• 제목/요약/키워드: Public Spending

검색결과 111건 처리시간 0.032초

The First Curriculum of Mathematics in Korea for the New Millennium

  • Choe, Young-Han
    • 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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    • 제7권2호
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    • pp.73-90
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    • 2003
  • In the Republic of Korea, mathematics has always been a major blame for huge private expenditures on so-called "private education," which consists of private tutoring and lessons at "private academies of extra curricula." The private spending on out-of-school education often exceeded public expenditures on schools. In 1997, South Korean Ministry of Education reformed curriculum of mathematics along with other subjects to ease the burden of private education. The aim of this curriculum change was to put a boost on individual students' interests, affections and other attributes toward school mathematics. The essential distinctiveness of the new curriculum of mathematics compared with the previous one is as follows: 1. The implementation of so-called "differentiated curriculum" for grades 1-10. 2. 30% reduction of contents in mathematics and the reconciliation of contents. 3. Elective subjects for mathematics for grades 11 and 12. 4. More uses of technology in mathematics teaching. Firstly, we examine the background of the curriculum reform and analyze the new curriculum according to awareness of educational administrators, teaching environments of schools and readiness of mathematics teachers. Then we find out what kinds of problems it has and look for some suggestions for remedies.

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건강보험보장성 정책결정과정의 평가와 재설계 (Improving Priority-setting procedures for NHI benefit package)

  • 윤희숙;권순만;권용진
    • 보건행정학회지
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.53-68
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    • 2010
  • In health care, the process of resource allocation becomes a controversial process of rationing, as scarce resources are allocated between the numerous health care interventions. Especially for the last few years, decisions to define and expand the benefit package of National Health Insurance have always become the object of fierce criticism. It is partly because we have not reached a collective agreement as to what the most important criteria for spending priorities are. This paper considers the procedures and the principles which could be used to determine rationing in health care, and emphasizes the need to have explicit principles which determine patient access to care and to have an evidence base to inform rationing decisions. Also, the need to set up a public committee is suggested to take rationing decisions on behalf of government and NHS and to present them as evidence-based decisions.

DMB(Digital Multimedia Broadcasting) 서비스의 수요특성 분석 (An Analysis on the Demand Characteristics of DMB Services)

  • 김용규;심인수;윤충한
    • 기술혁신학회지
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    • 제8권3호
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    • pp.911-931
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    • 2005
  • This paper analyzes the demand characteristics of DMB services using survey data. According to a Logit analysis, the willingness to adopt the services is higher if the would-be user is male, is better informed with the service, is watching TV longer, and is spending more for the telecommunications services. And the survey results tell us that for the stimulation of the service, efforts should be made to increase the level of public awareness of the services. The survey response from the would-be DMB users shows that the respondents who value the nationwide coverage and the numbers of channel are more inclined to use the satellite DMB service. On the other hand, the service charge and the availability of the terrestrial broadcasting channel for the time being does not seem to influence the intention of using the terrestrial DMB service. It could be interpreted that the potential user are deciding whether to use the service more by the quality and contents of the service rather than by the cost of the service.

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전국 지방자치단체의 음식물쓰레기 관리 분석 (An Exploration on Food Waste Management of Local Governments)

  • 오정익;이현정
    • 대한환경공학회지
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    • 제38권3호
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    • pp.101-109
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    • 2016
  • 쾌적한 주거환경과 지속가능한 정주환경을 구축하기 위한 일환으로 본 연구는 음식물쓰레기의 감량화와 자원화를 일선에서 수행하는 전국의 각 기초자치단체들의 음식물쓰레기 관리실태를 특별 광역시와 도 단위 자치단체들로 구분하여 파악하고자 한다. 제도적 변화에 따라 음식물쓰레기의 처리에서 지자체의 책임과 역할이 증대됨에 따라 본 연구에서는 전국 지자체의 음식물쓰레기 관리를 담당하고 있는 공무원을 대상으로 음식물쓰레기 관련 행정, 음식물쓰레기의 수거 운반 처리실태, 음식물쓰레기 관련 민원에 대한 자기기입식 설문조사를 실시하였다. 회수율 24.4%를 보였으며, 응답 설문지는 SPSS 통계프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 음식물쓰레기 관련 행정업무는 배출, 수거, 처리가 가장 중요하였고, 연간 예산규모는 특별 광역시 지자체(35억원)가 도 단위 지자체(22억원) 보다 1.5배 더 많았고, 그 지출은 특별 광역시 지자체의 경우, 인건비, 도 단위 지자체의 경우, 수거 운반비가 가장 컸다. 음식물쓰레기의 가장 큰 배출원은 주택이었으며, 음식물쓰레기는 차량수거 운반방식에 의한 퇴비 사료 중심의 재활용 처리가 가장 보편적이었고, 현행 음식물쓰레기의 수거 운반 처리과정에 개선이 필요하며, 특히 매립과 소각 처리 비율이 비교적 높은 도 단위 지자체에서 개선의향이 높았다. 음식물쓰레기 발생 저감을 위한 효과적인 방안으로 특별 광역시 지자체는 음식물쓰레기 처리시설 확보와 신기술 개발, 도 단위 지자체에서는 정책적 제도 마련을 손꼽았다. 민원 발생 건수는 특별 광역시 지자체(1.4건/일)가 도 단위 지자체(0.5건/일) 보다 2.7배 많았고, 민원은 주로 주택지역에서 발생하였으며, 민원내용은 주로 음식물쓰레기 배출 및 수거장소, 수거 서비스, 수거차량에 관한 불만이었다. 이러한 결과는 향후 음식물쓰레기의 대량 배출원인 주택단지에서 바로 자원화할 수 있는 기술개발과 실용화하는 음식물쓰레기 무배출 시스템 구축의 필요성을 시사한다.

건강보험 청구자료를 이용한 우리나라 뇌졸증 환자의 사회경제적 비용 추계 (Socioeconomic Costs of Stroke in Korea: Estimated from the Korea National Health Insurance Claims Database)

  • 임승지;김한중;남정모;장후선;장영화;김세라;강혜영
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제42권4호
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    • pp.251-260
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    • 2009
  • Objectives : To estimate the annual socioeconomic costs of stroke in Korea in 2005 from a societal perspective. Methods : We identified those 20 years or older who had at least one national health insurance (NHI) claims record with a primary or a secondary diagnosis of stroke (ICD-10 codes: I60-I69, G45) in 2005. Direct medical costs of the stroke were measured from the NHI claims records. Direct non-medical costs were estimated as transportation costs incurred when visiting the hospitals. Indirect costs were defined as patients and caregivers productivity loss associated with office visits or hospitalization. Also, the costs of productivity loss due to premature death from stroke were calculated. Results : A total of 882,143 stroke patients were identified with prevalence for treatment of stroke at 2.44%. The total cost for the treatment of stroke in the nation was estimated to be 3,737 billion Korean won (KRW) which included direct costs at 1,130 billion KRW and indirect costs at 2,606 billion KRW. The per-capita cost of stroke was 3 million KRW for men and 2 million KRW for women. The total national spending for hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke was 1,323 billion KRW and 1,553 billion KRW, respectively, which together consisted of 77.0% of the total cost for stroke. Costs per patient for hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke were estimated at 6 million KRW and 2 million KRW, respectively. Conclusions : Stroke is a leading public health problem in Korea in terms of the economic burden. The indirect costs were identified as the largest component of the overall cost.

취재환경 변화에 따른 기자의 정보추구행태 연구 (A Study on Newspaper Reporter's Information-Seeking Patterns)

  • 장선화
    • 한국문헌정보학회지
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    • 제39권3호
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    • pp.165-182
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    • 2005
  • 이 연구는 점점 개방되고 있는 취재환경 변화에 따른 기자들의 정보추구행태를 경력을 기준으로 비교분석하였다. 연구대상은 중앙 일간지 및 인터넷 신문에 근무하는 15년 이상의 간부기자 9명과 10년 미만의 평기자 11명을 대상으로 하였다. 기자들이 활용하는 정보원이 비공개된 정보에서 공개된 정보로 그 중심이 옮겨가고 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 간부기자는 인맥을 가장 중요한 정보원으로 인식하고 중요한 취재는 비공개된 사석에서 이루어진다고 하였다. 반면 평기자는 공개된 정보 수집에 더 많은 시간을 보내고 있으며, 비공개적인 취재보다는 전문성과 분석력을 갖춰야 취재경쟁에서 도태되지 않는다고 인식하였다.

Suicide Rate Differences by Sex, Age, and Urbanicity, and Related Regional Factors in Korea

  • Cheong, Kyu-Seok;Choi, Min-Hyeok;Cho, Byung-Mann;Yoon, Tae-Ho;Kim, Chang-Hun;Kim, Yu-Mi;Hwang, In-Kyung
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제45권2호
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    • pp.70-77
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    • 2012
  • Objectives: Identify the characteristics related to the suicide rates in rural and urban areas of Korea and discover the factors that influence the suicide rate of the rural and urban areas. Methods: Using the data on causes of death from 2006 to 2008, the suicide rates were calculated and compared after age-standardization based on gender, age group and urbanicity. And, in order to understand the factors that influence suicide rate, total 10 local characteristics in four domains - public service, social integration, residential environment, and economic status - were selected for multiple regression analysis. Results: The suicide rates were higher in men than women, in rural areas than urban, and in older people than the younger. Generally, although there were variations according to age group and urbanicity, suicide rates were significantly related to residential environment and regional economic status but not related to regional welfare spending and social integration. In addition, the population over the age of 65 years, only regional economic status has significantly influence on their suicide rates. Conclusions: The influence of characteristics of regions on suicide rate is various by age-group, gender, and urbanicity. Therefore, in order to lower suicide rate and reduce the gap between regions, various approaches must be adopted by taking into account the socioeconomic characteristics of the regions.

공중보건분야 치과위생사의 직무교육 인식도 (Awareness of dental hygienists about on-the-job training in public health sector)

  • 조은별;황윤숙;김영남;박덕영
    • 한국치위생학회지
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.85-99
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    • 2009
  • The purpose of this study was to examine the awareness of dental hygienists about on-the-job training in public health sector in an effort to stir up their on-the-job training(OJT) and to facilitate the planning of successful educational programs. A survey was conducted nationwide for two months in October and November 2006, and the answer sheets from 811 dental hygienists were analyzed. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. 40.7 percent of the dental hygienists investigated never underwent OJT geared toward public officials, which wasn't linked to oral health. 2. As for the experiences of professional oral health education(or OJT) as members of local public dental clinics by service term, 64.9 percent of the dental hygienists who had worked for less than 10 years never received that kind of education, and 70.5 percent of those with a 15-year or more career received that education just once(p<0.05). The dental hygienists who received that education viewed it favorably, as they found that to be conducive to their job performance. In the event of those who didn't receive that education, a lack of chance to do that was the most common reason. 3. In regard to motivation of receiving professional oral health education(or OJT), the largest rate of the dental hygienists who stood at 71.9 percent received that education voluntarily in pursuit of self-development and better job performance. The training programs provided by the oral health division of the Ministry for Health, Welfare and Family Affairs were excluded in this study. As to educational spending by the dental hygienists or their employers over the past two years, 56.9 percent paid 100 thousand to less than 500 thousand won. 46.6 percent never paid for that, and about 15.5 percent received education at their own expenses. Concerning the form of OJT, lectures were provided to 50.3 percent. 4. The dental hygienists who worked in local public health clinics hoped for more intensive and better education and training related to oral health projects.

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스웨덴, 프랑스, 독일, 영국, 일본, 한국의 아동 돌봄 체제와 사회투자에 대한 비교 연구 (A Comparative Analysis of Childcare Expansion and Social Investment in Sweden, France, Germany, the UK, Japan and South Korea)

  • 안미영
    • 한국사회정책
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.169-193
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    • 2013
  • 본 연구는 사회투자접근의 돌봄 체제의 국가 간 비교에 대한 분석학적 가능성과 유용성을 논의하고, 2000년대 스웨덴, 독일, 일본, 한국, 영국의 아동 돌봄 체제 변화에 대한 분석을 그 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 노동시장 활성화, 양성 평등, 돌봄의 질, 그리고 정부의 개입 정도를 분석하였다. 휴직제도와 돌봄 서비스 이용 아동비율을 고려하여 노동시장 활성화를 측정하였다. 양성평등의 경우, 노동시장에서의 양성평등에 집중하였으며, 25-54세 여성의 노동시장 참여율, 종사상의 지위와 성별 임금 격차를 고려하였다. 돌봄의 질은 돌봄 서비스의 질로 선생님 1인당 아동 비율과 정부가 제공하는 돌봄 서비스를 이용하는 아동의 비율을 포함하였다. 마지막으로 정부의 개입정도는 가족에 대한 사회지출의 GDP 대비, 총 사회비출 대비률을 이용하여 측정하였다. 본 연구는 아동 돌봄에 대한 높은 사회투자관점은 스웨덴, 프랑스, 영국에서 발견한다. 이 국가들은, 높은 활성화 정도, 노동시장에서의 양성 평등도, 높은 돌봄 서비스의 질과 가족에 대한 사회지출이 상대적으로 높은 나라들이다. 반면, 독일, 한국, 일본은 낮은 사회투자적 돌봄 체제로서 상대적으로 낮은 활성화, 양성평등, 돌봄 서비스의 질 그리고 국가에 의한 개입을 보이고 있다. 또한, 영국은 스웨덴과 프랑스와 세부적인 성격을 달리하는데, 상대적으로 낮은 양성 평등과 돌봄 제공으로서 시장의 기능에 대한 높은 의존성이 두드러진다. 독일은 동아시아 국가들과 낮은 사회투자정도로 동일하나, 상대적으로 높은 정부의 가족에 대한 사회지출과 노동시장에서의 높은 양성평등 면에서 상이함을 발견한다. 영국, 독일, 한국 그리고 일본은 아동돌봄에 대한 기존의 패러다임에서, 정도의 상이함은 뚜렷하게 보이나, 정책적 발전에 있어 체제 전환을 보이고 있다는 점에서 동일하다. 사회투자 관점은 돌봄체제의 국가 비교 연구의 분석학적 틀로서 그 유용성이 두드러진다고 하겠다. 정책의 변화에 따른 여성의 사회권뿐만 아니라, 돌봄 수혜자인 아동의 사회권에 대한 중요성을 부각시키며, 또한 정부, 시장, 가족, 지역사회간의 새로운 책임 분배 체제를 구축할 수 있는 가능성을 가지고 있기 때문이다. 사회투자적 접근이 돌봄 체제의 나아갈 방향으로 적절한 것인가? 이는 무급가사노동의 양성 평등, 여성 유급노동의 질적 개선, 국가에 의해 관리되는 보편적 제공 등의 도전과제의 해결을 통해 가능할 것이다.

대학체육시설의 이용현황 및 환경분석 조사연구 - D 대학 체육관의 거주후 평가를 중심으로 - (A Study on User's Condition and Environmental Analysis of University Sports Facilities - Focused on the D University Sports Center by the Post Occupancy Evaluation -)

  • 김성기
    • 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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    • 제19권6호
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    • pp.3-10
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this study is to examine the state of utilization in sport facilities at a university and drew up the improvement plan for all students. To accomplish this work, the survey of the 445 students(male 221, female 224) were collected. The collected data were analyzed through the frequency analysis. All of sports facility is used for wide range of student who like to use as their leisure in order to learn variety experience for spending their spare time. Also sports facility of university accomplish social education function to all member of university. Having sports facility for university can also work as a promotion and new impression to people its university image as well as welfare for staff. Especially, excellent sports facility at university can provide public service to local people where university is located. Having sport facility at university is directly related to development of university in many way, university is required to implement effective program for operating sport facility at university.