• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.612-617
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• 2008

Tetrodotoxin (TTX) analogues were first determined from the liver extracts of puffer fish, Takifugu niphobles, by LC/MS with Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography (HILIC). In total, 7 TTX analogues were detected within 20 minutes as follows; 5,6,11-trideoxyTTX (34.0%, 1,029.6 nmol/g), 6,11-dideoxyTTX (29.3%, 887.6 nmol/g), TTX (22.1%, 667.8 nmol/g), 4,9-anhydro-TTX (11.2%, 339.3 nmol/g), 11-deoxyTTX＋5-deoxyTTX (2.6%, 78.6 nmol/g), and 4-epiTTX (0.8%, 23.6 nmol/g). Mouse toxicity of diluted liver extracts showed the highest toxicity at pH 3 (8.7 MU/mL) and decreased, as increasing pH, to 1.4 MU/mL at pH 10. At acidic (pH 5) and neutral conditions (pH 7), mouse toxicity of liver extracts (79 MU/mL) decreased slowly, as increasing temperature from $80^{\circ}C$ to $115^{\circ}C$, and time until 1 hour; in contrast, at the akaline condition (pH 9), the toxicity decreased rapidly to the more than half within 10 minutes. Individual toxicity of the fillet of T. niphobles were between $43.2{\sim}106.7$ MU, and $64{\sim}78%$ of its toxicity was eluted to soup when boiled with 3 volumes of water during 10 minutes.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.31-34
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• 1995

Ten specimens (5 males and 5 females) of the pufferfish, fugu stictonotus ('gachilbog'), were collected at a fish market of Pusan, Korea in July 1993, and examined for anatomical distribution of toxicity by mouse assay method. The frequency of toxic specimens was $40\%\;for\;liver,\;60\%$ for ovary, $40\%\;for\;skin\;and\;60\%$ for bile in female puffers. The highest toxicities were 107, 107, 29 and 93MU/g for liver, ovary, skin and bile, respectively; and average toxicity $\pm S.E.\;values\;were\;14\pm11,\;48\pm22.4\pm3\;and\;12\pm9MU/g,$ respectively. The range of total toxicity was shown to be from 0 to 35,316MU. The characteristic pattern of toxin distribution observed on these specimens was exhibited; both muscle and testis were non-toxic, but others were weakly toxic. Also, there was significant difference for toxicity between male and female specimens.