• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제74권2호
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• pp.56-62
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• 2013

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship of pulmonary function impairment (PFI) and coronary artery calcification (CAC) by multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT), and the effect of pneumoconiosis on CAC or PFI. Methods: Seventy-six subjects exposed to inorganic dusts underwent coronary artery calcium scoring by MDCT, spirometry, laboratory tests, and a standardized questionnaire. CAC was quantified using a commercial software (Rapidia ver. 2.8), and all the subjects were divided into two categories according to total calcium scores (TCSs), either the non-calcified (<1) or the calcified (${\geq}1$) group. Obstructive pulmonary function impairment (OPFI) was defined as forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity ($FEV_1$/FVC, %)<70, and as $FEV_1$/FVC (%){\geq}70 and FVC<80 for restrictive pulmonary function impairment (RPFI) by spirometry. All subjects were classified as either the case (profusion${\geq}1/0$) or the control (profusion${\leq}0/1$) group by pneumoconiosis findings on simple digital radiograph. Results: Of the 76 subjects, 35 subjects (46.1%) had a CAC. Age and hypertension were different significantly between the non-calcified and the calcified group (p<0.05). Subjects with pneumoconiosis were more frequent in the calcified group than those in the non-calcified group (p=0.099). $FEV_1$/FVC (%) was significantly correlated with TCSs (r=-0.316, p=0.005). Subjects with OPFI tended to increase significantly with increasing of TCS (4.82, p=0.028), but not significantly in RPFI (2.18, p=0.140). Subjects with OPFI were significantly increased in the case group compared to those in the control group. Conclusion: CAC is significantly correlated with OPFI, and CAC and OPFI may be affected by pneumoconiosis findings.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제77권1호
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• pp.18-23
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• 2014

Background: Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) have different pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and outcomes than idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The intention of this study was to identify unknown differences between CPFE and IPF by a retrospective comparison of clinical data including baseline and annual changes in pulmonary function, comorbidities, laboratory findings, clinical characteristics and cause of hospitalization. Methods: This study retrospectively enrolled patients with CPFE and IPF who had undergone PFTs once or several times per year during a follow-up period of three years. Baseline clinical characteristics and the annual changes in the pulmonary function during the follow-up period were compared between 26 with CPFE and 42 patients with IPF. Results: The baseline ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity ($FEV_1$/FVC%) in patients with CPFE was lower than that in patients with IPF ($78.6{\pm}1.7$ vs. $82.9{\pm}1.1$, p=0.041). The annual decrease in $FEV_1$/FVC in the CPFE was significantly higher than in the IPF. The annual decreases in diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide and FVC showed no significant differences between the two groups. The symptom durations of cough and sputum were in the CPFE significantly lower than in the IPF. The serum erythrocyte sedimentation rate level at the acute stage was significantly higher than in the IPF. There were no significant differences in the hospitalization rate and pneumonia was the most common cause of hospitalization in both study groups. Conclusion: The annual decrease of $FEV_1$/FVC was in patients with CPFE significantly higher than in the patients with IPF.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.1165-1175
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 한국 대학생들의 기초체력과 신체활동량이 폐기능과 상관관계가 있는지를 분석하고, 성별에 따른 차이를 검증하는데 있다. 건강한 참여자 312명(남성 150명[평균연령: 19.29±1.72세], 여성 160명[평균연령: 19.05±1.17세])은 신체조성, 기초체력, 신체활동량 설문지, 그리고 노력성폐활량(FVC)과 1초간 강제호기량(FEV1)의 폐기능 검사를 수행하였다. 연구결과, 남학생의 폐기능은 우악력과 좌악력, 그리고 배근력과 관련이 있었고, 여학생의 폐기능은 모든 기초체력 하위 요인과 관련이 있었다. 또한 여성의 폐기능은 중강도 신체활동량과 관련이 있는 반면 남성의 폐기능은 신체활동량의 모든 하위 요인과 관련이 있었다. 본 연구의 주요 발견은 폐기능을 개선하기 위해서 남학생은 신체활동량을 증가시키고, 여학생은 기초체력을 향상시킬 필요가 있음을 제안한다. 대학생들의 폐기능을 유지하고 개선시키기 위해서는 폐기능 관련 인자에 대한 성별의 차이를 이해하고, 성별에 맞는 교육적 노력이 필요할 것이다.

• 보험의학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.8-11
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• 2014

Pulmonary function test is a group of tests which are composed of measurement for lung function. Thy are spirometry, blood-gas analysis, lung volumes, exercise test, diffusion capacity, and bronchial challenge test. In this article, I will review the pulmonary function test and it's application in terms of clinical aspect and insurance medicine. The standard spirometric indicies are forced vital capacity(FVC), forced expiratory volume at 1 second(FEV1), and the ratio of FEV1 over FVC(FEV1/FVC). If the value of FEV1/FVC less than 70%, the examinee has obstructive ventilatory dysfunction.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2024

Purpose : People who have suffered from COVID-19 suffer from decreased pulmonary function and various side effects. This study aims to present three respiratory exercise intervention methods to improve pulmonary function in COVID-19 survivors. Therefore, the purpose of this study will investigate the effects of breathing exercise interventions (aerobic exercise, diaphragm breathe exercise, and inspiratory muscle training on resistance) on pulmonary function in COVID-19 survivors. Methods : The subjects who participated in this study were 35 male and female college students confirmed with COVID-19. All subjects were randomly assigned to A, D, and I groups according to breathing exercise intervention method. Groups A, D, and I each performed aerobic exercise, diaphragm breathing exercise, and inspiratory muscle training on resistance, 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Pulmonary function was measured using a spirometer, and FVC (forced vital capacity), FEV₁ (forced expiratory volume in one second), FEV₁/FVC % (forced expiratory volume in one second / forced vital capacity ratio), and PEF (peak expiratory flow) were measured at 0, 3, and 6 weeks. Data analysis was compared by repeated measures analysis of variance, and post hoc tests for time were compared and analyzed using paired t-tests. Results : In the results of this study, FVC values showed statistically significant improvement in all groups. FEV₁ values also showed statistically significant improvement in all groups. And the FEV₁/FVC % value also showed statistically significant improvement in all groups. And the PEF values also showed statistically significant improvement in all groups. Conclusion : The results of this study reported that aerobic exercise, diaphragm breathing exercise, and resistance inspiratory muscle training were all effective in improving pulmonary function in COVID-19 survivors. Therefore, application of the three breathing exercise intervention methods presented in this study will help improve pulmonary function in COVID-19 survivors.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제71권5호
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• pp.341-348
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• 2011

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate annual changes in pulmonary function in workers who were exposed to inorganic dust. Methods: The subjects were 2,922 male patients who had been diagnosed with pneumoconiosis more than twice during 6 years from 2005 to 2010. Results: Of the 2,922 cases, forced vital capacity (FVC) decreased by 54 mL in 1 year. In contrast, the annual change of forced expiratory volume in one second ($FEV_1$) decreased by 56 mL. Conclusion: This is the first study that has investigated the annual change in pulmonary function in workers exposed to inorganic dust. The results will help estimate the pulmonary condition of patients who are unable to perform a pulmonary function test due to age or a disorder.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.22-31
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) for pulmonary function in normal-weight and obese women. Methods: Data from women aged ${\geq}40$ years were obtained from the 2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Obesity was measured by BMI and WC and pulmonary function was measured by forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second ($FEV_1$), and a ratio between forced expiratory volume in 1 second ($FEV_1$/FVC). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed for assessment of the association between FVC, $FEV_1$, $FEV_1$/FVC and obesity variables. Results: BMI showed positive association with FVC, $FEV_1$, $FEV_1$/FVC, and WC showed positive association with $FEV_1$ and $FEV_1$/FVC in normal-weight women. BMI and WC showed negative association with FVC, $FEV_1$ in obese women. A 1 unit increase in BMI showed an association with a 25-mL reduction in FVC and a 19-mL reduction in $FEV_1$. A 1-cm increase in WC showed an association with a 6-mL reduction in FVC and a 4-mL reduction in $FEV_1$. Conclusions: BMI and WC showed negative association with pulmonary function in obese adult women. Therefore, obese women with reduced pulmonary function should be encouraged to lose weight for improvement of their pulmonary function.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2021

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) respiratory muscle strengthening exercise on the pulmonary function, back pain, and disability level of patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). Methods: There were 24 CLBP patients randomly divided into the experimental group (n = 12) who took part in PNF respiratory muscle strengthening exercise and the control group (n = 12) who performed a mock treatment. Both groups performed their respective interventions for 15 min five times per week for four weeks. The pulmonary function was measured using a portable spirometer. The back pain of the participants was assessed using a visual analogue scale. The Oswestry disability index was conducted to measure disability level. A paired t-test was performed to compare within-group changes before and after the PNF respiratory muscle strengthening exercise. Differences between the experimental and the control groups were analyzed using an independent t-test. For all tests, the level of statistical significance was α = 0.05. Results: The within-group change in pulmonary function was significantly different in the experimental group (p < 0.05), and the levels of back pain and disability were significantly different between the groups (p < 0.05). There was also a significant between-group difference in pulmonary function, back pain, and disability level after intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that PNF respiratory muscle strengthening exercise enhances pulmonary function and reduces levels of back pain and disability in patients with CLBP.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.839-846
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• 2016

Objective: To examine the effects of Hyeongbangdojeok-san-gami (荊防導赤散加味方) which has been used in asthmatic patients in Korean Medicine. Methods: Five asthmatic patients were enrolled who had visited Semyung University Korean Medical Hospital from July 1, 2015 to June 30, 2016. They were examined by a pulmonary function test and completed the Quality of Life Questionnaire for adult Korean Asthmatics (QLQAKA) before and after taking Hyeongbangdojeok-san-gami for 3 weeks. All data were analyzed by paired t-tests. Results: After treatment with Hyeongbangdojeok-san-gami for 3 weeks, Forced Expiratory Volume 1 sec (FEV 1.0) improved significantly (p=0.01) and Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) showed an increase of 20% in results examined by Pulmonary Function Test (PFT). The results of the QLQAKA indicated that the main improvements occurred in theitems associated with theactivity domain. Conclusions: This study suggests that Hyeongbangdojeok-san-gami is effective in improving pulmonary function and quality of life in patients with asthma. More extensive study is needed in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.50-54
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• 2017

Purpose: This investigation aimed to determine the effects of treadmill training (TT) and high frequency chest wall oscillation (HFCWO) on pulmonary function and walking ability in stroke patients as well as propose an exercise program to improve cardiovascular function. Methods: Twenty hemiplegic stroke patients were randomized to either the control group (CG) (n=10) or the experimental group (EG), which received TT and HFCWO (n=10). Pulmonary function was quantitated using patient forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1) while walking speed was assessed by the 10m walking test (10MWT). Further, walking endurance was determined utilizing the 6-minute walk test (6MWT). Subjects of the EG performed the study protocol for 60 minutes, five times a week for six weeks; CG patients did not participate in regular exercise. To determine significance for the differences observed before and after exercise, within-group and between-group comparisons were conducted utilizing paired and independent t-tests, respectively, with the level of significance set at ${\alpha}=0.05$. Results: Within-groups, significant differences were observed in both FVC and FEV1 (p<0.01) following completion of the study protocol. Further, between-group comparisons demonstrated significant differences in both FVC (p<0.05) and FEV1 (p<0.01). Post-exercise, significant changes in the 10MWT and 6MWT score were observed between the EG and CG (p<0.01). Further, statistically significant differences were observed in 6MWT scores between-groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: The TT and HFCWO effectively improved pulmonary function and walking ability in subjects with stroke. The proposed program can be applied to stroke patients as a useful therapy.