• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.3-20
• /
• 2019

This review aimed to identify risk factors for occupational accidents and illnesses among young workers in the Nordic countries and to attain knowledge on specific vulnerable groups within the young working force that may need special attention. We conducted a systematic review from 1994 to 2014 using five online databases. Of the 12,528 retrieved articles, 54 met the review criteria and were quality assessed, in which data were extracted focusing on identifying occupational safety, health risk factors, and vulnerable groups among the young workers. The review shows that mechanical factors such as heavy lifting, psychosocial factors such as low control over work pace, and organizational factors such as safety climate are all associated with increased injury risk for young Nordic workers. Results show that exposures to chemical substances were associated with skin reactions, e.g., hand eczema. Heavy lifting and awkward postures were risk factors for low back pain, and high job demands were risk factors for mental health outcomes. The review identified young unskilled workers including school drop-out workers as particularly vulnerable groups when it comes to occupational accidents. In addition, apprentices and young skilled workers were found to be vulnerable to work-related illnesses. It is essential to avoid stereotyping young Nordic workers into one group using only age as a factor, as young workers are a heterogeneous group and their vulnerabilities to occupational safety and health risks are contextual. Politicians, researchers, and practitioners should account for this complexity in the education, training and organization of work, and workplace health and safety culture.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
• /
• 제47권2호
• /
• pp.90-98
• /
• 2022

연구의 목적은 지역사회 거주하고 있는 노인들의 근감소증 가능군과 영양결핍 그리고 사회심리적 요인 등과의 관련성을 파악하고자 실시되었다. 연구대상자는 농촌지역 주민 중 60세 이상인 1,019명이다. 근감소증 가능군과 관련성에 포함된 변수는 영양상태, 사회심리적 요인(낙상에 대한 두려움, 자기효능감, 사회적 고립, 사회적 자본)이다. 근감소증의 기준은 개정된 아시아 진단기준에 따라 종아리 둘레로 의심자를 찾은 다음, 악력으로 평가하였다. 연구 결과 영양은 근감소증 가능군과 관련이 있었으며 사회심리적 요인 중에서는 낙상에 대한 두려움, 자기효능감이 근감소증 가능군과 직, 간접적으로 관련이 있었으며, 사회적 자본 중 사회적 참여는 영양결핍에 직접적으로 관련이 있고, 근감소증 가능군과는 간접적으로 관련이 있었다. 결론적으로 근감소증 가능군과 관련 있는 요인으로 영양결핍과 낙상에 대한 두려움 그리고 자기효능감 저하 등이 있고 영양결핍에 사회적 참여도 관련이 있어 지역사회의 근감소증 대상 보건사업에서는 이들 변수를 고려하여 실시되어야 한다.

• 우울조울병
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.158-162
• /
• 2018

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine psychosocial factors related to burnout of social welfare officers working in Jeonnam Province. Methods : A total of 395 social welfare officers (male 99, female 296) working in 22 areas of Jeollanam-do province, were subjects of this study. We examined socio-demographic factors, using a self-reporting questionnaire. Subjects were asked to complete the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSS), to assess psychosocial factors affecting to burnout of social welfare officers. Results : Among 395 subjects, 221 (55.9%) reported recent experiences of burnout. There was no significant difference in age between two groups, divided by burnout. Sex (p<0.001), rank (p=0.003), working period (p=0.034), depression (p<0.001) revealed differences between the burnout group and control group. Scores of PSS (p<0.001) were higher, while the scores of GSS (p<0.001) were lower in the burnout group, than control group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that female (OR 2.840, 95%CI 1.466-5.504, p=0.002), depressive high-risk group (OR 6.824, 95%CI 2.893-16.096, p<0.001) PSS (OR 1.247, 95%CI 1.153-1.349, p<0.001) and GSS (OR 0.950, 95%CI 0.930-0.971, p<0.001), were significantly associated with burnout. Conclusion : We found that some factors, were associated with experienced burnout in social welfare officers. Depressive symptoms were the strongest associative factor, for burnout in public servants in charge of social welfare. Sex, stress and self-efficacy also correlated with burnout, and especially self-efficacy was a protecting factor.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제104권4호
• /
• pp.657-667
• /
• 2015

본 연구에서는 인터넷중독 위험 청소년들에 대한 '산림치유(Forest Therapy)'의 생물학적, 신경인지적 및 심리사회적 영역에서의 효과를 살펴보았다. 청소년 인터넷중독 위험군을 대상으로 2박 3일 혹은 3박 4일 형태의 산림치유 캠프를 진행했고, 캠프 전-후로 참가자들의 혈청 뇌유래신경영양인자(BDNF), 종합주의력 검사(CAT) 그리고 우울(CDI) 및 상태 불안(STAI)을 포함한 다양한 심리사회적 변인들을 측정했다. 그 결과, 산림치유 캠프에 참가한 이후에 참가자들의 혈청 BDNF 수치 및 CAT의 수행점수가 증가했고, 인터넷/게임 욕구가 감소했으며, 회복탄력성 및 대인관계가 긍정적인 방향으로 변화하였다. 또한, 산림치유 캠프 노출량에 따라 집단을 구분하여 분석한 결과, 집단내에서 일부 불안 완화를 보고하기도 하였다. 전반적으로 인터넷중독 위험 청소년의 증상 개선 및 적응력 증가를 위한 산림치유의 적용가능성을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제38권6호
• /
• pp.326-331
• /
• 2012

Objectives: Stress may have an impact on treatment types that patients receive for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). This study sought to investigate the relationship between the stress index and type of treatments in patients with TMD. Materials and Methods: The psychosocial well-being index-short form (PWI-SF) was used to evaluate stress levels in ninety-two patients with TMD. Treatment types were classified into two groups: one group received counseling, physical therapy or medication, while the second group received splint therapy or surgical intervention. Results: The high-risk group (PWI-SF${\geq}27$, the higher the points, the more severe the stress level) was more frequently treated by splint therapy than the low-risk group (PWI-SF<27). Female TMD patients reported higher PWI-SF scores than male TMD patients. Conclusion: This study suggests a relationship between stress levels and treatment types for patients with TMD. Thus, the appropriate evaluation and management of stress could be an important factor in treating TMD.

• 정신신체의학
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.13-22
• /
• 2014

연구목적 2001년 이후로 유방암은 한국에서 가장 흔한 여성 암이 되었다. 진행 유방암으로 진단받을 고위험군을 확인하는 것은 유방암 사망률을 줄이기 위한 효과적인 방법 중 하나라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 유방암을 진단 받은 시점에서 진행 유방암과 연관된 사회인구학적, 건강행위 건강특성, 임상적 그리고 정신사회적 요인을 조사하며, 진행 유방암을 예측할 수 있는 요인을 밝히는 데 있다. 방법 경북대학교 병원에서 처음으로 유방암을 진단받고, 수술을 시행한 후 '유방암 환자들을 위한 스트레스 클리닉'에 자문 의뢰되어 정신의학적 면담이 시행된 219명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 기본 사회인구학적 자료를 비롯하여, 자가진단 및 유방촬영술의 규칙적 시행여부, 진단 당시의 병기, 유방암 발견 경위 등을 조사하였다. 정신사회적 요인으로는 경제적 및 가족적 부담, 부부관계기능, 가족관계기능 정도 등을 반구조화된 면담을 통해 파악하였다. 교차분석과 로지스틱 회귀분석으로 조기 유방암 환자군과 진행 유방암 환자군 간에 변수를 비교하고 진행 유방암 환자군을 예측할 수 있는 요인을 확인하였다. 결과 유방암을 진단받은 시점에서 120명(54.8%)이 진행 유방암으로 확인이 되었다. 단변량분석을 통하여 조기 유방암을 진단받은 환자군과 진행 유방암을 진단받은 환자군 사이에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 난 변수는 다음과 같았다. 건강행위 및 특성 변수로는 자가 검진행위(p<0.000), 매년 유방촬영술 시행여부(p<0.000)이었다. 암 관련 임상적 특징으로는 종양 발견경위(p<0.000), 첫 증상의 양상(p<0.000), 첫 증상 발견부터 치료까지 소요된 기간(p<0.000)이었다. 정신사회적 요인으로는 부부관계기능(p<0.000)과 가족관계기능(p=0.000), 과도한 경제적 가족적 부담(p=0.018)이었다. 로지스틱회귀분석을 통하여 매년 비진행 유방암에 영향을 미치는 독립인자로는 매년 유방암 선별을 위해서 실시하는 유방촬영술을 비정기적으로 시행하거나(OR=7.431 ; 95% CI 2.407-22.944), 전혀 시행하지 않는 경우(OR=25.299 ; 95% CI 7.855-81.482)였으며 정신사회적 요인으로는 기능 부전적 부부관계(OR=4.772 ; 95% CI 2.244-10.145)가 유일했다. 결론 본 연구를 통하여 진행 유방암 진단의 위험인자로 널리 알려진 비정기적 검진을 재확인하였으며, 이외에도 정신사회적 요인으로서 '비기능적 부부관계기능'을 밝혀냈다. 이러한 결과는 유방암을 조기에 진단하는데 전통적으로 인정되어 왔던 사회인구학적, 임상적 요인 이외에도 정신사회적 요인이 중요한 영역임을 시사한다.

• 정신신체의학
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.82-90
• /
• 2012

연구목적 : 위암은 국내에서 매우 빈번하게 발생하는 암이지만, 위암과 디스트레스 간의 관련성을 규명한 연구는 거의 없었다. 본 연구에서는 위암 환자의 디스트레스의 유병률을 조사하고 관련 위험인자를 알아보고자 한다. 방 법 : 일 종합병원 암센터에 입원한 274명의 위암 환자가 본 연구에 참여하였다. 모든 참여자에게 디스트레스를 평가하는 병원 불안 우울 척도가 시행되었으며, 사회인구학적 및 암 관련 임상 자료가 조사되었다. 결 과 : 153명(55.8%)의 위암 환자가 유의한 디스트레스를 나타내었다. 로지스틱 회귀분석에서 음주 경험이 있는 경우[오즈비(OR)=2.10, p=0.034]와 수행능력이 저하된 경우(OR=2.40, p=0.002)가 위암 환자의 디스트레스에 유의한 영향을 미치는 요인으로 밝혀졌다. 결 론 : 본 연구에서 약 반 수 이상의 위암 환자가 디스트레스를 겪고 있으며, 음주 경험과 낮은 수행 능력이 관련 위험 인자로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과로 위암 환자의 디스트레스에 대한 선별 평가 및 심리사회적 중재의 필요성을 확인하였다.

• 대한인간공학회지
• /
• 제31권5호
• /
• pp.687-694
• /
• 2012

Objective: This study aims to survey the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders(MSD) among Korean hospital workers and to analyze the relationship of MSD symptoms and workload perceived by workers. Background: Despite of high exposure to the MSD risk factors and high MSD symptom prevalence among health care workers, there were not enough studies of MSD prevalence among the hospital workers. Method: This study designed a survey based on Nordic questionnaire to obtain MSD symptoms and the degree of four perceived workloads: work repetition, urgency, physical exertion and satisfaction. In this survey, 1,846 workers in a hospital participated. The prevalence of MSD was analyzed for each body part, and MSD cases, which were predetermined in this study, were identified. The relationship between the MSD cases and each perceived workload was analyzed using chi-square test. Results: The pain in the shoulder was the most prevalent among the workers as 52%, and the low back(37%) and leg discomfort(36%) followed. The MSD cases, in which degree of pain was more than severe, were also the most prevalent in the shoulder(13%). Female workers had higher rate of MSD cases than the males. Among the four workload variables, the physical exertion was the statistically related to MSD cases for all the body parts. In addition, the others also had significant relation to MSD cases except one or two body parts. Conclusion: This study found that Korean hospital workers had MSD symptoms mainly in the shoulder, low back and legs in order, and the perceived workload surveyed in this study was highly correlated with MSD symptoms. Application: This study provides another evidence that subjective physical exertion perceived by workers is an important factor to explain MSD cases as same as the objective one.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.347-353
• /
• 2016

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relation between key strike forces and musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS). Moreover, this study presents a key strike force measurement method to be used in a workplace setting. The correlation between key strike force characteristics and MSS was previously studied, but the measurement methods used either a single-key switch or force platforms applied under the keyboard. Most of the studies were conducted in a laboratory setting. The uniqueness of measurement methods in the current study is their ability to measure forces applied to a specific key in a workplace setting and to provide more information about specific key strike forces during typing. Methods: Twenty-four healthy computer workers were recruited for the study. The demographic questionnaire, and self-reported questionnaires for psychosocial status (General Nordic Questionnaire for Psychological and Social Factors at Work) and for detecting MSS were filled up, which later helped in dividing the participants into two groups (12 participants with pain and 12 without pain). Participants typed a predetermined text that utilized the instrumented keys multiple times. The dynamic forces applied to the keys were recorded and collected, using four thin and flexible force sensors attached to the preselected keys according to their location. Results: The results demonstrated that participants with high levels of MSS, specifically in the back and neck, in the last year exerted significantly higher key strike forces than those with lower levels of symptoms (p < 0.005). Conclusion: The key strike force exerted while typing on a keyboard may be a risk factor for MSS, and should therefore be considered in ergonomic evaluations and interventional programs.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제56권7호
• /
• pp.275-281
• /
• 2013

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common type of medically intractable epilepsy in adults and children, and mesial temporal sclerosis is the most common underlying cause of TLE. Unlike in the case of adults, TLE in infants and young children often has etiologies other than mesial temporal sclerosis, such as tumors, cortical dysplasia, trauma, and vascular malformations. Differences in seizure semiology have also been reported. Motor manifestations are prominent in infants and young children, but they become less obvious with increasing age. Further, automatisms tend to become increasingly complex with age. However, in childhood and especially in adolescence, the clinical manifestations are similar to those of the adult population. Selective amygdalohippocampectomy can lead to excellent postoperative seizure outcome in adults, but favorable results have been seen in children as well. Anterior temporal lobectomy may prove to be a more successful surgery than amygdalohippocampectomy in children with intractable TLE. The presence of a focal brain lesion on magnetic resonance imaging is one of the most reliable independent predictors of a good postoperative seizure outcome. Seizure-free status is the most important predictor of improved psychosocial outcome with advanced quality of life and a lower proportion of disability among adults and children. Since the brain is more plastic during infancy and early childhood, recovery is promoted. In contrast, long epilepsy duration is an important risk factor for surgically refractory seizures. Therefore, patients with medically intractable TLE should undergo surgery as early as possible.