• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.194-204
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• 2000

Echocardiography was performed to obtain the optimal planes for diagnosis of canine heartworm disease in 11 dogs. Imaging planes were taken the left ventricular outflow tract long-axis view, 4-chamber long-axis view, chordae tendineae level short-axis view and modified pulmonary arteries level short-axis view in the right parasternal window, and aptical 4-chamber long-axis view in hte left parasternal window. After echocaridography, the pulmonary artery valve pat was ligated with double 1-0 silk under the general anesthesia to prevent heartworm moving from pulmonary artery to right ventricle. The dogs were euthanized and examained for heartworms in heart and great vessels. Many adult heartworms were identified ultrasonographically within main pulmonary artery, bifurcation of pulmonary artery and right pulmonary artery, but not identified within right ventricle and atrium. At necropsy, adult heartworms were mainly found in pulmonary artery in 11 days, and also found in right ventricular outflow tract and right ventricle in 2 of 11 dogs. The modified pulmonary arteries level short-axis view was the best imaging plane for identifiying heartworms because the main pulmonary artery, branches of pulmonary artery and right pulmonary artery could be showed. The aortic root internal dimension (AOID) and right pulmonary atery internal dimension (RPAID) were measured from the modified pulmonary ateries level short-axis view and left ventricular outflow tract long-axis view. The RPAID and RPAID/AOID was higher in heartworm infected dogs than normal Korea Jin-do dogs in modified pulmonary arteries level short-axis view, and the AOID, RPAID and RPIAID/AOID was higher than in left ventricular outflow tract long-axis view, respectively. These results indicate that the pulmonary arteries were the major habitat of adult heartworm in canine heartworm disease and the modified pulmonary arteries level short-axis view was the best imaging planes for identifying heartworms because the main pulmonary arteries could be showed. Therefore the modified pulmonary arteries level short-axis view can be used for diagnosing heartworm disease and for monitoring dilation of pulmonary artery.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.539-542
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• 2004

폐동맥 형태가 비정상적이거나 폐동맥 저항이 높은 경우뿐 아니라 주요 대동맥-폐동맥 측부혈관은 폰탄 수술의 위험을 높이는 인자로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 기능적 단심실과 더불어 양측 폐동맥의 발달이 매우 미약하고 양측 폐의 대부분을 주요 체-폐동맥 부행혈관에 의해 혈류가 공급되는 고위험 폰탄수술 환자에서, 단일초점화수술과 체폐동맥 단락술로 폐동맥 재건과 단계적 수술을 거쳐 성공적으로 폰탄수술에 이르렀기에 이를 보고하는 바이다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.441-447
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• 2016

Despite the complex vascular effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX), its actions on human pulmonary resistance arteries remain unknown. The present study tested the hypothesis that DEX inhibits vascular tension in human pulmonary arteries through the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) mediated production of nitric oxide (NO). Pulmonary artery segments were obtained from 62 patients who underwent lung resection. The direct effects of DEX on human pulmonary artery tension and changes in vascular tension were determined by isometric force measurements recorded on a myograph. Arterial contractions caused by increasing concentrations of serotonin with DEX in the presence or absence of L-NAME (endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), yohimbine (${\alpha}_2$-adrenoceptor antagonist) and indomethacin (cyclooxygenase inhibitor) as antagonists were also measured. DEX had no effect on endothelium-intact pulmonary arteries, whereas at concentrations of $10^{-8}{\sim}10^{-6}mol/L$, it elicited contractions in endothelium-denuded pulmonary arteries. DEX (0.3, 1, or $3{\times}10^{-9}mmol/L$) inhibited serotonin-induced contraction in arteries with intact endothelium in a dose-dependent manner. L-NAME and yohimbine abolished DEX-induced inhibition, whereas indomethacin had no effect. No inhibitory effect was observed in endothelium-denuded pulmonary arteries. DEX-induced inhibition of vasoconstriction in human pulmonary arteries is mediated by NO production induced by the activation of endothelial ${\alpha}_2$-adrenoceptor and nitric oxide synthase.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.247-254
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• 2007

This study was performed to identify the normal anatomic orientation of pulmonary arteries and to obtain the normal baseline parameters and the optimal contrast material delivery methods of computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) on normal beagle dogs. Based on the contrast injection flow rate, the contrast volume, and the administration methods, the experimental groups were divided into 4 groups such as group 1 : 2 ml/s, 3 ml/kg, and monophasic administration; group 2 : 5 ml/s, 3 ml/kg, and monophasic administration; group 3 : 5 ml/s, 4 ml/kg, and monophasic administration; group 4 : 5 ml/s and 2 ml/kg in first phase, 0.3 ml/s and 2 ml/kg in second phase, as biphasic administration. Normal anatomic orientation of pulmonary arteries in CTPA was evaluated through reformatted and 3D images after retro-reconstruction. Normal parameters for great arteries and peripheral pulmonary arteries were obtained on the factor of basement hounsfield unit (HU) values, contrast enhanced HU values, delay time, and peak time. And the optimal contrast delivery methods were evaluated on the factor of contrast enhanced HU values, image quality, and artifact. The monophasic administration with 5 ml/s contrast injection flow rate and 3 ml/kg contrast volume was optimal in canine CTPA.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.716-718
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• 1992

In pulmonary arteriovenous fistula, there are abnormal communications between the pulmonary arteries and the pulmonary veins; the capillary networks that normally separate arteries from veins is absent. The only available treatment of this uncommon variety is an excision. We report a case of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula cured by segmentectomy with a review of literatures.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2000

Fifteen adult Korea Jin-do dogs were studied by echocardiography to obtain the basic data of the imaging planes and normal references ranges to the aorta and pulmonary artery internal dimension. Measurements of aortic root internal dimension(AOID) and right pulmonary artery internal dimension (RPAID) were made at modified pulmonary arteries level short-axis view and left ventricular outflow tract long-axis view. The aortic root internal dimension and right pulmonary artery internal dimension at modified pulmonary arteries level short-axis view were 18.7$\pm$1.3mm (mean$\pm$SD) and 10.1$\pm$0.8mm, respectively. And RPAID/AOID was 0.5$\pm$0.1mm. The aortic root internal dimension and right pulmonary artery internal dimension at left ventricular outflow tract long-axis view were 19.3$\pm$1.6 mm and 10.7$\pm$1.3mm, respectively. And RPAID/AOID was 0.5$\pm$0.1mm. These results indicate that modified pulmonary arteries level short-axis view is useful planes to examine the aortic root and pulmonary arteries, and aortic root internal dimension is significantly higher(40~50%)than the right pulmonary artery internal dimension. Therefore measurements of aortic root internal and right pulmonary artery internal dimension can be used for monitoring dilation of pulmonary artery.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.357-361
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• 1990

The pulmonary sequestration is rare congenital pulmonary disease with nonfunctioning lung tissue supplied by aberrant arteries arising from systemic arteries-thoracic aorta, subclavian artery, innominate artery, internal mammary artery, etc. In our country, only 23 cases were reported previously and the majority was intralobar pulmonary sequestration except 2 cases. The patient was 17 year-old man and admitted due to intermittent cough, productive sputum and fever for 8 years. On simple chest P \ulcornerA view, multiple cysts with air-fluid levels were located at left lower lobe area. Aortogram revealed two aberrant arteries arising from thoracic aorta just above the diaphragm. On the operative field, the arteries were 0.7 and 0.3 cm in diameter. Left lower lobectomy was done with ligation of aberrant arteries. The patient was recovered and discharged uneventfully.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1986

Using an experimental model of pulmonary hypertension, the effects of anticonstrictive drugs on the development of pulmonary vascular remodeling and right ventricular hypertrophy were studied. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200~250 gm were used. For the experimental model of pulmonary hypertension, a group of animal was given by a subcutaneous injection of monocrotaline on a dose of 20mg, 40mg, or 60mg per kg of body weight. After 4 weeks of injection, all animals were sacrificed. Another group of animal was given by a subcutaneous injection of monocrotaline in a dose of 40 mg per kg of body weight. The animals were sacrificed, in which they were kept alive for 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks, respectively. For the effects of anticonstrictive drugs on the development of pulmonary vascular remodeling and right ventricular hypertrophy, the animals treated with monocrotaline were given daily by an intraperitoneal injection of phenoxybenzamine in a dose of 1.3mg/kg of body weight, and were given propranolol via their drinking water at a concentration of 400mg/liter. The animals were sacrificed after 4 weeks of administration. The hearts and lungs were examined histopathologically and morphometrically. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The rats treated with monocrotaline showed an interstitial pneumonitis, medial thickening of the pulmonary small arteries and hypertrophy of the right ventricular wall. 2. The medial thickening of the pulmonary arteries in rats treated with monocrotaline was due to muscular hypertrophy and hyperplasia, and the right ventricular hypertrophy was due to hypertrophy of cardiac muscles. Both medial thickening of the pulmonary arteries and hypertrophy of right ventricular wall were more marked with time and with dose. 3. The daily intraperitoneal injection of phenoxybenzamine suppressed significantly the percentage medial thickness of pulmonary small arteries and the index of right ventricular hypertrophy in rats given a single subcutaneous injection of monocrotaline, but propranolol has shown no protective effect on the development of medial thickening of pulmonary arteries and right ventricular hypertrophy in treated with monocrotaline. The results described above suggested that monocrotaline is an alkaloid selectively inducing pulmonary hypertension and that a-adrenergic receptor is responsible for the pathogenesis of monocrotaline induced pulmonary hypertension in rat.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.10-16
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• 1988

Ten patients with tetralogy of Fallot were studied angiocardiographically before a modified Blalock-Taussig shunt and again 25*3.2 months after the previous shunt. All of ten patients had patent previous shunt at the time of follow up examination. Pre-and postoperative diameters of left and right pulmonary artery and descending aorta were measured and pulmonary artery index [the sum of the crossectional areas of the right and left pulmonary arteries standardized by the body surface area] was calculated. The ratio of mean diameter of left and right pulmonary arteries to the diameter of the descending aorta [LPA+RPA/2xDA] was increased postoperatively by 0.20*0.068 [p=0.020]. Mean PAI [pulmonary artery index] increased from 283.8*178.4 mm/m2 BSA to 345.8~144.5 mm/m2 BSA after shunt operation [p=0.019]. This results suggested that the modified Blalock-Taussig shunt was effective to help growth of the pulmonary arteries in most cases of the study populations but the ones with the PAI>233mm*/m* BSA appeared less benefited by Blalock Taussig shunt. Calculation of PAI could be an aid to making a decision whether to perform a one stage corrective surgical procedure or a palliative shunt procedure in the patient with small pulmonary arteries.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.173-175
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• 2004

원발성 폐동맥 육종, 특히 폐동맥 판막에서 기원한 폐동맥 육종은 극히 드물다. 35세 남자 환자가 노작성 호흡곤란과 전신무력감을 주소로 입원하였다. 흉부 컴퓨터 단층촬영, 흉부 자기공명영상, 심장초음파 검사, 폐동맥 조영술상 주 폐동맥 및 양측 폐동맥의 내강에서 커다란 종괴가 관찰되었다. 폐동맥의 원발성 악성 종양으로 생각하고 심폐순환하에 절제를 시행하였다. 폐동맥 판막의 후엽에서 기원한 것으로 보이는 종괴가 폐동맥 판막의 하부에서부터 주폐동맥 및 양측 폐동맥까지 뻗어 있었고, 폐동맥 내막절제술을 통한 종괴의 절제 및 폐동맥 판막 치환술을 시행하였으며, 병리조직학적 검사에서 폐동맥 육종으로 진단되었다.