• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2018

Background: Psychosocial risk management [Psychosocial Risk Management Approach (PRIMA)] has, through the years, been applied in several organizations in various industries and countries globally. PRIMA principles have also been translated into international frameworks, such as PRIMA-EF (European framework) and the World Health Organization Healthy Workplace Framework. Over the past 10 years, an oil and gas company has put efforts into adopting and implementing international frameworks and standards for psychosocial risk management. More specifically, the company uses a PRIMA. Methods: This study explores available quantitative and qualitative risk data collected through the PRIMA method over the past 8 years in order to explore specific and common psychosocial risks in the petroleum industry. Results: The analyses showed a significant correlation between job resources and symptoms of work-related stress, there was a significant correlation between job demands and symptoms of work-related stress, and there were differences in psychosocial risk factors and symptoms of work-related stress onshore and offshore. The study also offers recommendations on how the results can further be utilized in building a robust system for managing psychosocial risks in the industry. Conclusion: The results from the analyses have provided meaningful and important information about the company-specific psychosocial risk factors and their impact on health and well-being.

• 한국가족관계학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.47-72
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• 2016

According to the survey by the Ministry of Unification, 28,133 live in South Korea as of september 2015 and the number has been steadily increased. It is interesting to note that the majority of defectors were women. Statistics say that the total of women defectors was 1,138 in 2002 and consisted of 55.5%. But the number increased to 2,706 in 2011 and consisted of 70.5%(Wikipedia, 2015). Most of them have trauma, because they experienced terrible events like prostitution, sexual abuse, domestic violence, etc. while they were living in South Korea. They had to get over a lot of challenges they never expected. They had to do whatever they need to do for their survival in South Korea as well as in North Korea. Objectives: This study focuses on identifying the psychosocial resources available for them in order to help them out living here. Method: For this purpose, this study conducted unstructured in-depth interviews with four women defectors from North Korea. Their age bracket is between the ages of 50 and 58 and they have stayed over five years in South Korea. They were recommended by social welfare workers, who had dealt with them over 20 years. For the reliability of this study, the three methods were performed such as three-month close relationship, three-person triangular verification, and diversification of resources-the field notes and observation notes. Results: As a result of this study, the resources may be labeled into three main clusters of themes such as 1) Self-Preservation - 'Self-Love', 'Family-Attachment', 'Share the Goods', 'Live in Harmony', 'Avoidance of conflict'; 2) Self-Conquest - 'Endurance', 'Earnestness and Effort', 'My own Activities', 'Chat', 'Put Down', 'Appreciation and Optimism'; 3) Self-Presence Awareness - 'I was a Precious Daughter', 'I am Mother'. Also there are thirteen sub categories to be considered. Conclusions: This study focuses on identifying how women defectors have used or can use the psychosocial resources available for them, rather than what they have struggled with. It is meaningful to identify in a positive light that this study provides how they have adjusted to a totally different context for their survival and what psychosocial resources they have used. This study can give an idea about how they may receive proper and practical help from the government programs in order to become better used to new living circumstances in South Korea. As well, this study can provide meaningful criteria and guidance with family life educators for women defectors and social workers working in counseling and social welfare areas. This study contributes to better understanding about how they are using these psychosocial resources.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.454-464
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing psychosocial well-being in family caregivers of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods: A descriptive correlational design was used. The transactional model of stress and coping was used to investigate the psychosocial well-being of 137 family caregivers of patients with ALS. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires from January to November 2016. Data were analyzed using an independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis with the SPSS WIN 21.0 program. Results: The regression model had an adjusted $R^2$ of .49, which indicated that meaning-focused coping, social support, ALS patient-family caregiver relationship (especially a spousal relationship), and tracheostomy were significant predictors of caregivers' psychosocial well-being. Conclusion: Meaning-focused coping and social support significantly influenced caregivers' psychosocial well-being. Therefore, interventions to improve caregivers' psychosocial well-being must focus on increasing meaning-focused coping and social support resources.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.431-442
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• 2020

Background: Psychosocial risks are increasingly a type of risk analyzed in organizations beyond chemical, physical, and biological risks. To this type of risk, a greater attention has been given following the update of ISO 9001: 2015, more precisely the requirement 7.1.4 for the process operation environment. The update of this normative reference was intended to approximate OHSAS 18001: 2007 reference updated in 2018 with the publication of ISO 45001. Thus, the organizations are increasingly committed to achieving and demonstrating good occupational health and safety performance. Methods: The aim of this study was to characterize the psychosocial risks in a cryopreservation laboratory and to develop a predictive model for psychosocial risk management. The methodology followed to collect the information was the inquiry by questionnaire that was applied to a sample comprising 200 employees. Results: The results show that most of the respondents are aware of the psychosocial risks, identifying interpersonal relationships and emotional feelings as the main factors that lead to this type of risks. Furthermore, terms such as lack of resources, working hours, lab equipment, stress, and precariousness show strong correlation with psychosocial risks. The model presented in this study, based on artificial neural networks, exhibited good performance in the prediction of the psychosocial risks. Conclusion: This work presents the development of an intelligent system that allows identifying the weaknesses of the organization and contributing to the enhancement of the psychosocial risks management.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.425-430
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• 2023

Background: It is acknowledged that legislation acts as a motivator for organizational action on psychosocial risks. Our study aims to provide evidence on the relationship between key occupational safety and health (OSH) policy principles and organizational action on work-related stress, and, in turn, with reported employee job demands and resources and their experience of work-related stress. We focus on Italy where specific legislation and practices on work-related stress were introduced in 2008 which are underpinned by these key OSH policy principles. Methods: Secondary analysis of the Italian samples from the employer ESENER-2 and employee 6th EWCS surveys was conducted, using path analysis in structural equation modeling (SEM) linking the two datasets. Results: We found a strong statistically significant relationship between OSH policy principles and organizational action on work-related stress (C.I. = .62-.78 p < .001). The existence of an organizational action plan on work-related stress was found to be significantly associated with more reported job resources (C.I. = .02-.24, p < .05) but these were not found to be significantly associated with less work-related stress. No significant association was found between having an organizational action plan for work-related stress and reported job demands. However, job demands were significantly related to reported work-related stress (C.I. = .27-.47, p < .001). Conclusions: Findings add support to the call for specific legislation on work-related psychosocial risks and highlight how an organizational OSH culture underpinned by key OSH principles, and awareness/competence development on psychosocial risk management can have a positive effect on organizational action. However, further support needs to be provided to organizations around developing primary prevention interventions at the organizational level with the aim of reducing job demands.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.220-226
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• 2022

Background: Research on the impact of psychosocial risks on well-being at work remains scarce in low- and middle-income countries, especially in the banking sector. This study sought to examine the relationships between job demands, job resources, well-being, job satisfaction, and work engagement in the Zimbabwean banking sector. Methods: An online survey was administered to 259 employees from five banks. Hierarchical multiple regression tested the relationships between job demands (quantitative demands, emotional demands, work pace, and work-family conflict), job resources (possibilities for development, social support from colleagues and supervisors, quality of leadership, and influence at work), well-being, work engagement, and job satisfaction. Interactions between all variables were tested. Results: Job demands were negatively related to well-being, work engagement, and job satisfaction. Job resources had positive relationships with the same. Work pace had positive relationships with well-being and work engagement. Influence at work moderated the relationship between emotional demands and work pace with well-being. Possibilities for development moderated the relationship between work-family conflict and well-being. Work-family conflict moderated the relationship between social support from colleagues and job satisfaction. Emotional demands, work pace, and quantitative demands moderated the relationship between influence at work with job satisfaction and work engagement. Conclusion: Job demands should be reduced where possible in order to enhance employee well-being, work engagement, and job satisfaction. The job resources that should be availed to facilitate a positive psychosocial work environment in the banking sector include social support from supervisors, influence at work, and possibilities for development.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.66-80
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• 2001

인생을 살아가는 동안 누구든지 스트레스를 경험한다. 심리사회적 스트레스 요인은 매우 다양하다. 또한 그에 대한 개인의 스트레스평가, 대응, 반응들도 매우 다양하다. 여기에는 개인차가 많이 있는데, 개인적 자원이나 취약성 인자와 같은 개인적 소인의 영향을 받기 때문이다. 이러한 스트레스과정의 결과로서, 개인은 정신적 성장의 기회가 되거나, 정신적, 신체적 적응(안녕)에 변화가 없을 수도 있으며, 또는 부적응(질병) 상태를 초래할 수 있다. 따라서 개인에게 맞는 스트레스 예방관리나 치료법이 필요하다. 진료의사가 임상현장에서 스트레스 관련 환자들을 진료할 때 스트레스의 전반적인(특히 심리사회적) 이해가 필수적이다. 저자는 그러한 이해를 돕기 위해서 심리사회적 측면의 스트레스와 관련된 문헌들을 포괄적으로 고찰하였다.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제37권
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• pp.195-216
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• 1999

고위험 빈곤청소년이란 동일한 빈곤 상황에서도 청소년기의 적절한 성장과 발달에 유해한 영향을 미치는 다양한 개인적, 환경적 위험을 보다 많이 겪고 있는 청소년들을 일컫는다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 고위험 빈곤청소년들이 경험하는 위험의 내용과 주관적 괴로움 정도를 고찰하고 이들의 심리사회적 적용에 영향을 마치는 다양한 개인적, 환경적 특성을 도출하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 최저수준의 생존상태에서 살아가는 극빈 가구들인 생활보호대상가구의 청소년을 고위험 빈곤청소년으로 정의하고, 351명의 생활보호대상가구의 청소년 자녀를 대상으로 조사연구를 수행했다. 연구결과, 생활보호대상가구의 청소년들은 만성적인 생활조건에서 기인한 스트레스를 경험하고 있는 것으로 나타났고, 이러한 스트레스는 크게 가정환경관련 스트레스 의료 및 경제적 스트레스, 낙인이나 편견에 의한 스트레스로 나뉘어짐을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 다양한 위험요소에서 기인하는 스트레스는 우울/불안과 같은 정서적 문제성향을 야기하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나, 환경적으로 동일한 스트레스를 받는다고 할지라도 자존감과 같은 개인적 특성을 갖는 청소년들은 우울/불안과 같은 내재화되는 문제성향이 상대적으로 적고, 학업성취는 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 동일한 고위험 스트레스 상황에서도 민주적인 가정환경과 지지적인 학교환경이 뒷받침되면 학업성취에도 긍정적일 뿐 아니라 비행과 같이 행동화되는 문제성향향도 경감되는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.582-592
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to eating breakfast for middle and high school students in Seoul using the Theory of Planned Behavior. Out of 2,280 questionnaires distributed to 22 schools, 2,060 were returned (90.4% response rate) and 1,899 were analyzed (83.3% analysis rate). Gender, self-perceived household income level and mother's working status were examined as demographic factors. "Attitude", "Subjective norm", "Perceived difficulty in access to breakfast", "Perceived time restriction" and "Self restriction to breakfast" were extracted as psychosocial factors as the results of factor analysis and reliability test using 17 items. In case of middle school students, boys were more likely to skip breakfast than girls. The students perceiving their household income level "low or middle low" were more likely to skip breakfast than those who perceived their household income level "high or middle high". The students whose mother had a job tended to skip breakfast than those whose mother had no job. In case of high school students, the students perceiving their household income level "low or middle low" tended to skip breakfast than those perceiving their household income level "high or middle high". The results of analysis of variance, all the psychosocial factors examined in this study-"Attitude", "Subjective norm", "Perceived difficulty in access to breakfast", "Perceived time restriction" and "Self restriction to breakfast"- were related to the frequencies of eating breakfast during weekdays in both the middle and high school students.

• 한국노년학
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.1611-1628
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• 2009

건강상태와 심리사회적 요인이 우울증상과 밀접한 관련이 있다는 것은 기존연구를 통하여 널리 알려진 사실이다. 하지만 기존의 종단데이터 부족과 분석방법의 한계로 이러한 변수들과 우울증상 궤적과의 관계에 대해서는 알려진 바가 많지 않다. 이러한 기존 연구의 한계를 염두에 두고, 본 연구는 건강상태 및 심리사회적 요인과 우울증상의 궤적간의 관계를 살펴보는 것을 주 목적으로 한다. 본 연구는 전국 대표샘플인 한국복지패널데이터 1, 2, 3차 자료를 이용하여 60세 이상의 노인들(N=4,919)의 우울궤적 예측요인을 잠재성장모형을 이용하여 분석하였다. 사회경제적 변수를 통제한 상태에서 건강변수와 심리사회적 변수들이 우울궤적에 미치는 영향은 기존연구와 유사한 점도 있지만 다른 점도 있는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로 건강변수는 우울증상의 수준에는 영향을 미치지만 우울증상의 변화속도에는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 반면 심리사회적 변수는 기존 연구와 동일하게 모두 우울수준에 영향을 미치지만, 기존 연구와는 다르게 변수에 따라서 우울증상의 변화속도에 미치는 영향은 상이한 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 자아존중감과 가족관계 변수는 우울증상 변화속도에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 반면, 사회적 관계는 우울증상 변화속도에 부정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 실천 및 향후 연구를 위한 함의를 논의하였다.