• 제목/요약/키워드: Public Product

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An Examination of the Effectiveness of Crisis Response Strategies for Repairing Competence and Integrity Violations

  • Sung, Yen-yi;Lee, Han-joon;Park, Jong-chul
    • Asia Marketing Journal
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.129-154
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    • 2013
  • Product-harm crises, which are connected to defective or dangerous products, are perceived as the most common threats to a company. Product harm crises can distort long standing favorable equality perceptions, tarnish a company's reputation, cause major revenue and market-share losses, lead to costly product recalls, and devastate a carefully nurtured brand equity. However, in spite of the devastating impact of product-harm crises, little systematic research exists to asses its marketing consequences. So, the purpose of this study is to investigate how Koreans react to the crisis response in the aftermath of different crises(competence violation vs. integrity violation) and inspire additional research in crisis communication. This study has three main findings which run counter to the assumptions of Kim et al.(2007). Namely, the current study expands on the research of Kim et al. (2004, 2007) by examining how companies repair customers' trust and corporate attitude after crises. Different from previous studies, this study assumes that apology for an integrity-based crisis is the most appropriate way to repair consumer trust and corporate attitude. As for competence-based crisis, similarly, apology for competence-based crisis can be more successful repairing consumer trust and corporate attitude. Concerning silence strategy, remaining silent dose not admit or deny guilt right away, but instead of asking the perceiver to withhold judgment, suggesting that, silence could be expected to be superior to apology but inferior to denial. Finally, apology for competence violation will be expected to bemore effective than apology for integrity violation. Research conceptual model was as follows: According to the results, apology is found to be the most effective strategy to repair corporate attitude no matter the crisis is perceived as a violation of competence or integrity. Second, company may consider keeping silent as a desirable response because they does not admit nor deny responsibility but ask the public to withhold judgment. However, the result of this study shows that, in the overall crisis situations, silence strategy did not differ significantly from the denial strategy, which suggested that the public wants explanation instead of uncertainty. Third, there was the interaction effect between crisis type and crisis response strategies. In this study, apology is more effective for the competence violated situation in terms of regaining consumer trust and repairing their attitude toward company, while the apology's effectiveness is lower for the integrity-violated situation. More specifically, when the crisis is perceived due to company's lack of ability(competence violation), consumer's trust belief and attitude toward the company is more easily to repair when the company issued a sincere apology. Damaged product is perceived less intentional so participants are more likely to give the company second chance when they apology to the public. By contrast, exaggerated advertisement(integrity violation) is perceived intentionally and thus makes participants angrier toward the accused company. Although apology is perceived as the most effective strategy, when issuing apology, it also means the company admitted their intention. Therefore, in this kind of crisis situation, trust repair needs not only a sincere apology but additional efforts.

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제조물책임(製造物責任) 관리활동(管理活勳)과 기업가치(企業價値)간의 상관관계 및 대응전략(對應戰略) 연구 (A Study of Pace Strategy & Correlation of Product Liability Management Activity, Enterprise Value)

  • 민동성;장석주;박노국
    • 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국벤처창업학회 2008년도 추계학술대회
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    • pp.285-334
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    • 2008
  • 2002년 제조물책임법이 시행된 이후 정부에서는 종합시책을 확정하고, 업종별 PL센터를 설립하여 소비자 상담과 분쟁에 적극 대응하고 있다. 그러나 아직 많은 기업들이 제품고유의 안전성 확보를 위한 철학과 기술을 가지고 있지 못하여 제조물책임법에 대한 대응체계가 미흡한 것이 사실이다. 본 연구의 목적은 제조물책임 관련 안전사고와 리콜실태, 소비자 위해실태, Pl보험사고 소송사례 등을 실증적 사례중심으로 검토 분석하여 이를 토대로 제조물책임이 기업가치에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 상호관계를 연구하고, 기업의 제조물책임 대응전략을 제시하는데 그 의미가 있다.

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제조물책임(製造物責任) 관리활동(管理活動)과 기업(企業) 가치(價値)간의 상관관계 및 대응전략(對應戰略) 연구 (A Study of Pace Strategy & Correlation of Product Liability Management Activity, Enterprise Value)

  • 민동성;장석주;박노국
    • 벤처창업연구
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    • 제3권3호
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    • pp.17-65
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    • 2008
  • 2002년 제조물책임법이 시행된 이후 정부에서는 종합시책을 확정하고, 업종별 PL센터를 설립하여 소비자 상담과 분쟁에 적극 대응하고 있다. 그러나 아직 많은 기업들이 제품고유의 안전성 확보를 위한 철학과 기술을 가지고 있지 못하여 제조물책임법에 대한 대응체계가 미흡한 것이 사실이다. 본 연구의 목적은 제조물책임 관련 안전사고와 리콜실태, 소비자 위해실태, Pl보험사고 소송사례 등을 실증적 사례중심으로 검토.분석하여 이를 토대로 제조물 책임이 기업 가치에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 상호관계를 연구하고, 기업의 제조물책임 대응전략을 제시하는데 그 의미가 있다.

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The Interaction Effects of the Shopping Situation and the Product Display Type on the Consumer Response in Mobile Shopping

  • Choi, Seung-Hoon;Lee, Dong Il;Lee, Hyejun
    • Asia Marketing Journal
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.119-135
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    • 2012
  • The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of the product display type on the consumers' purchase intention, attitude toward store, and revisit intention in the various mobile shopping situations. To test the hypothesis, between-subjects experiment with 3 mobile shopping situations (outdoor place, public transportation, commercial facilities) by 3 product display types (search, category, product) was conducted, and analyzed with ANCOVA (analysis of covariance). The result of the experiment shows there are no main effects of the mobile shopping situations and the product display types, but the interaction effects of the product display type and the mobile shopping situation on the purchase intention and the revisit intention are statistically significant. However the attitude toward the store is not affected by the treatments. Experiment results suggest that the positive consumer responses in terms of the purchase and revisit intention can be achieved when the product display is matched with the situation in the mobile shopping setting. Controlling consumers' evaluation on the product information and their experience of online shopping, we can take these effect as the results of match-up between the product display type and the situational factors surrounding mobile shopping. The result provides strong support for the location-based service in mobile shopping. Most of the mobile device can utilize the consumers' location which can be easily interpreted as the situational factors. With regard of the level of the external stimulation, the shopping service providers can offer the main interface with the right match with the consumers' situations. When the external stimulation level is high, they should provide the category display or product display in the target promotion in their mobile shopping apps. However if the target is on the way with the low external stimulation level, they should provide the search format as the main interface in their apps. More interestingly, this kind of manipulation does not affect the consumers' attitude toward the store according to our research result. Future research direction is discussed.

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Prevalence of hepatitis E virus antibodies in cattle in Burkina Faso associated with swine mixed farming

  • Tialla, Dieudonne;Cisse, Assana;Ouedraogo, Georges Anicet;Hubschen, Judith M.;Tarnagda, Zekiba;Snoeck, Chantal J.
    • Journal of Veterinary Science
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    • 제23권3호
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    • pp.33.1-33.10
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    • 2022
  • Background: Endemic circulation of human-specific hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotypes 1 and 2 may occult the importance of sporadic zoonotic HEV transmissions in Africa. Increasing numbers of studies reporting anti-HEV antibodies in cattle and the discovery of infectious HEV in cow milk has raised public health concern, but cattle exposure has seldom been investigated in Africa. Objectives: This study aimed at investigating the role of cows in the epidemiology of HEV in Burkina Faso and farmers habits in terms of dairy product consumption as a prerequisite to estimate the risk of transmission to humans. Methods: Sera from 475 cattle and 192 pigs were screened for the presence of anti-HEV antibodies while HEV RNA in swine stools was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Data on mixed farming, dairy product consumption and selling habits were gathered through questionnaires. Results: The overall seroprevalence in cattle was 5.1% and herd seroprevalence reached 32.4% (11/34). Herd seropositivity was not associated with husbandry practice or presence of rabbits on the farms. However, herd seropositivity was associated with on-site presence of pigs, 80.7% of which had anti-HEV antibodies. The majority of farmers reported to preferentially consume raw milk based dairy products. Conclusions: Concomitant presence of pigs on cattle farms constitutes a risk factor for HEV exposure of cattle. However, the risk of HEV infections associated with raw cow dairy product consumption is currently considered as low.

분무형 생활화학제품의 분사형태 분류제안과 부유비율 평가 (Classification Proposals for Spray Type and Airborne Fraction Ratio of Consumer Chemical Products)

  • 황성호;김민정;김민철;박정연;조현빈;이명호;이기영;조경덕;윤충식
    • 한국환경보건학회지
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    • 제49권6호
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    • pp.305-311
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    • 2023
  • Background: The National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER)'s classification of and airborne fraction ratio for consumer chemical products (CCP) does not reflect the characteristics of various product classifications. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to reclassify the types of spray products according to the diverse spray characteristics of CCPs to evaluate the airborne fraction ratio of representative spray types and to compare them with previous CCPs types and airborne fraction ratios. Methods: One thousand seven hundred two products were selected through market research, and 932 newly reported products were selected. After that, 200 were selected to evaluate products with potential inhalation exposure. After classifying six product types that are expected to show differences in the airborne fraction ratio according to the type of product, a final 38 products were selected for use in the airborne fraction ratio through random sampling. Results: CCP has been reclassified from two to six types so that the characteristics of all products are well-reflected. The NIER simply had two airborne fraction ratios, but the results of experiments with six types of products showed a significant difference in values (p<0.01). Airborne fraction ratios of propellant general foam, pump general aerosol, and pump trigger foam in spray type, which were not previously present in NIER, were 7.1%, 24.4%, and 3.5%, respectively. Conclusions: For the diversified types of CCPs, the newly proposed classification was more appropriate than the existing NIER classification. The airborne fraction ratio was also different for each type, so a new value was suggested.

인터넷 패션쇼핑몰의 반품요인에 따른 소비자 불평행동과 정보탐색행동에 관한 연구 (Study on Consumer's Complaints Behavior and Information Search Behavior According to Return Factors of the Internet Fashion Mall)

  • 김주희
    • 한국의류산업학회지
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    • 제12권6호
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    • pp.745-754
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    • 2010
  • This study is to find return factors when modern consumers purchase goods from an internet shopping mall and then to analyze the characteristics of complaints act and information search behavior. Subjects of research are 245 men and women, who have experience with more than one return in internet fashion shopping mall, in their twenties. The data were analyzed by using Factor analysis, Cronbach's analysis, one-way ANOVA, Duncan test as a post identification, Pearson's correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study are that male and female consumers in their 20s are mainly aware of the return factors: impulse buying, product status, deliver service, service after purchase, hype and comfortableness. And complains behavior often conduct public action, private action, nonaction. Information search behaviors for risk reduction when they purchase are product comparison, oral information search, neutral marketing information search, and service information search. The return factor from the internet fashion shopping had the greatest impact on public action and deliver services factor was a big complaint. In addition, impulse buying & Hype affect private action and non-action is influenced by impulse purchase. The consumer types by the return factors in internet fashion shopping mall are classified into the return group by deliver service, the return group by complex factors, and the return group by product status. Furthermore, there are significant differences in complaining behavior among these groups. In the information search behavior for reduction of risk factors, the return group by complex factors did more active information search behavior than the other groups. The return group by deliver service searched oral information and the return group by product status explored the neutral marketing information.

Gender Preferences for Men and Women Advertising Models in Saudi Arabia

  • Siddiqui, Kamran;Alahmadi, Marwah Adnan
    • Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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    • 제9권4호
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    • pp.352-367
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: This research aims to examine gender preferences for men and women advertising models in Saudi advertisements. Saudi Arabia is known as one of the most gender-segregated society in the world, and it has gender-specific roles, characteristics, and behaviors that are undesirable for the other gender. Methodology: The questionnaire was developed with the help of earlier studies on perceptions towards advertising models and validated by a jury of experts and focus groups. The gender preferences for ten product categories (including automobiles, baby care products, cigarettes, cosmetics for women, fashion, food & beverages, motorcycles, personal care for men, personal care for women, sporting goods) were examined for men and women models. Similarly, three personal preferences characteristics for both genders (face beauty, voice quality, and Islamic dress), two characteristics for women models (body shape, femininity), and two characteristics for men models (height-weight balance, masculinity) were examined for men and women models separately. Finally, a survey was conducted to solicit responses from respondents (N=412). Findings: Results indicated significant gender preferences for gender-specific product categories and typical gender stereotypes in advertising models. Men models were preferred in men-specific products, and women models were required in women-specific products. Some product categories (including personal care for men and sporting goods) were ranked higher for men advertising models, while for women advertising models, other product categories (including personal care for women and cosmetics for women) were ranked higher. Masculinity was ranked highest as the preferred personal characteristic for men advertising models, while voice quality was highest for women advertising models. Finally, there is a significant difference between the preferred personal characteristic for men and women advertising models for three characteristics, including face beauty, Islamic dress, and masculinity and femininity. Implications: Saudi Arabia is a unique society with predominantly unique cultural dominance. Consequently, local culture greatly influences advertisements. It has stereotyped gender roles even in advertisements. This study will establish a baseline for further research on the subject area.

소비자들의 구매행위 가치관 유형과 제품의 가격할인 유형이 제품태도에 미치는 영향 (An Effect of Consumers' Types of Buying Behavior Values and Types of Price Discount on Product Attitude)

  • 김은희;김화동
    • 디지털융복합연구
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    • 제12권10호
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    • pp.135-144
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    • 2014
  • 본 연구는 소비자들의 라이프스타일 중 구매행위의 가치관 유형과 제품의 가격할인 유형에 따라 제품태도에는 차이가 있는지 확인하였다. 먼저, 소비자들의 구매행위를 구성하고 있는 가치관 요인은 알뜰구매, 충동구매, 품질구매, 원리원칙구매로 도출되었다. 구매행위의 가치관 유형을 확인하기 위하여 군집분석 결과 고품질 충동구매, 합리적 구매, 실용적 구매로 분류되었다. 둘째, 소비자들의 구매행위 가치관 유형은 제품태도에 차이가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 셋째, 제품의 가격할인 유형과 소비자들의 구매행위 가치관 유형에 따른 제품태도에는 상호작용효과가 확인되었다. 넷째, 소비자들의 구매행위를 구성하고 있는 가치관 요인 중 알뜰구매 요인은 50% 가격할인 제품태도에 품질구매 요인과 충동구매 요인은 번들링 가격할인(1+1) 제품태도에 영향이 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 이상의 연구결과는 기업의 가격할인 전략수립 시 소비자들의 구매행위의 가치관과 제품의 가격할인 유형을 고려한 판매촉진 전략이 고려되어야 함을 시사하는 바이다.

공공 R&D 기관의 기술 상용화 과정에 관한 시스템 사고 분석 (The Analysis of System Thinking on the Commercialization of Public R&D Research Institute)

  • 김순선;김동환
    • 한국시스템다이내믹스학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국시스템다이내믹스학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 발표논문집
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    • pp.49-65
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    • 2007
  • Nowadays almost nations try to promote the competition of nation through the development of national science technology. Also Korea has been engaging in this race of through public research & development institute. But recently the commercialization of R&D products appears a poor result in the royalty of technology according weak technology transfer toward IT small and medium-sized enterprises. Even If we have been trying to find the problems and causes, as yet it is true that we don't solve clearly the problem, make a diagnosis about it. This paper analyzes the process of commercialization in public R&D research institute(ETRI: Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute) through system thinking and researches an interrelationship among government agency, public R&D research institute, and enterprise. This one can find the fact that between research fund and R&D products, transfer technology and royalty, and enterprise's operating profit and active technology transfer like adding technology development is a positive feedback loop. This positive feedback loop in the commercialization of public R&D research institute carries out very important role in examining problems in R&D product's commercialization. Also this paper looks forward to being a guide in the commercialization of public R&D research institute.

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