• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.483-493
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to obtain the information for the improvement of the support in oder to expand the adjusted water fluoridation program to Myeong-dong water treatment plant in Gimhae city, Korea. Methods : Questionnaires were distributed to the parents of elementary schoolchildren and their responses were collected. All collected data were analyzed using the SPSS program. Results : The percentage of respondents using the tap water was 47.0% for drinking and 54.4% for cooking, respectively. The percentage of respondents using the water purified the tap water with the home water purifier was 45.1% for drinking and 36.2% for cooking, respectively. Respondents who knew the adjusted water fluoridation program was 48.3%. Respondents who knew the implementation of the adjusted water fluoridation program at the moment in Gimhae was 27.0%. 90.2% of residents agreed on the expansion of the adjusted water fluoridation program to Myeong-dong water treatment plant, Significant variables in the approval rates of the adjusted water fluoridation program were age, residence period, occupation, recognition of the program. Conclusions : It is desirable to expand the adjusted water fluoridation program to Myeong-dong water treatment plant in Gimhae as the percentage of respondents who agreed on the introduction of the program was high.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.217-227
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• 2022

Since China adopted Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) in the water sector in the early 1990s, PPPs have played a key role in improving infrastructure development in China. As the Chinese water market became one of the most enormous and potential existing in the world, once a water player settles down in the market, the company tends to be the world-leading water player on the basis of the number of people served from water infrastructure. Unlike the early PPP period overwhelmed by several water transnational corporations, local water players began to dominate the domestic market and have recently expanded their influence overseas. The Chinese government has continuously intervened to promote private sector participation of local water players in the PPP development process in legal and institutional aspects. Thus this article examined the development of water PPPs in China and analyzed the successful elements of local water players' growth related to the government policy.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.325-335
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• 2018

The annual total phosphorus load caused by public wastewater, nightsoil and livestock manure treatment facilities in Korea has been examined macroscopically. Annual domestic average phosphorus (P) inflows through the income of phosphate rock for the last five years (2012 - 2016) were analyzed as 76,598 tons/year. As of the year 2015, the total loadings of phosphorus attributed to public wastewater treatment facilities, nightsoil treatment facilities and livestock wastewater were estimated as 30,269 tons/year, 1,909 tons/year and 18,138 tons/year, respectively. Considering the amount of phosphorus imports, the annual phosphorus load from wastewater, livestock wastewater and excretions is equivalent to 39.5%, 23.7%, 2.5% and totally 65.7%(39.5% + 23.7% + 2.5%). Therefore, the introduction of phosphorus recovery and recycling processes for the public wastewater and livestock manure treatment facilities has been found to be effective because it could reduce the import amount of phosphate rock by up to 60% or more.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.83-96
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• 2021

This study analyzes the perception of public value created by Korea Rural Community Corporation, a representative public corporation in the agricultural and rural sector. We categorize agricultural and rural public values as 'stable food supply,' 'conservation of national environment and nature,' 'formation and cultivation of water resources,' 'prevention of soil loss and flooding,' 'conservation of ecological system,' 'conservation of rural tradition and culture.' For the qualitative analysis, we apply content analysis. And, for the quantitative analysis, we use topic modeling and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) analysis which is used widely in the field of text-mining. Results show that internal perception for value suppliers are mainly created for 'stable food supply,' 'formation and cultivation of water resources,' and 'conservation of rural tradition and culture.' External perception for value demanders are created for all public values, but its evaluation and demand include various aspects including both positive and negative opinions.

• Architectural research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.75-83
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• 2012

Buildings that are more than 10 years old generally have considerable repair and replacement costs due to the rapid deterioration of their systems. For public buildings in particular, which have national and social significance, considerable effort is required not only to ensure a long life cycle and safety but also to minimize the overall public expense. Along with increasing repair and replacement requirements, however, there have been problems related to the establishment of an accurate facility management budget. To address these concerns, a repair and replacement cost management system was constructed. This system manages both invested maintenance and forecast costs to establish a reasonable repair and replacement planning process and budget. The effectiveness of the system was verified through a pilot test targeting one of public Corporation (K).

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.330-332
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• 2005

Ten phosphate corrosion inhibitors meet the required standards and drinking waters containing corrosion inhibitors also within 27 items of water quality standards. In addition, the T-P concentration was observed at a level of 2.342-2.909mg/L. Those results indicate that the corrosion inhibitors are not harmful and, as for drinking waters with inhibitors, they can be considered not to have any toxic influence on human body when used below the regulated level of 10mg/L.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.433-440
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the pathogenicity of microorganisms by quantitative and qualitative analysis of microorganisms before and after flushing of dental unit water. Methods: This study was conducted on the supply of high-speed handpieces, ultrasonic scalers, and air-water syringes, which sterilized from 10 dental unit chairs at a dental clinic in South Gyeongsang Province. The number of bacterial communities was calculated by collection before and after flushing (2, 4, and 6 minutes). Results: The mean number of bacteria in the handpiece water before flushing was $27,208CFU/m{\ell}$; 2 minutes after flushing, $2,180CFU/m{\ell}$; 4 minutes after flushing, $900CFU/m{\ell}$; and 6 minutes after flushing, $412CFU/m{\ell}$. Conclusions: To minimize the risk of cross-infection and intra-clinic infection in dental clinics, education and water quality monitoring may be needed.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.77-84
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• 1988

The principal mode of the transmission of Legionnaires disease is a inthalation of the cooling tower water droplets in which Legionellae exist. As a central cooling system is popularized in many public buildings and large buildings nowadays, the number of cooling towers is rapidly increasing. Therefore the possibility of an outbreak of Legionnaires disease is likely increased. To determine the presence of Legionella in cooling tower water as the first step for the prevention of Legionnaires disease, 48 samples of cooling tower water were taken from 24 buildings in Taegu city in july and september 1987. Three samples out of 24 water samples In September yielded Legionella but it was not isolated in the samples of July. Isolated 3 Legionellas were identified as Legionella peumophila. It seems that Legionella from the cooling tower will be isolated more frequently in late summer than early because central cooling system is stopped operation during winter season which is cool. As based on our survey, Legionnaires disease can occur in Taegu city and if it happens it is most likely due to L. pneumophila.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.67-75
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• 1998

The objectives of this study were both to evaluate the level and correlations of hazardous agents and to suggest measures to control industrial hygiene problems caused by using water-soluble metalworking f1uids(MWF). Geometric mean of formaldehyde(0.039 ppm) was higher than criteria of NIOSH(0.016ppm). Formaldehyde, originally existed in the biocide, is released and used to kill microbes in soluble MWF. Microbe concentrations were above $10^4No./mL$ in 14 MWF tanks among 20 tanks surveyed. Nitrosamines that is formed by reaction of nitrosating group and amines was detected to $18.4-47.1{\mu}g/m^3$. Formaldehyde concentration was low when microbes were abundant(r=-0.67, p=0.011), and high when open tank area was wide(r=0.75. p=0.012). The significant relationship between pH and microbes(r=-0.76. p=0.003) was also observed. The predominant bacteria species in MWF were Pseudomonas spp., Bacillus spp., Comamonas testosteroni, Acinetobacter haemolyticus, Bordertella bronchiseptica in order. Therefore, hazardous agents emitted by using water-soluble MWF seems to be correlated microbial growth. In order to minimize worker's exposure to several hazardous agents by an water-soluble MWF and to increase productivity, microbial growth must be controlled to the lowest level as possible. Administrative control as well as engineering control must comprehensively be applied to control microbe's growth in water-soluble MWF.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.21 no.2 s.24
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• pp.238-244
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• 1988

This study was conducted to investigate the causes of burn and emergency cares taken on the spot for the burn patient. Study population included 161 burn patients admitted to 2 university hospitals and 1 general hospital in Taegu from November 1, 1987 to April 30, 1988. Patients or guardians were interviewed with a structured questionnare. Out of 161 burn patients 111(68.9%)were males and 50(31.1%) females. Preschool children of 1-4 years old accounted for 29.8% of the total patients. Burns of children under 15 years of age took place at home in 91.0%, while 48.3% of burns of adult (15 years and over)males occurred at the working place, and 68.0% of adult females occurred at the home. Out of total burns occurred at home 39.8% took place at kitchen/dining room and 24.1% in the room. The most common cause of burns in children was the boiling water or hot food (74.3%). In adults the common causes were electrical burn(22.4%), hot water or food(19.0%) and explosion(12.1%) for males, and hot water or food(32.0%) and explosion (20.0%) for females. Common emergency cares for the burn taken on the spot were undressing(64.6%), pouring Soju(liquor)(13.7%), and pouring cold water(5.0%). There were a few cases who applied ash, soy or salt. To prevent burn, it is recommended to remodel the traditional kitchen and coal-briquet hole, to strengthen the safety control of LP Gas and LN Gas supply, to educate the public for the handling method for such gases, to strengthen the occupational safety control, to improve the safety device for the electric wire and socket, and to limit the temperature of hot water at home and public baths.