• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.39-47
• /
• 1976

The organized community is the one of the best system for the effective public health administration, and a model area was selected for the study to see what would be achieved when a certain small community is placed under the special public health control based on the family unit. The 178 families involved total of 875 populations. The rate of vaccination with B.C.G. among 191 infants and children could be increased upto 100.0% from 72.5% of the time when the basic study was performed after 8 months period of this study; 99.0% from 47.1% with D.P.T.; 96,9% from 71.7% against smallpox; 83.2% from 69.1% against poliomyelitis; but only 25,7% from 21.5% against measles. The status of family planing was 36.8% among 155 women of possible conception at the time of the basic research. And, at the end of this study, the number of women utilizing one of the methods of contraception for family planning were increased upto 52.9% among the same number. The most frequently utilized method was 34.1% of oral pills followed by 30.5% of intrauterine device; but both of which had higher rate of interruption of use because of the complications, 14.3% and 16.0% respectively. The 10 pregnant women at the time of basic research experienced normal deliveries during the period of study and they had received pre and postnatal health care through this health center. The status of oral hygiene, pulmonary tuberculosis control, and parasitological examination were also reported as well as the cases with diseases seen among the population and vaccinations performed against other infectious diseases. The stress on discussion was placed upon the effectiveness of public health administration when it is undergone on the individual family unit to achieve the best results. However, the shortness of both personnel and material resources were considered to be the one of the major difficulties retarding the generalization of the idea obtained through this study based on family unit public health administration.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제44권5호
• /
• pp.201-209
• /
• 2011

Objectives: This study examined the use of health impact assessment (HIA) as a tool for intersectoral collaboration using the case of an HIA project conducted in Gwang Myeong City, Korea. Methods: A typical procedure for rapid HIA was used. In the screening step, the Aegi-Neung Waterside Park Plan was chosen as the target of the HIA. In the scoping step, the specific methods and tools to assess potential health impacts were chosen. A participatory workshop was held in the assessment step. Various interest groups, including the Department of Parks and Greenspace, the Department of Culture and Sports, the Department of Environment and Cleansing, civil societies, and residents, discussed previously reviewed literature on the potential health impacts of the Aegi-Neung Waterside Park Plan. Results: Potential health impacts and inequality issues were elicited from the workshop, and measures to maximize positive health impacts and minimize negative health impacts were recommended. The priorities among the recommendations were decided by voting. A report on the HIA was submitted to the Department of Parks and Greenspace for their consideration. Conclusions: Although this study examined only one case, it shows the potential usefulness of HIA as a tool for enhancing intersectoral collaboration. Some strategies to formally implement HIA are discussed.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.25-56
• /
• 1993

Hypertension has already become a serious health problem in many countries. Treatment is effective, however, and the detection and long-term management of those at risk pose sustained challenges. Community programs can be an important strategy for primary prevention of hypertention and for monitoring the progress and promoting compliance of hypertensive patients. Hwachon Health Demonstrain Project has designed community hypertention control program, especially emphasizing role of public health sector, and operate that model from 1990 at Hwachon county, Kwangwon province. This paper appraise the effectiveness of curent activities. Many paper appraise the effectiveness of curent activities. Many hypertensive persons who have not recognized his disease were identified and began hypertension treatment. However about two thirds of patients have not complied continuously with medical advice. Consequently, the project team redirects its efforts. Less emphasis is being placed screening and identification of patients, while more emphasis is being placed on increasing compliance with treatment recommendations. Some approches to improve hypertension control program are also discussed in the context of the field experience and literature on this suvjest.

• 지역사회간호학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.31-42
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The aims of this study were to identify successful strategies and propose a community-based participatory global health project model for primary health care capacity development. Methods: The study used case study methodology. A The unit of analysis was an international cooperation health project entitled "Community-based Primary Health Care Improvement in San Lorenzo, Ecuador" using community-based participatory research conducted in 2007~2008. Data were collected through windshield surveys, focus group discussion, key informant interviews, and provider surveys. Results: Identified successful strategies for the international cooperation health project were reciprocal partnership between researchers and community, partners' capacity building, south-to-south cooperation, and continuous monitoring and feedback. Community participation was found to be an essential tenet to guarantee the improvement of primary health care in the underserved rural community. Evidence from the activities of community health practitioners in Korea was applicable to the development of training programs for primary health care providers in Ecuador. Conclusion: Strategies for strengthening primary health capacity may be tailored depending on socio-cultural, political, and economical situations of each country. The model, however, would be applicable to the entire process of community-based global health projects in underserved rural communities of other countries.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.263-274
• /
• 1999

The public health service center and its branch are, as one of public institution, responsible for providing non-profitable medical service to local residents, which can't be addressed by private medical institutes. In addition, as a planning coordinator, they need to manage local medical resources effectively to make sure local residents can be offered good-quality health service fairly and impartially. The purpose of this study was to highlight the importance of physical therapy in public health service center's successful role performance, one of treatment to which local residents had a direct access. For attaining the purpose, an investigation was made into the actual facilities of public health service center and its branches in North Cholla province, the extent of use of physicaltherapy room, and the general characteristics of physical therapists. And literatures concerned were referred to. As a result, the dominant opinion was that the current physicaltherapy room shoulder be more reinforced(38.9%) or that it should he kept as it was(46.5%). Besides, the physical therapists investigated still were serving in a poor working condition. To elevate the quality and quantity of medical service, the current way to employ expert personnels temporarily or not to guarantee the position of physiotherapists should be removed immediately. Instead, physicaltherapists should be employed as regular public official. As, in home-visit project, physiotherapist are expected to play a bigger role in rehabilitation care or the management of patients with chronic disease, the physicaltherapy room should be increased and more physicaltherapists should be provided to health service institutions.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제46권1호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2013

Objectives: We examined the association between social expenditures of the local government and the mortality level in Korea, 2004 to 2010. Methods: We used social expenditure data of 230 local governments during 2004 to 2010 from the Social Expenditure Database prepared by the Korean Institute for Health and Social Affairs. Fixed effect panel data regression analysis was adopted to look for associations between social expenditures and age-standardized mortality and the premature death index. Results: Social expenditures of local governments per capita was not significantly associated with standardized mortality but was associated with the premature death index (decline of 1.0 [for males] and 0.5 [for females] for each expenditure of 100 000 Korean won, i.e., approximately 100 US dollar). As an index of the voluntary effort of local governments, the self-managed project ratio was associated with a decline in the standardized mortality in females (decline of 0.4 for each increase of 1%). The share of health care was not significant. Conclusions: There were associations between social expenditures of the local government and the mortality level in Korea. In particular, social expenditures per capita were significantly associated with a decline in premature death. However, the voluntary efforts of local governments were not significantly related to the decline in premature death.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.172-179
• /
• 2018

Background: Insufficient training in infection control and occupational health among healthcare workers (HCWs) in countries with high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) burdens requires attention. We examined the effectiveness of a 1-year Certificate Program in Occupational Health and Infection Control conducted in Free State Province, South Africa in an international partnership to empower HCWs to become change agents to promote workplace-based HIV and TB prevention. Methods: Questionnaires assessing reactions to the program and Knowledge, Attitudes, Skills, and Practices were collected pre-, mid-, and postprogram. Individual interviews, group project evaluations, and participant observation were also conducted. Quantitative data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Qualitative data were thematically coded and analyzed using the Kirkpatrick framework. Results: Participants recruited (n = 32) were mostly female (81%) and nurses (56%). Pre-to-post-program mean scores improved in knowledge (+12%, p = 0.002) and skills/practices (+14%, p = 0.002). Preprogram attitude scores were high but did not change. Participants felt empowered and demonstrated attitudinal improvements regarding HIV, TB, infection control, and occupational health. Successful projects were indeed implemented. However, participants encountered considerable difficulties in trying to sustain improvement, due largely to lack of pre-existing knowledge and experience, combined with inadequate staffing and insufficient management support. Conclusion: Training is essential to strengthen HCWs' occupational health and infection control knowledge, attitudes, skills, and practices, and workplace-based training programs such as this can yield impressive results. However, the considerable mentorship resources required for such programs and the substantial infrastructural supports needed for implementation and sustainability of improvements in settings without pre-existing experience in such endeavors should not be underestimated.

• 한국보건간호학회지
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.15-24
• /
• 1992

This study was conducted to follow the patient referral system operated from the primary health care facilities to the hospital in a rural area of Korea. The subject for this study was sampled from a community health development project carried out by the Korea University in Yeoju Kun, Kyonggi Province. The data of referred patients from primary health care facilities were collected during the period from January 1989 to December 1989. The data was sorted out by a computer system using Database package. The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1. Characteristics of the referred patients were: males $32.0\%$. and females $68.0\%$. The more elderly of the patients visited to the hospital after having been referred there by CHPs or public physicians, $25.9\%$ has been to hospital on at least one previous occasion as against $74.1\%$ for whom it was there first visit. 2. The majority of patients who were referred to a hospital where: medicine $44.3\%$ and orthopedics$16.4\%$, major diseases were : diseases of digestive system $(21.3\%)$ ; symptoms and ill defined conditions $(17.3\%)$ ; diseases of the muscular skeletal system and connective tissue$(14.2\%)$. chronic illness was $82.0\%$ and acute illlness was $18.0\%$. 3. From Community health practitioners more patients referred than the public physicians. Categoris of diseases of the referred patients were different between community health practitioners and public physicians. Due to the. respective differences between the medical restrictions put on the nursing staffs at the community health practitioners and public physicians. From this study it was recommended to define the reason of differences between ~he two groups in futher study. Study as to 1) why one group should be referring more for hospital treatment than the other. And 2) why the two agencies should be referring different diseases.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제54권1호
• /
• pp.8-16
• /
• 2021

This article aims to introduce the inception and operation of the COVID-19 International Collaborative Research Project, the world's first coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) open data project for research, along with its dataset and research method, and to discuss relevant considerations for collaborative research using nationwide real-world data (RWD). COVID-19 has spread across the world since early 2020, becoming a serious global health threat to life, safety, and social and economic activities. However, insufficient RWD from patients was available to help clinicians efficiently diagnose and treat patients with COVID-19, or to provide necessary information to the government for policy-making. Countries that saw a rapid surge of infections had to focus on leveraging medical professionals to treat patients, and the circumstances made it even more difficult to promptly use COVID-19 RWD. Against this backdrop, the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) of Korea decided to open its COVID-19 RWD collected through Korea's universal health insurance program, under the title of the COVID-19 International Collaborative Research Project. The dataset, consisting of 476 508 claim statements from 234 427 patients (7590 confirmed cases) and 18 691 318 claim statements of the same patients for the previous 3 years, was established and hosted on HIRA's in-house server. Researchers who applied to participate in the project uploaded analysis code on the platform prepared by HIRA, and HIRA conducted the analysis and provided outcome values. As of November 2020, analyses have been completed for 129 research projects, which have been published or are in the process of being published in prestigious journals.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2001

The main purpose of applying the chlorination process during water treatment is for disinfection. Research results, however, indicate that disinfection by-products including trihalomethanes, haloacetic acids, haloacetonitriles, haloketones, and chloropicrin can be produced by chlorination process. Some of these disinfection by-products are known to be potential human carcinogens. This three-year project is designed to establish a standard analysis procedure for disinfection by-products in drinking water and investigate the distribution and sources of specific disinfection by-products. The occurrence level of DBPs in drinking water was below 50$\mu\textrm{g}$/L in most cases. THMs in plant effluent accounted for 48% of all DBPs measured, whereas HAAs accounted for 24%, HANs 14%, haloketones 5%, chloral hydrate 7%, and chloropicrin 2%. Chloroform was found to be the major THMs compound (71%), followed by bromodichloromethane (21%), dibro-mochloromethane (7%), and bromoform (3%), The concentration of DBPs formed in distribution systems increased from those detected in plant effluent. Results would play an important role in exposure assessment as a part of the risk assessment process, and would give basic information for establishment of disinfection by-products reduction and management procedures.