investigation on the three selected points of the storage in the aspects of the temperature, humidity, air current, $CO_2$,HCHO, and $SO_2$.It has been observed that the temperature stood at $16.9^{\circ}C~20.2^{\circ}C$ and the humidity was stable between 53%~56% during the period of the investigation. The concentration of the carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide of the storage were very similar to those in the air. These data lead to presume that there is no problem in the aspect of carbon oxidization. But the concentration of sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and formaldehyde of the storage were detected a little higher than those of standard. Therefore, we consider that it is necessary to ventilate the internal air of the store room by means of operating air purification devices.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.533-541
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• 2017

Agricultural landscape has many ecosystem service functions. However, the development of the horticulture complex has no consideration for environmental conservation. Therefore, we analyzed the priorities of ecosystem service functions required for the composition. The study was conducted in three stages. As a result of the first survey, 17 functions were selected to be improved. In the second survey, 12 functions were selected excluding 5 functions. Finally, 1. Measures for water purification, 2. Groundwater recharge plan, 3. Surface water storage space, 4. Flood control measures, 5. Vegetation diversity space, 6. Carbon emission reduction plan, 7. Aquatic insect habitat space, 8. Amphibian reptiles 9. Landscape and Waste Management, 10. Bird Species Space, 11. Heat Island Mitigation Plan, 12. Experience / Ecological Education Plan. We proposed the structure, capacity, flow rate, arrangement and form of the water treatment facility to improve water quality by improving the function. We proposed a reservoir space of 7-10% for groundwater recharge. The development of reservoir and storage facilities suitable for the Korean situation is suggested for the surface water storage and flood control measures. And proposed to secure a green space for the climate cycle. Proposed habitat and nutrient discharge management for biodiversity. We propose green area development and wetland development to improve the landscape, and put into the facilities for experiential education. The results of the research can be utilized for the development and improvement of the horticultural complex.