• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.3-6
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• 2008

Electrolytic in-process dressing (ELID) grinding is a new technique for achieving a nanoscale surface finish on hard and brittle materials such as optical glass and ceramics. This process applies an electrochemical dressing on the metal-bonded diamond wheels to ensure constant protrusion of sharp cutting grits throughout the grinding cycle. In conventional ELID grinding, a constant source of pulsed DC power is supplied to the ELID cell, but a feedback mechanism is necessary to control the dressing power and obtain better performance. In this study, we propose a new closed-loop wheel dressing technique for grinding wheel truing that addresses the efficient correction of eccentric wheel rotation and the nonuniformity in the grinding wheel profile. The technique relies on an iterative control algorithm for the ELID power supply. An inductive sensor is used to measure the wheel profile based on the gap between the sensor head and wheel edge, and this is used as the feedback signal to control the pulse width of the power supply. We discuss the detailed mathematical design of the control algorithm and provide simulation results that were confirmed experimentally.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.140-145
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• 2010

The simultaneous detection of Cd (II), Pb (II), Cu (II), and Hg (II) ions in aqueous medium using a BDD electrode with DPASV is described. XPS was used to characterize the chemical states of trace metal ions deposited on the BDD electrode surface. Experimental parameters that affect response, such as pH, deposition time, deposition potential, and pulse amplitude were carefully optimized. The detection limits for Cd (II), Pb (II), Cu (II), and Hg (II) ions were 3.5 ppb, 2.0 ppb, 0.1 ppb and 0.7 ppb, respectively. The application of the BDD electrode on the electrochemical pretreatment for the simultaneous metal detection in the dye waste water was also investigated.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.553-567
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• 2001

Electrodeposition technology is widely used in industry for various kinds of coatings. Modifications in this technology led to several processes to meet various requirements. Electrolysis in ionic liquids has many advantages such as low energy consumption of energy, low pollutant emission and low operating costs. Although ionic liquids have already been used in liquid/liquid extraction processes, only recently their use in electrodeposition was exploited. Electrochemical deposition of composites is an expanding area. Coupled with the progress in the synthesis of nanometric powder, this research will open a large number of innovative materials. Pulse current plating is another electrodeposition technique which yields improved coatings. Although electrodeposition is now regarded as an environmental non-friendly process, it is economically viable and has many inherent advantages. For certain applications, alternatives to electrodeposition have not yet been fully implemented. Hence, continued research in this technology is warranted. This article reviews some recent advances in electrodeposition technology. Aspects of electrodeposition such as electrolysis in ionic liquids, electrodeposition of composites, pulse current plating techniques, metal and alloy deposition, compound deposition and effects of additives are discussed in this review.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.673-679
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• 1991

The electrochemical reduction of N-tert-butylbenzothiazole-2-sulfenamide (TBBS; vulcanization accelerator) was investigated by direct current, differential pulse polarography, cyclic voltammetry and controlled potential coulometry. The electrode reduction of TBBS proceeded E-C-E-C reaction mechanism by four electrons transfer at irreversible one wave (-2.31 volts vs. Ag/0.1M AgN$O_3$ in AN). As the results of controlled potential electrolysis, mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), benzothiazole disulfide (MBT dimer) and extricated sulfur were products which followed by cleavage of the sulfenamide (-S-N=) bond. Upon the basis of products analysis and polarogram interpretation with pH variable, electrochemical reaction mechanism was suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.680-688
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• 1991

The electrochemical reduction of N-oxyldiethylenebenzothiazole-2-sulfenamide (ODBS; vulcanization accelerator) was investigated by direct current polarography, differential pulse polarography, cyclic voltammetry and controlled potential coulometry. The irreversible electrode reduction of ODBS proceeded E-C-E-C reaction mechanism by three electrons transfer with irreversible one wave (-1.86 volts vs. Ag/0.1 M AgN$O_3$ in AN). As the results of controlled potential electrolysis, mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), benzothiazole disulfide (MBT dimer) and extricated sulfur were products which followed by cleavage of the sulfenamide (-S-N=) bond. Upo the basis of products analysis and polarogram interpretation witli pH variable, electrochemical reaction mechanism was suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.374-378
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• 1991

The electrochemical reduction behavior of Bilirubin (BR) in phosphate buffer (pH 7.8) solution was studied by DC polarography, differential pulse polarography, cyclic voltammetry and controlled potential coulometry. In DC polarogram, two reduction waves of BR were found. The half wave potentials of two reduction waves were -1.32 and -1.51 volts vs. Ag/AaCl respectively. The current type of 1st reduction wave was diffusion-controlled and the 2$^{nd}$ reduction wave was diffusion current containing a little kinetic current. The electrochemical reduction process of BR at each reduction step was all irreversible. The prewave appeared at lower concentration than 3.4 ${\times}$ 10$^{-4}$M, this prewave was identified as adsorption prewave. And the number of electron transfered in reduction steps, n$_{app}$ was two for the 1st reduction step and one for the 2$^{nd}$ reduction step.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.130-135
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• 2015

The rate capability and low-temperature characteristics of graphite electrode are investigated after surface treatment with copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) or phthalocyanine (Pc). Uniform coating layers comprising amorphous carbon or copper are generated after the treatment. The rate performance of graphite electrodes is enhanced by the surface treatment, which is more prominent with CuPc. The resistance of the graphite electrode estimated from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and pulse resistance measurement is the smallest for the CuPc-treated graphite. It is likely that the amorphous carbon layer formed by the decomposition of Pc facilitates $Li^+$ diffusion and the metallic copper derived from CuPc improves the electrical conductivity of the graphite electrode.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2017

In this paper, for the first time, the electroanalytical study of Triethylenediamine, TEDA was done on a typically graphene modified carbon paste electrode (Gr/CPE) in pH=10.5 of phosphate buffer solutions (PBS). The surface morphology of the bare and modified electrodes was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The electro-oxidation of TEDA was investigated at the surface of modified electrode. The results revealed that the oxidation peak current of TEDA at the surface of Gr/CPE is 2.70 times than that shown at bare-CPE. A linear calibration plot was observed in the range of 1.0 to 202.0 ppm. In this way, the detection limit was found to be 0.18 ppm. The method was then successfully applied to determination of TEDA in aqueous samples obtained from two kinds of activated carbon from the masks of war. On the other hand, density functional theory (DFT) method at B3LYP/6-311++G** level of theory and a conductor-like Polarizable Continuum Model (CPCM) was used to calculate the $pK_a$ values of TEDA. The energies of lowest unoccupied molecular orbital ($E_{LUMO}$) and highest occupied molecular orbital ($E_{HOMO}$), gap energy (${\Delta}E$) and some thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbs free energy of TEDA and its conjugate acid ($HT^+$) were calculated. The results of calculated $pK_a$ were found to be in good agreement with the experimental values.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.93-98
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• 2023

In this paper, an artificial neural network based on simulated annealing was constructed. The mapping relationship between the parameters of micro-scaled flow channels electrochemical machining and the channel shape was established by training the samples. The depth and width of micro-scaled flow channels electrochemical machining on stainless steel surface were predicted, and the flow channels experiment was carried out with pulse power supply in NaNO3 solution to verify the established network model. The results show that the depth and width of the channel predicted by the simulated annealing artificial neural network with "4-7-2" structure are very close to the experimental values, and the error is less than 5.3%. The predicted and experimental data show that the etching degree in the process of channels electrochemical machining is closely related to voltage and current density. When the voltage is less than 5V, a "small island" is formed in the channel; When the voltage is greater than 40V, the lateral etching of the channel is relatively large, and the "dam" between the channels disappears. When the voltage is 25V, the machining morphology of the channel is the best.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.269-272
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• 2002

This work describes the use of neural networks (NNs) for interpreting voltammetric data, i.e., current-voltage spectra that obtained from the electrochemical reaction of analyte species at a gold electrode. Current-voltage spectra of glucose, fructose and ascorbic acid in mixtures obtained from dual-pulse staircase voltammetry (DPSV) was in the form of the mixed responses contain characteristics of the individual analytes approximately in proportion to their concentration. Extraction of individual analyte concentration from combined data was subsequently achieved using NNs. The combination of DPSV and NNs opens a possibility for simultaneous determination of mixtures of the species for fruit juices quality monitoring.