• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.332-339
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• 2012

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to prevent health problems and environmental contamination resulting from inappropriate management of dental wastes and to provide reference data for revision and supplementation of dental clinic waste management guidelines. Methods: From 640 total of dental clinics registered in 16 cities and counties in Gyeongsangnam-do, 100 (60 in Changwon (Masan, Changwon), 29 in Gimhae, and 11 in Jinju) were included in this study. From July 2010 to September 2010, investigators visited the 100 dental clinics and conducted survey interviews using a structured survey questionnaire regarding disposal methods for liquid wastes (suction pump, spittoon container waste, used liquid disinfectants, and X-ray developer), and disposal methods for solid waste (suction pump, spittoon container waste, and general medical waste). Results: All the 100 dental clinics were found to treat liquid waste from suction pumps and spittoon containers in the same manner as general waste water. Nineteen percent of the clinics treated solid waste that was not filtered through the filter of a suction pump as general waste. Fifty or more percent of the clinics treated solid waste in spittoon containers as general waste. Seventy percent of the clinics used disinfectant solution, although most of them treated used disinfectants in the same manner as general waste water. Some clinics treated used X-ray developer and X-ray fixer in the same manner as general waste water. In most of the clinics, used drapes were washed within the clinic. Conclusions: It was found that waste water and dental wastes at some dental clinics were treated in inappropriately. Thus, in conclusion, the development of guidelines regarding proper management of liquid and solid dental waste at dental clinics is required, and hygiene and environmental training for workers at dental clinics is necessary.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2020

Whole lung lavage (WLL) is a therapeutic procedure to remove accumulated material by infusing and draining the lungs with lavage fluid. This procedure has been regarded as the current standard of care to treat pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. However, the WLL protocol has not yet been standardized and the technique has been refined and modified a number of times. A rapid infusion system is a device used to infuse blood or other fluids at precise rates and normothermic conditions. This device is not typically used in WLL, which relies on the passive infusion of fluids using the gravitational force. However, in this study we performed WLL using a rapid infusion system, since we aimed to take advantage of its shorter operation time and greater degree of control over fluid volume and temperature. The patient's symptoms improved without the occurrence of any complications.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.22-32
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• 1997

The gastrointestinal disorders (GI disorders) is one of the most common diseases in Korea. The community pharmacists are often faced with the complaints of symptoms due to the GI disorders. However the drugs used to treat the GI disorders are frequently abused by the patients themselves because these drugs are easily available and have high placebo effects. Therefore, we have reviewed the digestive diseases statistics of 1996 to find out the frequencies of the GI disorders in the outpatients of Samsung Medical Center. Using these statistic data, we figured out the frequently diagnosed GI disorders and analysed commonly used prescriptions from February 1st to 28th of 1997. In addition, we also evaluated the commonly used drugs in these prescriptions. About twenty thousands of patients visited the hopital because of their GI symptoms in 1996. It was found that dyspepsia, viral hepatitis, and gastric and duodenal ulcer disease are frequently diagnosed in these patients. In a point of view on other GI disorders, gastritis and duodenitis, irritable bowel syndrome, gastroesophageal reflux disease, constipation and diarrhea were commonly detected. And a number of drugs were prescribed to treat the GI disorders, which included the prokinetics, Histamine-2 receptor antagonists, proton pump inhibitor, antacids, tranquillizers, antidepressants, antispasmodics, laxatives and so on. Interestingly, there were many prescriptions composing of the antibiotic regimens to eradicate H. pylori which has been proven to cause peptic ulcers.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2004년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.503-508
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• 2004

Optimal remediation design using the pump and treat(P&T) method and natural attenuation was accomplished in consideration for degradation processes, such as sorption and first-order decay rate. Variation of both sorption and first-order decay rate has influence on design of optimal remediation application. When sorption effect increases, the more pumping rate and pumping wells are required. The location of operated wells is on the centerline of contaminant plume and wells near hot spot are mainly operated when sorption effect increases. The higher of first-order decay rate, the less pumping rate is required. These results show that the degradation processes have to be considered as one of the essential factors for optimal remediation design.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2002년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.58-61
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• 2002

An alternative to pump and treat groundwater remediation is the use of reactive barriers. Zero valent iron (ZVI) is particularly useful as a reductant of chlorinated hydrocarbons because of its low cost and lack of toxicity ZVI can drive the dechlorination of chlorinated organic compounds and the reduction of chromium from the Cr(Ⅵ) to the Cr(III) state. The contaminants in subsurface environment usually exist as the mixed compounds. Therefore, the objective of this research is to study the effect of the other compounds on TCE removal by ZVI. The removal mechanism of TCE by ZVI is separated the dechlorination and sorption. TCE removal by ZVI slightly increased in presence of naphthalene as the non-reduced compound. TCE removal by ZVI remarkable decreased in presence of carbon tetrachloride, nitrate, and chromate as the reduced compounds. This research suggests that the effect of the coexisted compounds on the removal chlorinated compounds by reactive barrier technology should be considered for practical application.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2001년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.79-82
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• 2001

Analytical solutions have been derived to delineate the capture zone created by pumping wells for the remediation design of contaminated groundwater. These previous analytical solutions are often restricted to pumping wells only, specific well locations, a limited number of wells, and an isotropic aquifer. Analytical solution was developed to deal with arbitrarily located multi injection-pumping wells in an anisotropic homogeneous aquifer. The solution presented in this study provides a simple, easy method for determining tile complex flow field caused by multi injection-pumping wells at different rates, and will consequently be useful in pump-and-treat design.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.39-49
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• 1992

The dynamic design object of rotor system is to optimize the system in stability at the operating speed, unbalance response in the vicinity of the rotor critical speed, bearing weighting and system weighting. In conventional optimization method, designers have to set mathematical modeling, such as objective function, constraints and design parameters, strictly and quantitavely. But in actual design process, they do not treat all of these values strictly and some of them are somehow "fuzziness". So, considering boundary conditions of seal diameter, clearance, and length in a typical double suction centrifugal pump is fuzzy, this paper is considered fuzzy in constraints. Fuzzy method is used .alpha.-level cut method. Then, the optimum dimensions of seal according to values are obtained and vibration characteristics are investigated.estigated.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2003년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.217-221
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• 2003

Variation of decision variables for optimal remediation using the pump-and-treat method is examined to estimate the effect of the degree of concentration constraint. Simulation-optimization method using genetic algorithm is applied to minimize the total pumping volume. In total volume minimization strategy, the remediation time increases rapidly prior to significant increase in pumping rates. When the concentration constraint is set severer, the more wells are required and the well on the down-gradient direction from the plume hot-spot gives more efficient remediation performance than that on the hot-spot position. These results show that the more profitable strategy for remediation can be achieved by increasing the required remediation time than raising the pumping rate until the time reaches a certain limitation level. So, the remediation time has to be considered as one of the essential decision variables fer optimal remediation design.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2002년도 학술대회지
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• pp.699-702
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• 2002

Shunt valves implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of brain to treat patient with hydrocephalus were numerically simulated to investigate influence of pressure pulsation on their flow control characteristics. Shunt valves are subjected to pressure variation since ventricles enclosing the brain are under pressure pulsation rather than uniform pressure due to blood pressure variation. We modeled flow orifice through shunt valve and imposed pulsating pressure and valve diaphragm movement to compute flow through the valve. The results of our study indicated that flow rate increased by $40{\%}$ by introducing pressure pulsation and diaphragm movement on the shunt valve. Our results demonstrate the pressure-flow control characteristics of shunt valves unplanted above human brain may be quite different from the characteristics obtained by syringe pump test with uniform pressure and no diaphragm movement.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제55권12호
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• pp.491-493
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• 2012

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-associated esophageal ulcer is rare in immunocompetent infants. The presence of inclusion bodies and immunohistochemical staining for CMV in biopsy specimens obtained during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) indicate that such ulcers occur because of CMV infection. A 7-week-old female infant who experienced frequent vomiting and feeding intolerance was diagnosed with a massive CMV-associated ulcer in the distal esophagus. The ulcer improved after conservative treatment using proton-pump inhibitors; however, ganciclovir was not administered. In a follow-up EGD biopsy specimen, no CMV inclusion bodies were present, and immunohistochemical staining results for this virus were negative. The presence of CMV inclusion bodies indicates active viral replication. If persistent inclusion bodies or positive immunohistochemical staining for CMV is observed in follow-up biopsy specimens, ganciclovir may be used to treat CMV-associated esophageal ulcers.