• Mycobiology
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.180-183
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• 2010

This study was conducted out to select a silkworm variety suitable for synnemata production of Isaria tenuipes. Four kinds of the mulberry silkworm varieties, Bombyx mori, were hybridized using a Japanese parental line and a Chinese parental line, and used to test for synemata formation in I. tenuipes. The larval period of normal silkworms was 22 hr longer than the silkworms inoculated with this fungus. Among the silkworm varieties tested, Hachojam had the shortest larval period with 23.02 days. The non-cocooning silkworm had a shorter larval period than the cocoon producing silkworms. The pupation rate of normal silkworms was about 9% higher than that of silkworms sprayed with I. tenuipes. Hachojam had the highest infection rate at 99.8%, but no significant difference was observed for the infection rate by silkworm variety. The production of synnemata was the best in JS171 $\times$ CS188 with an incidence rate of 99.3%, followed by Hachojam, and Chugangjam. The synnemata produced from Hachojam were the heaviest and showed white or milky-white in color.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.29-32
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• 1973

이화명충의 인공사육을 위해 간이합성배지, 반합성배지, 합성배지 및 수도유묘에 의한 사육실험과 각 배지별 사육단가 산출에서 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 반합성배지에 의한 인공사육 결과 노숙유충의 체중 96.4mg, 자충우화율 $96.7\%$로서 타배지에 비하여 양호한 결과를 나타내었다. 반면 이 배지는 성충까지의 사육비용이 3.14원으로 대량 사육시에는 많은 비용이 든다. 2). 합성배지 및 반합성배지의 제 2세대 산란 및 부화율이 타 배지에 비해 높은 것은 Choline Chloride의 영향을 받은 것 같다. 3) 수도유묘에 의한 사육방법은 재료 구입이 용이 하고 가격이 저렴한 반면에 유충생육의 불균일 및 유묘 교환시 공시충의 손실과 노력이 많이 들어 대량사육을 위해서는 적합치 못하다. 4) 간이합성배지 중 Chlorella를 첨가시킨 실험구에서 노숙유충의 체중 및 용화율의 증가를 볼 수 있었다. 5) 간이합성배지에서의 생육결과 제2세대 산란 및 부화율이 낮은 것은 배if의 영양 결핍에 기인된 것 같다. 6) 각 배지 공히 용화율이 현저하게 낮은 원인은 용화시에 노숙유충이 병원균의 감염으로 오염사 되기 때문이다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.367-373
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• 2014

본 연구는 갈색거저리(Tenebrio molitor)의 사료로 주로 이용되는 밀기울을 대체할 사료원료 개발을 목표로 수행되었다. 대체원료로서 열풍건조시킨 귤껍질, 배추, 새송이버섯 및 팽이버섯 폐배지를 사용하였으며, 투여 후 유충의 생존율, 유충 무게, 유충의 발육기간, 용화율, 용무게를 측정하였다. 귤껍질과 배추를 첨가한 배지는 대체 먹이로 적합하지 않았다. 새송이버섯 폐배지의 모든 실험군에서 유충의 생존율은 대조군과 비슷하였으나 유충의 무게는 대조군에 비해 다소 낮게 나타났고, 유충 발육기간은 폐배지의 함량이 높아질수록 길어짐이 관찰되었다. 팽이버섯 폐배지 20~50% 첨가 조건에서 대조군과 비슷한 유충 및 용무게가 측정되었으며, 계대사육시 밀기울 사료에 40~50% 팽이버섯 폐배지를 첨가하는 것이 용화율을 고려했을 때 가장 효과적일 것으로 분석되었다. 결론적으로, 팽이버섯 폐배지를 40%~50% 첨가한 조건에서 기존의 밀기울 사육법과 비슷한 높은 효율성을 나타내기 때문에 팽이버섯 폐배지는 갈색거저리 유충의 대체사료로서 적합하다고 사료된다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2011

This study was conducted to test the use of colored cocoon silkworm, Golden Silk, as a host for the fruiting body production of Cordyceps mushroom. Golden Silk variety had a shorter larval period than Yangwonjam at $25.3^{\circ}C$ and 78.5% RH: The average larval period of the Golden Silk was 24 days and 7 hr, and that of the Yangwonjam was 24 days and 15 hr. In the infection test of I. tenuipes on silkworm, the larval period of normal silkworms was longer than the silkworms inoculated with I. tenuipes in both Golden Silk and Yangwonjam. The pupae survival percentage of Golden Silk was 94.4%, whereas it was 91.9% in Yangwonjam. Golden Silk had a higher pupation rate than Yangwonjam. The pupation rate of normal silkworms was about 5% higher than that of silkworms inoculated with I. tenuipes. Infection rate of I. tenuipes into larvae of 5th instar newly exuviated silkworm was 93.8% in Golden Silk, and 96.9% in Yangwonjam. Synnemata production of I. tenuipes was better in Yangwonjam with an incidence rate of 99.8% than Golden Silk with 98.6%. The average synnemata weight of Golden Silk was 1.12 g and that of Yangwonjam 1.29 g. Golden Silk had a lower synnemata weight than Yangwonjam. But no significant difference was observed in synnemata weight varieties. The synnemata of I. tenuipes produced on pupae were white or milky-white in color, and similar in shape and color to wild synnemata collected in Korea.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.69-72
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• 2018

A new silkworm variety 'Chilseongjam' was bred for special purpose as educational learning and festivals. Their breeding history and major characteristics are as follows. The Chilseongjam variety was selected and succeeded from the F1 of Galwon ${\times}$ C721 in 2009 autumn. They are showing 94% (spring & autumn) of high practical hatching ratio. The larval period of Chilseongjam (spring: 23 d, autumn: 24 d 3 h) was shorter than that of Daebakjam (spring: 24 d, autumn: 25 d 23 h). In the pupation percentage, Chilseongjam (spring: 96.6%, autumn: 86.1%) is similar to Daebakjam Daebakjam (spring: 96.3%) in spring, but autumn is lower than Daebakjam (autumn: 94.9%). Single cocoon weight (spring: 1.57 g, autumn: 1.29 g) and Cocoon yield (spring: 14.2 kg, autumn: 11.1 kg) were lower than those of Daebakjam (spring: 2.76 g, 25.4 kg, autumn: 2.19g, 20.2 kg), respectively. The new silkworm variety, Chilseongjam showed higher pupation rate than control variety. This variety can be used as a educational learning and festivals.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2024

We introduce a method for preserving yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus) larvae for an extended period and show that a high percentage of larvae can survive in good health under low-temperature storage conditions combined with specific diapause termination conditions. Our study revealed that we can regulate important development stages such as pupation, emergence, and larval duration by adjusting these termination conditions. When storing larvae aged 6-8 weeks for 140 days, the storage temperature can be varied based on our goals, giving us control over yellow mealworm production to meet specific demands. To produce adult beetles, storing larvae at 15 ℃ with wheat bran and ending diapause at 30 ℃ resulted in 90% pupation rate, with 60% becoming adults in 21 days. If our aim is larvae production, storing them at 10-12 ℃ with wheat bran and ending diapause at 25-30 ℃ allows the larvae to reach a suitable weight for processing. This straightforward approach ensures long-term storage of yellow mealworm larvae and provides a practical way to control their development, allowing efficient mass production tailored to market demands.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.297-300
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• 2001

감꼭지나방의 온도별(15, 20, 25, 3$0^{\circ}C$)발육과 생식에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 알에서 성충까지의 발육기간은 2$0^{\circ}C$에서 96.1일, $25^{\circ}C$에서 43.2일, 3$0^{\circ}C$에서 34.6일이 걸렸다. 15$^{\circ}C$에서는 유충기간중 모두 사망하였다. 발육영점온도는 알, 유충, 번데기, 알~성충이 각각 12.2, 13.5, 13.8, 13.4$^{\circ}C$였다. 유효적산온도는 알, 유충, 번데기, 알~성충이 각각 74.0, 331.3, 160.5, 569.9일도 이었다. 부화율, 용화율 및 우화율은 $25^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높았다. 산란전 기간과 성충수명은 2$0^{\circ}C$에서 12.6일과 29.3일이며, $25^{\circ}C$에서는 3.8일과 8.6일, 3$0^{\circ}C$에서 2.5일과 7.0일이었다. 1세대에 요하는 평균기간(T)은 온도가 높아질수록 짧았으며, 순증식률(R$_{o}$ )은 2$0^{\circ}C$와 3$0^{\circ}C$에서 낮았다. 내적자연증가율(r$_{m}$ )은 $25^{\circ}C$에서 0.066로 가장 크게 나타내었다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.233-236
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• 1983

시설원예의 중요해충인 온실가루이의 국내에서의 정착가능여부를 파악하기 위해 수행된 각태별 저온처리 시험결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 난은 $-5^{\circ}C$, 3시간처리에서 부화율이 현저히 떨어졌으며 $-10^{\circ}C$, 3일간처리에서 부화능력을 완전 상실하였다. 2. 유충은 $-5^{\circ}C$, 3일간처리에서 용화율이 현저히 떨어졌으며 $-20^{\circ}C$, 3일간처리에서 용화능력을 완전상실하였다. 3. 용은 $-15^{\circ}C$, 3일간처리에서 우화율이 현저히 떨어졌으며 $-20^{\circ}C$, 3일간처리에서 우화능력을 완전상실하였다. 4. 성충은 $-7.5^{\circ}C$ 3일간처리에서 생존율이 현저히 떨어졌으며 $-10^{\circ}C$, 3일간처리에서 완전사멸하였다. 이상의 결과로 미루어보아 국내의 중남부지역에서는 용태로 월동이 가능하고 제주도 및 남해안지역에서는 각태모두 월동이 가능할 것으로 고려된다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.23-26
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• 1998

Exposure of freshly laid eggs of Exorista bombycis (Louis) to volatiles emanating from bulbs of Allium sativum L. for different durations resulted in signigicant reduction in their hatchability. Maggots hatched from the eggs exposured for 64 h and 72 h were failed to emerge from host larvae. The duration of development stages of E. bombycis was prolonged besides reduction in rate of pupation and adult emergence as the egg exposure period increased. The findings are interpreted as the chronic effects of volatiles of garlic affecting maggots following developmental defects sustainable during embryonic development. The known major chemical components of A. sativum such as allicin, thioacrolein, ajoune, 2-propene sulfenic acid, 2-propene thiol and propylene were presumed to be responsible for the adverse consequences reported in this paper.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.153-157
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• 2005

Recently two breeding programs were carried out for isolation of new parental inbred lines in Iran. This study was undertaken in order to estimate the combining ability effects and heterosis of these lines. For this purpose an $8\times8$ diallel cross analysis including eight inbred lines of silkworm with four lines from each program were studied for their five quantitative traits. The results indicated that reciprocal effects appeared insignificant for most of traits. Japanese lines of 111 and 113 were best combiners for shell weight, cocoon weight and shell percentage traits. With respect to pupation rate, Chinese line 110 was the best and according to general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) variances, it is superior in specific combinations. Hybrid $109\times110$ showed better characters for both productive and viability traits. Hybrids with high heterosis had high SCA too.