• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.88-96
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• 1999

This research was planned to propose some suggestions on the management of stream water quality in the closed valley areas of the Puk'ansan National Park during July 1998 to June 1999. A closed valley area should designate whole valley area. Stream water quality monitoring should include investigation on cations ($Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, $K^+$, $Na^+$), anions ($Cl^-$, $SO{_4}^{2-}$) and suspended solids. A counterplan for stream water preservation and its practical application should be considered before closing a valley area. Also, the results of stream water quality in the closed valley areas in the National Park should be informed to the public. Discharged water from private areas such as a Buddhist temple, shelter, resting place, shopping center, etc. in the National Park should be checked and cleaned. We need to establish regulations on the utilization of stream side area in the park, and trails near the closed valley should also be included in the areas.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.88 no.1
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• pp.101-110
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• 1999

This research was investigated to check characteristics of stream water quality at four points to analyze the characteristics of stream water in the northeastern part of Puk'ansan National Park during a period of July to November, 1998. The results are as follows. The level of average pH(6.56) and dissolved oxygen($10.22mg/{\ell}$) in the stream water quality on northeastern area in Puk'ansan National Park were at the level of the first class in the quality of river water quality standard. Also, the water in these streams was soft and equilibrated the ration and anion. Electrical conductivity in the stream water was correlated with total amount of ion and number of visitors, but conversely correlated with pH. And the number of visitors influenced stream water quality pollution. The multiple regression equations for electrical conductivity were well explained by pH, Zn and $Mg^{2+}$ statistically.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.89 no.2
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• pp.241-248
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• 2000

This research was conducted to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of stream water at the four points in the northeastern part of Puk'ansan National Park from July, 1998 to November, 1999. The average pH of stream water was 6.65 and dissolved oxygen was $10.7mg/{\ell}$, which indicated that the quality could be categorized in the first class for the quality of river water quality standard. In addition, the water was soft water and average percentage of dissolved oxygen was 96.7%, which was almost saturated. The number of visitors resulted in the increase of dissolved ion, witch affected on electrical conductivity of the water. The relationships between those factors was significant at the 1% level in linear regression. The electrical conductivity and the amount of anion($Cl^-$, $NO{_3}^-$, $SO{_4}^{2-}$)in downstream were higher than those in upstream.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.89 no.3
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• pp.297-305
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• 2000

This research was conducted to analyze the factors influenced on stream water quality pollution in the northeastern part of Puk'ansan National Park from July, 1998 to November, 1999. The number of visitor and the percentage of the amount of $Cl^-$ resulted in the increase of electrical conductivity, which affected on pollution of the stream water quality. The relationships between those factors should be statistical significance at the 5% level in multiple regression. The multiple regression equations for the percentage of dissolved oxygen at the stream water quality showed that dissolved oxygen and water temperature had statistical significance at the 1% level. The multiple regression equations for the amount of $Cl^-$ at the stream water quality showed that electrical conductivity, the amount of cation($K^+$, $Na^+$), the amount of $SO_4{^{2-}}$, total amount of ion, the percentage of the amount of $Cl^-$, and the percentage of the amount of $SO_4{^{2-}}$ had statistical significance at the 5% and 1% level. Also, The multiple regression equations for the amount of $NO_3{^-}$ at the stream water quality showed that the amount of cation($Na^+$, $Ca^{2+}$), the amount of $SO_4{^{2-}}$, the percentage of the amount of $Cl^-$, and the percentage of the amount of $NO_3{^-}$ had statistical significance at the 5% and 1% level. The multiple regression equations for the amount of $SO_4{^{2-}}$ at the stream water quality showed that the amount of $NO_3{^-}$, total amount of ion had statistical significance at the 5% level.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.90 no.1
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• pp.146-154
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• 2001

This research was conducted to investigate the seasonal changes in physicochemical characteristics of stream water at the four points in the northeastern part of the Puk'ansan National Park from July of 1998 to November of 2000. The average pH of stream water was 6.6(6.53~6.74) and the dissolved oxygen was ranged from 11.0 to $11.3mg/{\ell}$, which indicated that the water quality could be categorized in the first class for the quality of river water quality standard. The average electrical conductivity of stream water was 106.8(52.3~154.0) ${\mu}S/cm$ and the electrical conductivities of downstream water were ranged from 139.4 to $154{\mu}S/cm$, which were about 1.7~3.0 times higher than those in upstream water that showed from 52.3 to $81.6{\mu}S/cm$. The amount of anion($Cl^-$, $NO{_3}^-$, $SO{_4}^{2-}$) which indicates the pollution index in downstream was higher than that in upstream, In addition, the seasonal impacts of pollution on stream water were higher in Autumn than in Spring or Summer.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.153-159
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• 1999

이 논문은 북한산국립공원에서 1994년부터 실시하고 있는 자연휴식년제도의 효과를 검증하고 추후 휴식년의 적용이 필요한 구간을 파악하기 위하여 인공위성 영상자료를 이용하여 휴식년 적용구간과 그 주변 등산로의 식생활력의 변화를 분석하였다. 이용된 자료는 1988년, 1992년, 1994년, 1996년 9월의 Landsat TM 영상으로, ER Mapper 및 Arc/Info GIS를 이용하여 분석하였고, 식생활력의 측정은 중합차식생지수(NDVI)에 기반한 평균비율(MR)을 이용하였다. 분석결과 휴식년 적용구간의 경우 88년 이후 감소양상을 보이던 식생활력이 휴식년제도가 실시된 94년 이후 뚜렷하게 증가하여 휴식년제도의 실시가 식생활력을 증가시키는 효과가 있었음을 보여주었다. 기타 등산로의 경우는 92년 이후 식생활력이 정체 또는 감소추세를 나타내었으며, 그 중 일부 구간은 식생활력의 저하가 특히 두드러지게 나타나 추후 휴식년제도의 적용이 필요한 구간으로 판단되었다.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.35-48
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• 1993

To compare ecological succession stage between 1987 and 1992, this study was executed in Mt. Puk'an. 26 sample plots of 500$m^2$ were set up. The results were summarized as follows; 1. To analysis plant community structure, the classification by TWINSPAN and CCA, DCA and RA ordination were applied to the study area. That of Mt. Puk'an was divided 4 groups by altitude. The dividing groups are Robinia pseudo-acacia-Quercus spp. community, mixed forest community, Q. serrata community, and Q. mongolica community. The successional trends of tree species over 500m seem to be from Pinus densiflora to Q. mongolica and below 500m in altitude seem to be from Robinia pseudo-acacia through Quercus acutissima, Q. mongolica, Prunus sargentii, Sorbus alnifolia to Q. serrata in the canopy layer. In the case of understory and shrub layer, the successional trends to be from Corylus sieboldiana, Zanthoxylum schinifolium through Rhus trichocarpa, Rhododendron mucronulatum, Rh. schlippenbachii to Acer pseudo-sieboldianum. 2. In comparing successional trends with 1987', the advanced data was not obtained in 1992. It was postulated that succession is not progressed by human disturbance and air pollution.