• 제목/요약/키워드: Purchasing Probability

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기업의 부동산 자산 매각과 매입에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Disposal and Purchase of Corporate Real Estate Assets)

  • 이지혜;최영상;변희섭
    • 부동산연구
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    • 제27권3호
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    • pp.23-40
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    • 2017
  • 본 연구는 다양한 내부특성에 기초하여 기업의 부동산 자산 매각과 매입 의사결정의 동기와 유인을 파악한다. 실증분석결과, 기업은 부채비율이 높을수록, 보유한 현금수준과 매출액 성장률이 낮을수록 적극적으로 부동산 자산을 매각하는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 결과는, 재무적 제약, 내부 자금여력 및 성장기회가 부동산 매각을 결정하는 주요한 요인임을 확인시켜주는 결과로 해석될 수 있다. 반면, 부동산 자산 매입 가능성은 부채비율이 낮은 기업에서 상승하는 것으로 관찰되어 안정적인 재무구조가 동 의사결정 이전에 선행되어야 함을 확인할 수 있었다. 한편, 기업의 부동산 자산 매각과 매입 거래규모와 기업특성 간의 관계 역시 앞선 결과와 유사한 행태가 관찰되었다. 본 연구는 기업의 부동산 자산 활용에 대한 다양한 견해가 제기되고 있는 가운데, 보다 엄밀한 접근방식을 통해 그 동기와 유인을 파악함으로써 관련한 경영행태의 이해도를 개선시키고, 향후 관련 규제 도입과 경영 활성화 전략 수립 시 기초자료를 제공한다는 실무적 시사점을 가질 것으로 예상된다.

미세여과 공정을 이용한 제주산 감귤 주스의 청징화 (Clarification of Korean Tangerine Juice Using Microfiltration Membrane Process)

  • 이은영;우건조
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제31권2호
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    • pp.448-457
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    • 1999
  • Citrus류 과실은 독특한 풍미와 영양적 가치로 인하여 전 세계적으로 널리 섭취되고 있다. 막을 이용한 과육 주스 가공시 혼탁 유발 물질을 제거하는 동시에 유기산, 당, ascorbic acid와 같은 주요 성분의 손실을 최소화하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 감귤 주스 청징화에 가장 적합한 미세여과 막을 선정하기 위하여 surface filter인 Whatman No.4와 다섯 종류의 미세여과 막(GF/A, GF/D, GF/F, Gelman, SM)을 사용하였다. 과육에 3배의 물을 혼합한 감귤 주스를 170 mesh로 거른 후 미세여과 막이 장착된 Samduck 여과 시스템에서 막 분리하였다. 시간에 따른 flux와 HPLC로 분석한 여액내 유용성분 함량을 SAS 프로그램으로 통계처리하여 최적막을 선정하였으며 막 표면에 침착된 물질은 SEM으로 관찰하였다. 유의수준 0.10에서 시간 경과에 따라 GF/A와 GF/F 막의 flux는 감소하였으며 Gelman, SM, GF/D 막은 안정한 flux를 유지하였다. Citrate, malate 및 ascorbic acid의 농도로 대변되는 영약적 지표와 brix와 색도로 대변되는 구매 지표를 합한 종합적인 점수는 Gelman 막이 가장 높았다. 따라서, 미세여과법이 청징화시 매우 효과적인 공정이었으며 세공의 크기와 막 재질이 다양한 미세여과 막중 Gelman 막이 감귤 주스 청징화에 가장 적합한 막으로 판명되었다.

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쇼핑 가치 추구 성향에 따른 쇼핑 목표와 공유 의도 차이에 관한 연구 - 전자제품 구매고객을 중심으로 (Shopping Value, Shopping Goal and WOM - Focused on Electronic-goods Buyers)

  • 박경원;박주영
    • 마케팅과학연구
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    • 제19권2호
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    • pp.68-79
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    • 2009
  • The interplay between hedonic and utilitarian attributes has assumed special significance in recent years; it has been proposed that consumption offerings should be viewed as experiences that stimulate both cognitions and feelings rather than as mere products or services. This research builds on previous work on hedonic versus utilitarian benefits, regulatory focus theory, customer satisfaction to address two question: (1) Is the shopping goal at the point of purchase different from the shopping value? and (2) Is the customer loyalty after the use different from the shopping value and shopping goal? We surveyed 345 peoples those who have bought the electronic-goods within 6 months. This research dealt with the shopping value which is consisted of 2 types, hedonic and utilitarian. Those who pursue the hedonic shopping value may prefer the pleasure of purchasing experience to the product itself. They tend to prefer atmosphere, arousal of the shopping experience. Consistent with previous research, we use the term "hedonic" to refer to their aesthetic, experiential and enjoyment-related value. On the contrary, Those who pursue the utilitarian shopping value may prefer the reasonable buying. It may be more functional. Consistent with previous research, we use the term "utilitarian" to refer to the functional, instrumental, and practical value of consumption offerings. Holbrook(1999) notes that consumer value is an experience that results from the consumption of such benefits. In the context of cell phones for example, the phone's battery life and sound volume are utilitarian benefits, whereas aesthetic appeal from its shape and color are hedonic benefits. Likewise, in the case of a car, fuel economics and safety are utilitarian benefits whereas the sunroof and the luxurious interior are hedonic benefits. The shopping goals are consisted of the promotion focus goal and the prevention focus goal, based on the self-regulatory focus theory. The promotion focus is characterized into focusing ideal self because they are oriented to wishes and vision. The promotion focused individuals are tend to be more risk taking. They are more sensitive to hope and achievement. On the contrary, the prevention focused individuals are characterized into focusing the responsibilities because they are oriented to safety. The prevention focused individuals are tend to be more risk avoiding. We wanted to test the relation among the shopping value, shopping goal and customer loyalty. Customers show the positive or negative feelings comparing with the expectation level which customers have at the point of the purchase. If the result were bigger than the expectation, customers may feel positive feeling such as delight or satisfaction and they would want to share their feelings with other people. And they want to buy those products again in the future time. There is converging evidence that the types of goals consumers expect to be fulfilled by the utilitarian dimension of a product are different from those they seek from the hedonic dimension (Chernev 2004). Specifically, whereas consumers expect the fulfillment of product prevention goals on the utilitarian dimension, they expect the fulfillment of promotion goals on the hedonic dimension (Chernev 2004; Chitturi, Raghunathan, and Majahan 2007; Higgins 1997, 2001) According to the regulatory focus theory, prevention goals are those that ought to be met. Fulfillment of prevention goals in the context of product consumption eliminates or significantly reduces the probability of a painful experience, thus making consumers experience emotions that result from fulfillment of prevention goals such as confidence and securities. On the contrary, fulfillment of promotion goals are those that a person aspires to meet, such as "looking cool" or "being sophisticated." Fulfillment of promotion goals in the context of product consumption significantly increases the probability of a pleasurable experience, thus enabling consumers to experience emotions that result from the fulfillment of promotion goals. The proposed conceptual framework captures that the relationships among hedonic versus utilitarian shopping values and promotion versus prevention shopping goals respectively. An analysis of the consequence of the fulfillment and frustration of utilitarian and hedonic value is theoretically worthwhile. It is also substantively relevant because it helps predict post-consumption behavior such as the promotion versus prevention shopping goals orientation. Because our primary goal is to understand how the post consumption feelings influence the variable customer loyalty: word of mouth (Jacoby and Chestnut 1978). This research result is that the utilitarian shopping value gives the positive influence to both of the promotion and prevention goal. However the influence to the prevention goal is stronger. On the contrary, hedonic shopping value gives influence to the promotion focus goal only. Additionally, both of the promotion and prevention goal show the positive relation with customer loyalty. However, the positive relation with promotion goal and customer loyalty is much stronger. The promotion focus goal gives the influence to the customer loyalty. On the contrary, the prevention focus goal relates at the low level of relation with customer loyalty than that of the promotion goal. It could be explained that it is apt to get framed the compliment of people into 'gain-non gain' situation. As the result, for those who have the promotion focus are motivated to deliver their own feeling to other people eagerly. Conversely the prevention focused individual are more sensitive to the 'loss-non loss' situation. The research result is consistent with pre-existent researches. There is a conceptual parallel between necessities-needs-utilitarian benefits and luxuries-wants-hedonic benefits (Chernev 2004; Chitturi, Raghunathan and Majaha 2007; Higginns 1997; Kivetz and Simonson 2002b). In addition, Maslow's hierarchy of needs and the precedence principle contends luxuries-wants-hedonic benefits higher than necessities-needs-utilitarian benefits. Chitturi, Raghunathan and Majaha (2007) show that consumers are focused more on the utilitarian benefits than on the hedonic benefits of a product until their minimum expectation of fulfilling prevention goals are met. Furthermore, a utilitarian benefit is a promise of a certain level of functionality by the manufacturer or the retailer. When the promise is not fulfilled, customers blame the retailer and/or the manufacturer. When negative feelings are attributable to an entity, customers feel angry. However in the case of hedonic benefit, the customer, not the manufacturer, determines at the time of purchase whether the product is stylish and attractive. Under such circumstances, customers are more likely to blame themselves than the manufacturer if their friends do not find the product stylish and attractive. Therefore, not meeting minimum utilitarian expectations of functionality generates a much more intense negative feelings, such as anger than a less intense feeling such as disappointment or dissatisfactions. The additional multi group analysis of this research shows the same result. Those who are unsatisfactory customers who have the prevention focused goal shows higher relation with WOM, comparing with satisfactory customers. The research findings in this article could have significant implication for the personal selling fields to increase the effectiveness and the efficiency of the sales such that they can develop the sales presentation strategy for the customers. For those who are the hedonic customers may be apt to show more interest to the promotion goal. Therefore it may work to strengthen the design, style or new technology of the products to the hedonic customers. On the contrary for the utilitarian customers, it may work to strengthen the price competitiveness. On the basis of the result from our studies, we demonstrated a correspondence among hedonic versus utilitarian and promotion versus prevention goal, WOM. Similarly, we also found evidence of the moderator effects of satisfaction after use, between the prevention goal and WOM. Even though the prevention goal has the low level of relation to WOM, those who are not satisfied show higher relation to WOM. The relation between the prevention goal and WOM is significantly different according to the satisfaction versus unsatisfaction. In addition, improving the promotion emotions of cheerfulness and excitement and the prevention emotion of confidence and security will further improve customer loyalty. A related potential further research could be to examine whether hedonic versus utilitarian, promotion versus prevention goals improve customer loyalty for services as well. Under the budget and time constraints, designers and managers are often compelling to choose among various attributes. If there is no budget or time constraints, perhaps the best solution is to maximize both hedonic and utilitarian dimension of benefits. However, they have to make trad-off process between various attributes. For the designers and managers have to keep in mind that without hedonic benefit satisfaction of the product it may hard to lead the customers to the customer loyalty.

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인터넷 점포에서의 구매후기 작성 동기 및 점포 고객 유형화 (Motives for Writing After-Purchase Consumer Reviews in Online Stores and Classification of Online Store Shoppers)

  • 홍희숙;류성민
    • 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.25-57
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    • 2012
  • 본 연구에서는 인터넷 점포에서 의류상품 구매후기를 작성하는 동기의 유형을 규명하는 한편 작성 동기 유형에 따라 인터넷 점포 고객들을 범주화하고, 각 집단의 작성행동, 인터넷 구매 행동, 인구사회적 특성의 차이를 규명하였다. 초점집단 면접과 온라인 서베이를 통해 연구되었으며, 정량적 연구에서는 의류상품 구매후기를 읽은 경험과 작성한 경험이 많은 국내 인터넷 점포 여성 고객 252명을 대상으로 자료가 수집되었다. 연구결과, 인터넷 점포에서 구매후기를 작성하는 동기 유형은 이타적 정보 공유, 불만해소 및 보복, 경제적 보상 추구, 상품 개발 지원, 감동 표현으로 나타났다. 특히, 작성행동에 대한 영향력이 큰 동기는 이타적 정보 공유 동기와 경제적 보상 추구 동기였다. 인터넷 점포 고객은 작성동기 유형에 따라 소비자 옹호 집단, 이익 추구 집단, 중도적 집단으로 범주화되었으며, 세 집단은 구매후기 작성행동, 인터넷 구매빈도, 인구사회적 요인들에서 차별적 특성을 보였다. 소비자 옹호 집단과 이익 추구 집단을 대상으로 인터넷 점포 구전 채널 관리 방안이 제시되었다.

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