• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제9권spc호
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• pp.107-122
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 근골격계질환, 특히 직업성요통에 관련되는 위험요인의 영향을 종합적으로 살펴보고자 하였다. 첫째로 물리적인 요인의 영향을 알아보기 위하여 해석적인 인체역학 모델과 NIOSH(National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health) Guidelines를 이용하여 자동차 조립작업의 직업성 요통관련 위험도를 평가하였다. 총 246 작업자에 대한 분석을 수행하였는데, 분석결과 총 20개의 작업에서 L5/S1에서의 압축력이 300kg이 넘었으며 44개의 작업은 NIOSH Guidelines에 의한 분석결과, 최저허용기준치(ACTION LIMIT)을 넘는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째로 사회심리적 요인과 직업성요통의 관계에 대해 분석하였다. 사회심리적 요인의 영향을 알아보기 위하여 증상과 PWI(Psychosocial Well-being Index)를 토대로 한 설문을 이용하여 246명 작업자 모두에게 설문조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과 207명의 작업자가 직업성 요통증상을 경험한 적이 있으며 특히 27명의 작업자는 유병자로 분류된 바 있는 사람들이었다. PWI 점수를 근거로 하여 나눈 두 집단(저스트레스군, 고 스트레스군)은 증상이나 진단결과에 있어서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 또한 사회심리적 스트레스와 작업강도와의 관계를 살펴보면 주로 작업자세요인과 사회심리적 스트레스가 유의한 관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 직업성요통의 발생에 대하여 경로분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과 인구학적 요인, 사회심리적 요인, 작업특성 요인이 직업성 요통에 직접적으로 영향을 미쳤으며, 개인특성요인 즉, 작업경험, 흡연, 수면시간 등은 직업성요통에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 않은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 개인특성요인은 직업성 요통에 유의한 영향을 미치는 사회심리적 요인과는 밀접한 관계를 가졌다. 향후 다양한 직종에서의 이와같은 경험적 연구결과가 축적되어 우리나라의 조직문화적 특성을 고려한 직업성 요통에 대한 위험모델에 구축되어야 한다고 사료된다.

• 한국노년학
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.1383-1396
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 성공적 노화이론의 생의학적 이론과 사회심리학적 이론에 대한 각각의 선행요인인 주관적 건강 및 노인차별경험을 측정하여 어느 측면이 보다 성공적 노화에 영향을 주고 있는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 주요 결과를 보면, 첫째, 노인차별경험 중 무시차별경험이 다른 차별경험 보다 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 사회인구적 변수를 가지고 주관적 건강, 노인차별경험, 성공적 노화에 대한 차이를 분석한 결과 여성에 비해 남성이 높은 노인차별경험을 하고 있었다. 연령, 경제수준, 학력에서도 주관적 건강 및 차별경험 일부에서 차이를 나타냈다. 마지막으로, 이 연구의 주요목적인 성공적 노화에 영향을 미치는 요인을 알아보기 위하여 위계적 회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 주관적 건강과 차별경험 중 재산차별이 성공적 노화에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과를 통해 우리는 성공적 노화를 위해서 주관적 건강(생의학적 측면의 선행변수)이 노인차별경험(사회심리학적 측면의 선행변수) 보다 중요한 설명력을 갖는다는 사실을 검증했다. 이를 통해 효과적인 건강증진사업 등의 정책 입안 및 시행이 우선적으로 필요하다는 것이 입증되었으며, 노인차별을 위한 방지대책도 사회적인 논의가 필요하다는 것이 입증되었다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.77-87
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of the mentoring function and mentor trust on the intention to reparticipate in the mentoring program, focusing on university students in fashion related departments. To achieve the purpose, research was conducted through a survey questionnaire. The questionnaire data from 223 university students in fashion related departments who experienced mentoring programs were analyzed. SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 7.0 statistical packages were used to investigate a structural model and test research hypotheses. The results derived from the analysis of the questionnaire survey were summarized as follows. First, the result showed that the mentoring function was composed of three factors: a sensitivity developmental function, psychosocial function, and fashion career developmental function. Second, the sensitivity developmental function, psychosocial function, and fashion career developmental function positively affected mentor trust. Third, the sensitivity developmental function positively affected the intention to reparticipate in the mentoring program, while the psychosocial function and fashion career developmental function did not influence the intention to reparticipate in the mentoring program. Fourth, mentor trust positively influenced the intention to reparticipate in the mentoring program. The results of the current study would be useful for the professor and university administrator who would like to establish a mentoring program in a fashion related department, by exploring the relation of mentoring function, mentor trust and the intention to reparticipate in the mentoring program.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1473-1478
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• 2016

Background: Cigarette smoking is as the leading cause of cancer mortality and other chronic diseases in males worldwide. The prevalence of cigarette smoking is different across and within countries by age, education level, occupation, and so on. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of cigarette smoking and its relationship with individuals' demographic factors and BMI in adolescent men living in Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods: This study involved secondary analysis of the 'Urban Health Equity Assessment and Response Tool-2' survey conducted in Tehran, Iran, among men aged 20+, 2011-2012. Using a multistage sampling method, 45,990 men were included in the study. The cigarette smoking status, BMI and demographic factors measured through a self-administered questionnaire. Chi-square, t-test, and logistic regression model were used to examine the relationships between the independents variables and cigarette smoking behavior, using SPSS software version 21. Results: In the total of 45,990 men, the overall prevalence of cigarette smoking was 14.6% (CI 95%: 14.29-14.94). Age (OR=0.96; CI 95%:0.94-0.98), house ownership (OR=0.68; CI 95%: 0.64-0.72), job status (OR=0.60; CI 95%: 0.46-0.86), marital status (OR=0.42; CI 95%: 0.39-0.47) and educational levels (OR=0.50; CI95%: 0.45-0.54) were associated with the prevalence of cigarette smoking. However, associations with BMI, family size, residency years, and district were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Given the relatively high prevalence of cigarette smoking in the study population, policy interventions are required to address this major public health issue, with a focus on the population demographic influences.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.390-402
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• 2009

This study aimed to examine the general characteristics of individual workers, psychosocial working environment, and ergonomic risk factors which affect the status of musculoskeletal disorders. Self-report was carried out for musculoskeletal symptoms and ergonomic risks in working environment in 856 production workers in 16 small to medium sized manufacturing companies. Musculoskeletal symptoms were examined with a standardized questionnaire, and ergonomic risks were evaluated with a qualitative self-administered instrument for the tasks related to musculoskeletal disorders. Major findings were as follows: 1) Complaint rate for musculoskeletal symptoms was higher in female, aged, married workers with longer working hours, less leisure/hobby activity, longer household working hours and history of disease or accident. 2) Complaint rate for musculoskeletal symptoms was significantly higher in workers with dissatisfaction, difficult tasks, and no self-control at work. 3) Complaint rate for musculoskeletal symptoms was significantly higher in workers involved in tasks with major ergonomic risk factors, and handling heavy equipment. 4) Explanatory power increased the model with the musculoskeletal symptoms as dependent variable and demographic variables, psychosocial working environment and ergonomic risk factors included, and total explanatory power of 18.6% revealed the significant effect. Based on the results, we can conclude that musculoskeletal symptoms in manufacturing workers are associated with individual demographic characteristics, psychosocial working environment and ergonomic risk factors.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.454-461
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• 2018

Background: Working conditions and psychosocial work factors have acquired an important role explaining the well-being and performance of professional drivers, including those working in the field of public transport. This study aimed to examine the association between job strain and the operational performance of public transport drivers and to compare the expositions with psychosocial risk at work of three different types of transport workers: taxi drivers, city bus drivers, and interurban bus drivers. Method: A sample of 780 professional drivers was drawn from three transport companies in Bogota (Colombia). The participants answered the Job Content Questionnaire and a set of sociodemographic and driving performance questions, including age, professional driving experience, work schedules, and accidents and penalties suffered in the last 2 years. Results: Analyses showed significant associations between measures of socio-labor variables and key performance indicators such road traffic accidents and penalties. Furthermore, multiple linear regression analysis contributed to explain significantly suffered accidents from key variables of the Job Demand-Control model, essentially from job strain. In addition, throughout post-hoc analyses, significant differences were found in terms of perceived social support, job strain, and job insecurity. Conclusion: Work stress is an issue that compromises the safety of professional drivers. This research provides evidence supporting a significant effect of job strain on the professional driver's performance. Moreover, the statistically significant differences between taxi drivers, city bus drivers, and interurban bus drivers in their expositions to work-related stress suggest the need for tailored occupational safety interventions on each occupational group.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.295-304
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• 2015

Background: While attention has been paid to physical risks in the work environment and the promotion of individual employee health, mental health protection and promotion have received much less focus. Psychosocial risk management has not yet been fully incorporated in such efforts. This paper presents good practices in promoting mental health in the workplace in line with World Health Organization (WHO) guidance by identifying barriers, opportunities, and the way forward in this area. Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 17 experts who were selected on the basis of their knowledge and expertise in relation to good practice identified tools. Interviewees were asked to evaluate the approaches on the basis of the WHO model for healthy workplaces. Results: The examples of good practice for Workplace Mental Health Promotion (WMHP) are in line with the principles and the five keys of the WHO model. They support the third objective of the WHO comprehensive mental health action plan 2013-2020 for multisectoral implementation of WMHP strategies. Examples of good practice include the engagement of all stakeholders and representatives, science-driven practice, dissemination of good practice, continual improvement, and evaluation. Actions to inform policies/legislation, promote education on psychosocial risks, and provide better evidence were suggested for higher WMHP success. Conclusion: The study identified commonalities in good practice approaches in different countries and stressed the importance of a strong policy and enforcement framework as well as organizational responsibility for WMHP. For progress to be achieved in this area, a holistic and multidisciplinary approach was unanimously suggested as a way to successful implementation.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to identify psychosocial factors associated with smoking cessation attempts among Korean high school students who engage in intermittent and light smoking. Methods: Cross-sectional secondary data derived from the 2018 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey were analyzed within the framework of the biopsychosocial model. The sample comprised 829 high school students who reported current intermittent and light smoking, which was defined as cigarette smoking on 1~29 days in a 30-day period and no more than 10 cigarettes per day. Purposeful selection logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: In total, 71.7% (n=586) of the respondents had tried to stop smoking during the past 12 months. The main result was that respondents who had viewed an anti-smoking advertisement in the past year significantly more smoking cessation attempts than those who had not (adjusted odds ratio=2.59; 95% confidence interval=1.45~4.62, p=.001). Conclusion: To encourage smoking cessation attempts among high school students who engage in intermittent and light smoking, healthcare providers, including school and community nurses, should develop effective interventions using anti-smoking advertisements tailored to adolescents' interests and developmental stage.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.109-119
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to develop the concept of resilience focusing on cancer patients in Korea. Methods: This study was done in three phases sugggested in the Hybrid Model; theoretical phase, fieldwork phase, and analytical phase. Eight cancer patients participated in the fieldwork phase. Results: The antecedent of the concept of resilience was the crisis or adversity that threatens life or changes the quality of life. The attributes of resilience were psychosocial, relational, situational confrontation and faith (philosophical) characteristics. 1) Psychosocial : self worth, self efficacy, self-confidence, independence, optimistic & positive mind, strong will, and responsibility, 2) Relational : relation-oriented, intimacy, and social interests, 3) Situational confrontation : appraisal of stress situation, problem-oriented coping, and ability to applicate a new situation, 4) Faith (philosophical) : the belief that self-knowledge is valuable, finding positive meanings, religious belief, a belief that lives are worthwhile and meaningful, and a balanced perspective of one's life. The consequences of resilience were acceptance of adversity, getting through one's dread and apprehensions, and gratitude & sharing life. The contributing factor of resilience is positive family support. Conclusion: The concept of resilience is necessary in order to manage cancer patients for promoting quality of life so that its application may have a positive impact on the patients care.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify the levels of anxiety, depression and uncertainty of patients who participated in the clinical trials for anticancer drug, and to identify correlations among these variables. Methods: Cross-sectional survey used the Symptom Check List-90-Revision and the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale from 106 subjects in 2011. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: The mean score of anxiety was 2.06, that of depression 2.35, and that of uncertainty 2.61. Anxiety and depression (r=.70), anxiety and uncertainty (r=.44), depression and uncertainty (r=.60) were significantly correlated each other. The levels of anxiety, depression and uncertainty were different in various characteristics of the subjects, such as education, recurrence, and economic burden. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that when implementing psychosocial interventions for cancer patients who participate in clinical trial, factors such as education, economic burden, and recurrence should be integrated into the intervention. Further studies applying theoretical model would be helpful to identify directional relationships among the variables that are important in psychosocial well-being of cancer patients undergoing clinical trial.