• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.57 no.12
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• pp.2351-2357
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• 2008

Noninvasive radial artery pulse wave has been widely used not only for the pulse wave analysis(PWA) itself but also for assessment of arterial stiffness with estimated aortic pulse wave from peripheral pulse wave. However, it has been found that the deformation of pulse shape can be caused readily by changing measuring position, indentation pressure, and so on. So, in this study, we have developed a system which can measure radial pulse wave and skin displacement simultaneously while the indentation body goes down to occlude subject's radial artery. This system can be divided into a measuring apparatus part, an indentation control hardware part, a data acquisition part and a control and computation part. And, the measuring apparatus consists of an arm-rest, a step motor, an indentation body, a laser displacement sensor(LK-G30, Keyence Co.) and pulse wave sensor. Under load-free condition and radial artery loaded condition, the evaluation of developed system has been performed. From these results, we can conclude: 1) The developed system can control the indentation body quantitatively and the adopted laser displacement sensor shows linear output characteristic even with skin as a reflector. 2) This system can measure the pulse wave and the displacement of indentation body, that is, skin displacement simultaneously at each specific level of indentation body. 3) This system can provide the number of motor steps used to get down the indentation body, the measured skin displacement, the calculated indentation pressure, the calculated pulse pressure and the pulse waveform as well as the information generated by combining these with each others. 4) This system can reveal the relationship between the morphological changes of pulse wave and the estimated displacement of radial artery wall by indentation. Consequently, the developed system can furnish more abundant information on radial artery than previous diagnosis systems based on tonometric measurement. In further study, we expect to setup the standard measuring process and to concrete the algorithm for the estimation of radial artery's diameter and of displacement of radial artery's wall. Furthermore, with well designed clinical studies, we hope to turn out the usefulness of developed system in the field of cardiovascular system evaluation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.78-83
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• 2014

To minimize the financial loss due to power facility malfunction, on-line diagnostic techniques are required to grasp any abnormal state of facilities in the live line as well as devices to diagnose abnormal states of power facility in an easy and prompt manner. This study aims to develop a portable UV detecting system by means of UV sensors for easier and efficient inspection of the degradation state of power facility in a long distance. Accordingly, it includes a simulation of corona discharges that may occur due to degradation of power facility and detection of ultraviolet pulse generation depending on the corona discharge intensity and measuring distance in application of UV sensors. Additionally, the optimal algorithm is determined for its application to the system's degradation diagnosis program based on the measured experiment data.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.219-228
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• 2009

The growing application and the numerous qualities of induction motors (1M) in industrial processes that require high security and reliability levels has led to the development of multiple methods for early fault detection. However, various faults can occur, such as stator short-circuits and rotor failures. Traditionally the diagnosis machine is done through a sinusoidal power supply, in the present paper we study experimentally the effects of the rotor failures, such as broken rotor bars in function of the ac supplying, the load and show the impact of the converter from diagnosis of the machine. The technique diagnosis used is based on the spectral analysis of stator currents or stator voltages respectively according to the types of induction motor ac supplying. So, four different ac supplying are considered: ${\odot}$ the IM is directly by the balanced three-phase network voltage source, ${\odot}$ the IM is fed by a sinusoidal current source given the controlled by hysteresis, ${\odot}$ the IM is fed (in open loop) by a scalar control imposing through ratio V/f=constant, ${\odot}$ the IM is controlled through a vector control using space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique inverter with an outer speed loop.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.607-614
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• 2011

This paper describes the development of pulse code modulation(PCM) data recorder with design, implementation and environmental test. PCM serial data that diverged from telemetry encoder output is used as the input and is reformed to parallel signal through FPGA processing. Controllers construct the packet by the sector and record it into non-volatile memory. Compact flash(CF) memory for data storage media, USB interface for data downloading, and a software for operating status diagnosis and file format conversion are used.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.107-126
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• 2008

Background : There was seldom study about method that diagnose 8 Constitution beside method of pulse diagnosis in 8 Constitution Medicine. Objectives : This study is to make out 8 Constitution Medicine Diagnosis Expert System Development used CBR(Case based Reasoning). Methods : First, at case base construction process we constructed case base for CBR embodiment because gathering 925 cases all to patient who constitution is verified, and second, at study model establishment process superior expert system development by purpose CBR of reasoning process dividing fundamental type CBR that spend basis data value and expert type CBR that reflect weight in basis data value accordin I II III to advice expert opinion, and third, system embodiment process explained about way to give process and weight that diagnose constitution through Nearest Neighbor Method sampling process of CBR techniques, and fourth, at system estimation process we selected superior CBR model because comparing and estimate the diagnosis rate of expert system with fundamental type system (GECBR) model and expert type I II III CBR system (AVCBR, AACBR, AGCBR) model that reflect expert opinion in fundamental type system. GECBR and AGCBR chose on superior study model. Through such 4 study process, we developed 8 constitution diagnosis expert system lastly. Results : 1. When we select GECBR that is fundamental type by reasoning system, diagnosis rate 78.91% of 8 constitution diagnosis expert system is expected, and the constitution diagnosis rate Hepatonia 90.4%, Cholecystonia 63.0%, Pancreotonia 91.1%, Gastrotonia 0%, Pulmotonia 71.2%, Colonotonia 74.4%, Renotonia 37.5%, Vesicotonia 67.1% expect. 2. When we select AGCBR that is expert type III by reasoning system, diagnosis rate 77.51% of 8 constitution diagnosis expert system is expected, and the constitution diagnosis rate Hepatonia 93.4%, Cholecystonia 58.5%, Pancreotonia 91.1%, Gastrotonia 0%, Pulmotonia 73.1%, Colonotonia 64.4%, Renotonia 41.7%, Vesicotonia 72.2% expect. Conclusion : Based on this study, 8 constitution diagnosis expert system may give help to diagnose 8 constitution, and it is going to utilize as objective estimation tool of 8 constitution diagnosis, and further study for 8 Constitution Medicine Diagnosis Expert System Development used CBR(Case based Reasoning) is needed to supplement this study.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.142-184
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• 2008

Background: There was seldom study about method that diagnose 8 Constitution beside method of pulse diagnosis in 8 Constitution Medicine. Objectives: This study is to make out 8 Constitution Medicine Diagnosis Expert System Development used CBR(Case based Reasoning). Methods: First, at case base construction process we constructed case base for CBR embodiment because gathering 925 cases all to patient who constitution is verified, and second, at study model establishment process superior expert system development by purpose CBR of reasoning process dividing fundamental type CBR that spend basis data value and expert type I II III CBR that reflect weight in basis data value according to advice expert opinion, and third, system embodiment process explained about way to give process and weight that diagnose constitution through Nearest Neighbor Method sampling process of CBR techniques, and fourth, at system estimation process we selected superior CBR model because comparing and estimate the diagnosis rate of expert system with fundamental type system (GECBR) model and expert type I II III CBR system (AVCBR, AACBR, AGCBR) model that reflect expert opinion in fundamental type system. GECBR and AGCBR chose on superior study model. Through such 4 study process, we developed 8 constitution diagnosis expert system lastly. Results: 1. When we select GECBR that is fundamental type by reasoning system, diagnosis rate 78.91% of 8 constitution diagnosis expert system is expected, and the constitution diagnosis rate Hepatonia 90.4%, Cholecystonia 63.0%, Pancreotonia 91.1%, Gastrotonia 0%, Pulmotonia 71.2%, Colonotonia 74.4%, Renotonia 37.5%, Vesicotonia 67.1% expect. 2. When we select AGCBR that is expert type III by reasoning system, diagnosis rate 77.51% of 8 constitution diagnosis expert system is expected, and the constitution diagnosis rate Hepatonia 93.4%, Cholecystonia 58.5%, Pancreotonia 91.1%, Gastrotonia 0%, Pulmotonia 73.1%, Colonotonia 64.4%, Renotonia 41.7%, Vesicotonia 72.2% expect. Conclusion: Based on this study, 8 constitution diagnosis expert system may give help to diagnose 8 constitution, and it is going to utilize as objective estimation tool of 8 constitution diagnosis, and further study for 8 Constitution Medicine Diagnosis Expert System Development used CBR(Case based Reasoning) is needed to supplement this study.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07c
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• pp.2919-2922
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• 2003

In this paper, we present a new methodology to analyze the characteristics of artery by using 4 channels photophethysmography. The proposed parameter is a time difference of pulse transit time (PTT) between pulse waves at finger site and at toe site. As the results of experiments, the change of parameter was found according to ages. The result of regression analysis about relationships between the parameter and ages for n=51, the coefficient of correlation of non-normalized data has -0.79770 in left side and -0.80599 in right side and the coefficient of correlation of normalized data by height has -0.81345 in left side and -0.81605 in right side.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.23-46
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• 2005

Background and purpose: Maek Kyoung(脈經) is a book written, compiled, and edited by Wang Hui circa 3 A.D. This book is the first technical book devoted to the diagnostics. These are very important data but never make a special study and translate. so I hope this treatise can be great help to understand diagnosis study. Methods: Maek Kyoung(脈經) consists of ten volumes, and the third volume consists of the five chapters, including inter-generation and inter-restriction of the five viscera and the six entrails and prognosis of diseases. This treatise is made up of principal, notes, study and conclusion, we tried to make a translation faithful to the original. Results and Conclusion: Chapter 3 refers to five things. The first is relation between spleen and stomach, the second is how to diagnose diseases by using intergneration and inter-restriction of five elements, the third is roles of spleen that has an influence on four viscera through four seasons, the forth is the fact that quantity of gastroqi decides prognosis of diseases, and the fifth is that climate change has influence on the seriousness of diseases. Chapter 4 refers to four things. The first is relation between lung and large intestines, the second is ordinary and extraordinary pulse condition of lung, the third is that pulse condition including its speed, and the forth is how to diagnose diseases by using intergneration and inter-restriction of five elements and climate change.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.59-70
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• 2012

Objectives : Pulse diagnosis by Expert is the only way to classify 8 Constitutions so the study to supplement classifying method by the questionnaire has developed and modified and ECM-32 System has designed in 2010. But analyzing with Decision tree had many nodes and 32 important questions omitted while processing the data. So this study was to classify the 8 constitution patients into 2 groups first and analyze its characters in consecutive order. Methods : The participants of this study were 1027 patients who classified into one of the 8 constitutions according to pulse diagnosis and answered 251 questionnaires in 2010. They were divided into sympathetic nerve acceleration constitution and parasympathetic nerve acceleration constitution and analyzed with decision tree. Results : The reponses of the questionnaire were analyzed with 4 methods of 5 scales interval method from 0 to 5, Na, Low(1,2), Medium(3), High(4,5), average value, Y/N dichotomy. Average Value had no significance. 1. From the 5 scale interval method 6 questionnaires with 7 nodes (F5e, B1d, F7f, F2a, F1b, C4L) were significant. The accuracy was 92.5%. 2. From L, M, H method 7 questionnaires with 7 nodes(F5e, B1d, F7f, F1a, B1c, C4L, P3d) were significant. The accuracy was 92.5%. 3. From Y/N dichotomy 9 questionnaires with 9 nodes( F5e, B1d, F7f, F1a, B1c, C4L, B1b, P1i, B2a) were significant. The accuracy was 93.18%. Conclusions : Based on this study, Yes or No dichotomy method was most significant and categorized among the 4 methods. Unlike previous studies which used interval scale method only, Y/N dichotomy method was more statistically significant with the questionnaire to supplement the method of pulse diagnosis. For further study by analyzing decision tree method in consecutive order, the patients can be divided into 8 Constitutions with higher significance with less questionnaires.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.34-41
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• 2012

Objectives In this study, we developed a mock-up of the system for Sasang Constitutional (SC) diagnosis. This system consists of 5 devices which are the face analyzer, the voice analyzer, the skin analyzer, the pulse analyzer, and the computer-based questionnaire. Our goal is to evaluate the repeatability of the system. Methods Each device is capable of classifying SC types. The classification probability of the integrated system for the SC types was obtained by summing the probability from each device. For evaluating the repeatability of the system, we collected data for 5 subjects, and repeated the measurement three times for each individual. The average and standard deviation were used for calculating the Coefficient of Variation. Results The results showed that the repeatability of the classification probability of the integrated system is about 8%, which implies the system is repeatable. Conclusions To increase usability of this system, it is desirable for the system to offer information on health condition of the user. The integrated constitutional diagnosis system will be upgraded to complement the convenience and to develop the diagnostic algorithm for the user's health condition.