• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.944-950
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• 1989

Children with congenital cardiac defects associated with high pulmonary artery pressure may die despite accurate surgery. Postoperative mortality and morbidity have been attributed to acute rises in pulmonary artery pressure and resistance. Acute pulmonary hypertensive crisis is defined as a paroxysmal event in which pulmonary arterial systolic pressure rises to or above systemic levels followed by a rapid fall in systemic pressure and a minor pulmonary hypertensive event is defined as an acute rise in pulmonary arterial pressure to more than 80 % of systemic levels but without a fall in systemic pressure. From Oct. 1988 to Jul. 1989, we experienced 23 patients who showed many pulmonary hypertensive crises after operation in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Children\ulcorner Hospital. Their preoperative PAP/SAPs were 53 to 123 %[mean 93.3%] and diagnoses were VSD[7], TAPVR[5], TGA[4], AVSD[3], MS[1], DORV[1], Truncus arteriosus[1], and AP window[l]. There were 9 deaths among 23 patients and they showed many pulmonary hypertensive crisis episodes during postoperative intensive care, which was managed by sedation, hyperventilation, oxygen, and acidosis correction and which decreased after using tolazoline. In view of our experience, we recommend that pulmonary artery pressure should be monitored in congenital heart defected patient with preoperative pulmonary hypertension to confirm and to manage the pulmonary hypertensive crisis accurately and using tolazoline is helpful in the treatment of pulmonary hypertensive crisis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.105-110
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• 2000

Pulmonary aspergillosis is classified as a saprophytic, allergic, and invasive disease. Chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis is categorized as an invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Most invasive pulmonary aspergillosis have acute and toxic clinical features but chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis is characterized by a subacute infection, most commonly seen in patients with altered local defense system from preexisting pulmonary disease or in mild immunocompromised patients. Pulmonary artery aneurysm due to this infection is termed as a mycotic aneurysm, etiology of which are tuberculosis, syphilis, bacteria and fungus. We report a case of chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis complicating pulmonary aneurysm in a 62 year-old man who was presented with cough, sputum, and fever. Chest radiographs showed a rapid, progressive cavitary lesion and pulmonary artery aneurysm. Angioinvasion of asper gillus was revealed by pathology after operative removal of left upper lobe containing the pulmonary artery aneurysm. He was treated with itraconazole.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.77 no.3
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• pp.141-144
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• 2014

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is rarely reported in patients who have normal immune function. Recently, IPA risk was reported in nonimmunocompromised hosts, such as patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and critically ill patients in intensive care units. Moreover, influenza infection is also believed to be associated with IPA among immunocompetent patients. However, most reports on IPA with influenza A infection, including pandemic influenza H1N1, and IPA associated with influenza B infection were scarcely reported. Here, we report probable IPA with a fatal clinical course in an immunocompetent patient with influenza B infection. We demonstrate IPA as a possible complication in immunocompetent patients with influenza B infection. Early clinical suspicion of IPA and timely antifungal therapy are required for better outcomes in such cases.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.183-187
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• 1982

Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula is a congenital vascular malformation In the lung, various synonyms including Pulmonary cavernous vascular malformation, Pulmonary arteriovenous aneurysm, Cavernous hemangioma of the lung0 Pulmonary telangiectasia, Pulmonary hamartoma, etc. The pathogenesis of its symptoms is that unoxygenated, desaturated arterial blood enters into the pulmonary venous system directly. Recently we have experienced one case of the pulmonary arteriovenous fistula which was diagnosed as the pulmonary cystic lesion of the lung preoperatively in 20 years old, 61 kg, male patient. Operation was revealed well circumscribed cystic lesion filled with blood, subpleural and anterior mediobasal location, and bright red colored aspirates on two times needle aspirations. Microscopic finding shows ill circumscribed vascular lesion composed of varying sized blood vessels with irregular thickening of wall and final pathological diagnosis is Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula. Basal segmentectomy was done and the patient shows good postoperative course.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.428-435
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• 1985

Tetralogy of Fallot associated with a single pulmonary artery is a rare cardiac anomaly. In previously reported cases, left pulmonary arteries were absent except 2 cases. Congenital absence of the pulmonary valve is a rare anomaly too. In the majority of cases, this lesion is associated with TOF. TOF associated with a single pulmonary artery and absent pulmonary valve is a very rare anomaly and only less than 20 cases were reported in the literatures. We have operated on one patient with TOF associated with absent right pulmonary artery and rudimentary pulmonary valve, a variant of absent pulmonary valve, and report this case with review of the literatures.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.290-292
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• 2018

Radiofrequency ablation is an effective treatment for atrial fibrillation. Pulmonary vein stenosis/occlusion is one of its rare complications. Herein, the case of a 50-year-old man with hemoptysis and migratory pulmonary infiltrations after transcatheter radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation is presented. Initially, pneumonia, interstitial pulmonary disease, or lung cancer was suspected, but wedge resection revealed hemorrhagic infiltrations. Chest computed tomography pulmonary angiography detected no left superior pulmonary vein due to its total occlusion, and left upper lobectomy was performed. Post-ablation pulmonary vein occlusion must be strongly suspected in cases of migratory pulmonary infiltrations and/or hemoptysis.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.202-217
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• 2022

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a congenital vascular disease in which interventional radiologists can play both diagnostic and therapeutic roles in patient management. The diagnosis of pulmonary AVM is simple and can usually be made based on CT images. Endovascular treatment, that is, selective embolization of the pulmonary artery feeding the nidus of the pulmonary AVM, and/or selectively either the nidus or draining vein, has become a first-line treatment with advances in interventional devices. However, some vascular diseases can simulate pulmonary AVMs on CT and pulmonary angiography. This subset can confuse interventional radiologists and referring physicians. Vascular mimickers of pulmonary AVM have not been widely known and described in detail in the literature, although some of these require surgical correction, while others require regular follow-up. This article reviews the clinical and radiologic features of pulmonary AVMs and their mimickers.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.50-57
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• 2008

Pulmonary hypertension is an increase in blood pressure in the pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein or pulmonary capillaries. Depending on the cause, pulmonary hypertension can be a severe disease with markedly decreased exercise tolerance and right-sided heart failure. Pulmonary hypertension can present as one of five different types: arterial, venous, hypoxic, thromboembolic, or miscellaneous. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with severe pulmonary hypertension is a rare disease. A 52-year-old man presented with a complaint of aggravating dyspnea. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure was 61.5 mmHg by Doppler echocardiogram. The patient was prescribed diuretics, digoxin, bronchodilator, sildenafil, bosentan and an oxygen supply. However, he ultimately died of cor pulmonale. Thus, diagnosis and early combination therapy are important.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.70 no.5
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• pp.428-432
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• 2011

Pulmonary lymphangiomatosis is a rare disorder involving the entire intrathoracic lymphatic system from the mediastinum to the pleura. Pulmonary lymphangiomatosis mostly occurs in children and young adults without gender predilection. Although it is pathologically benign, it shows a progressive and fatal course with variable initial presentation. We now report a case of pulmonary lymphangiomatosis in a 35-year-old man. He presented with hemoptysis 6 months previously. Chest x-ray and a chest computed tomography scan showed diffuse interstitial thickening with left pleural effusion. Chylothorax was confirmed by thoracentesis. Lymphangiography showed dilated and tortuous lymphatic channels. Surgical lung biopsy revealed proliferation of complex anastomosing lymphatic channels. He was diagnosed with pulmonary lymophangiomatosis. Closed thoracostomy and chemical pleurodesis were done and the dyspnea was reduced.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.797-801
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• 1991

Reexpansion pulmonary edema following pneumothorax, atelectasis, massive pleural effusion are clinically uncommon, but sometimes life threatening progression. Reexpansion pulmonary edema is usually ipsilateral but rarely contralateral or both. Reexpansion pulmonary edema was occurred when chronically collapsed lung is rapidly reexpanded by evacuation of large amounts of air or fluid. The pathogenesis of the reexpansion pulmonary edema is unknown but is probably mutifactorial. The etiological factors of the reexpansion pulmonary edema are chronicity of the lung collapse, technique of the reexpansion, airway obstruction, loss of the surfactant, and pulmonary artery pressure changes. In the treatment of the chronically collapsed lung, physician must be remembered the possible events, and to prevent of the complication.