• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.28-35
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• 2001

Purpose : Authors investigated the efficiency of preoperative MRI in suspicious glomus tumor and the clinical outcomes after marginal excision. Materials and Methods : In 10 cases of glomus tumors in the fingers, authors retrospectively analyzed the clinical data, including previous trauma, treatment history, preoperative symptoms, physical examination, plain radiography, MRI (9 cases), pathological findings and postoperative complications. Results : The patients had pain in 10 cases, tenderness in 9 cases, cold sensitivity in 3 cases and edema in one case. MRI showed low signal (3 cases) or iso-signal (5) intensity on T1 weighted image, high signal intensity (8) on T2 weighted image, and all the lesions were enhanced in gadolinium enhancement images. The exact locations of glomus tumors were median in 6 cases, lateral in 5, lateral fold in 2 and pulp in 3 in transverse section and nail bed in 5 cases and nail matrix in 5 in sagittal section. Marginal excision was performed by lateral approach in one case and transungual in 9 cases. Histologically, all 10 cases were composed of solid sheets of round cells interrupted by thin-walled blood vessels. Most of clinical symptoms were disappeared in all cases after operation. Nail deformity was found in one case, which was originated from nail matrix, however, there was no recurrence. Summary : Clinical symptom was the most impotant factor in diagnosis of glomus tumor in the fingers. However, preoperative MRIs were helpful in patients, who had obscure pain or prolonged clinical symptoms with suspicious glomus tumors. Preoperative MRI might be one of the most useful tools for establishing the exact diagnosis and detecting the location of glomus tumors, in spite of the relatively high expenses.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.433-445
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• 1995

Tooth movement, the phenomena and mechanisms of which are still controversial, can be considered as part of the result of the inflammatory processes. The purpose of this study was to examine the activity of macrophage and T-cell, playing important roles in the immune reaction, in the periodontal ligament of dog, in which experimental tooth movement was performed. Six one and half year-old dogs, a control and 5 experimentals, were studied. Light force (50-75g) was applied by placing open-coil spring between left mandibular premolars ; heavy force (250-300g), between right mandibular premolars. Experimental dogs were sacrificed at 12 hours, 1, 3, 7 and 14 days since force application, respectively. And the histologic and the immunohistochemical evaluation on the obtained tissue were performed, using $\alpha$-1-antichymotrypsin and CD3 antibodies. The results were as follows : 1. There were more inflammatory cell infiltrations in heavy force group than in light force group until 3 days. But from 7 dsays on, no difference was not observed between groups ; Such an infiltration was more evident at pressure side than at tension side. 2. Osteoclastic activity at pressure side began to be seen in 12 hours, increasing until 7 days. After then it decreased ; Such an activity was more evident in heavy force group than in light force group. 3. Tearing of periodontal ligament and vascular dilatation at tension side began to be seen in 12 hours, increasing until 3 days. After then it decreased ; Such an observation was more evident in heavy force group than in light force group, but there was no difference between groups in 14 days. 4. $\alpha$-1-antichymotrypsin expression in control group was positive, mainly in sulcular epithelium, but negative in periodontal membrane, pulp, bone cells. 5. $\alpha$-1-antichymotrypsin expression in experimental group was more positive in pressure side than in tension side ; The expression was a little more positive in cervical area of tooth until 3 days, but after 7days, it was more positive in apical area. 6. $\alpha$-1-antichymotrypsin expression in light force group began to be observed in 12 hours and reached to the greatest level in 7 days, after which it decreased ; In heavy force group, it was the greatest in 3 days, after which it decreased. 3 Expression in the periodontium was almost negative.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.411-415
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• 2009

Some microorganisms are capable of leaching Mn(II) from nonsulfidic manganese ores indirectly via nonenzymatic processes. Such reductive dissolution requires organic substrates, such as glucose, sucrose, or galactose, as a source of carbon and energy for microbial growth. This study investigated characteristics of Mn(II) leaching from manganese nodules by using heterotrophic Bacillus sp. strain MR2 provided with corn starch as a less-expensive substrate. Leaching of Mn(II) at 25.6 g Mn(II) $kg^{-1}$ nodule $day^{-1}$ was accompanied with cell growth, but part of the produced Mn(II) re-adsorbed onto residual $MnO_2$ particles after 24 h. Direct contact of cells to manganese nodule was not necessary as a separation between them with a dialysis tube produced similar amount [24.6 g Mn(II) $kg^{-1}$ nodule $day^{-1}$]. These results indicated an involvement of extracellular diffusible compound(s) during Mn(II) leaching by strain MR2. In order to optimize a leaching process we tested factors that influence the reaction, and the most efficient conditions were $25\sim35^{\circ}C$, pH 5~7, inoculum density of 1.5~2.5% (v/v), pulp density of 2~3 g/L, and particle size <75 ${\mu}m$. Although Mn(II) leaching was enhanced as particle size decrease, we suggest <212 ${\mu}m$ as a proper size range since more grinding means more energy consumption The results would help for the improvement of bioleaching of manganese nodule as a less expensive, energy-efficient, and environment-friendly technology as compared to the existing physicochemical metal recovery technologies.