• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.56-64
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• 2020

Purpose: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is a mosaic of clinical signs and symptoms that can be regarded as a set of phenotypes that are affected by various factors including pain sensitivity, pain disability, sleep and psychological functioning. The aims of this study were to evaluate association of pain experience, sleep quality and psychological distress with different phenotypes of TMD patients. Methods: This retrospective study included a cohort (n=1,858; 63.8% for female, mean age=34.9±15.9 years) of patients with TMD. A set of self-administered questionnaires concerning pain interference (Brief Pain Inventory), pain disability (Graded Chronic Pain Scale), sleep quality (Pittsburg Sleep Questionnaire Index), psychological distress (Symptom Checklist-90 revised), and pain catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale) were administered to all participants at the first consultation. All TMD patients were classified into four groups including TMD with internal derangement without pain (TMD_ID, n=370), TMD with joint pain (TMD_J, n=571), TMD with muscle pain (TMD_M, n=541) and TMD with muscle-joint combined pain (TMD_MJ, n=376). Results: The female ratio was particularly high in the group with TMD_MJ (p=0.001). The patients with muscle pain and both muscle and joint pain had longer symptom duration (p=0.004) and presented significantly higher scores in pain experience (p<0.001), subjective sleep quality (p<0.001), pain catastrophizing (p<0.001) and psychological distress (p<0.05) except for paranoid-ideation than the groups with only joint problems. Conclusions: The results of this study highlight the importance of multi-dimensional approach that consider pain disability, sleep quality, and psychological functioning in the management of TMD with muscle component. This study would contribute to a better understanding of interaction between heterogeneous TMD and multiple risk factors in order to build tailored treatment based on different phenotypes.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.248-258
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the factors influencing symptom experience in patients with liver cirrhosis(LC). Method: A descriptive correlational study design was used. A convenience sample of 129 subjects was recruited from the gastroenterology department at two university hospitals in Seoul, Korea. Symptom experience in LC was measured with the instrument developed by the researcher based on Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms(Lenz et al, 1995) and the Child-Pugh Score, the Korean version of Profile of Mood States, and the Family Support Questionnaire were used to identify the factors influencing symptom experience. Results: The mean score of symptom experience was relatively low(M=41.67, SD= 24.71). Among individual symptoms, fatigue had the highest score in all dimensions. Fatigue, abdominal distension and/or peripheral edema, muscle cramps, dry mouth, and change in appearance were explored as symptoms needing management. In the regression analysis, symptom experience was found to be influenced significantly by anxiety/depression($R^2=.418$, p=.000) and the severity of LC(Child-Pugh Score)($R^2=.125$, p=.000). These variables explained 54.3% of the variance in symptom experience(F=63.607. p=.000). Conclusion: It suggests that nurses need to take into consideration psychological factor as well as physiological factor in symptom management for patients with LC.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.61-70
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• 2008

Purpose: Women with gynecologic cancer often experience various physical and psychological symptoms relating to the cancer and its treatment. The purpose of this study was to identify symptom clusters. Method: A survey was conducted on 184 women with diagnoses of cervical, ovarian or endometrial cancer. Fifty symptoms were assessed for prevalence, severity and interference, and symptom clusters were identified. Cluster analysis was done using SPSS version 12.0. Results: Fatigue was identified as the most prevalent symptom (81.52%), lack of vaginal lubrication (2.26) as the most severe symptom, and lack of vaginal lubrication as the most interfering one (2.15). Identified six clusters were: Anorexia-pain cluster (loss of appetite, taste change, weight loss, appearance change, alopecia, weakness, pain), Fatigue cluster (lack of concentration, lack of memory, fatigue, dry mouth), Urinary-bowel distress cluster (urinary difficulty, constipation), Abdominal discomfort cluster (lower abdominal pain, abdominal pain, bloating), Emotional distress (sadness, anxiety-worry, nervousness, restlessness), and Menopausal cluster (sweating, hot flush, fever). Conclusion: The result of this study provides fundamental data to health care professionals in developing interventions for effective symptom management for women with gynecologic cancer by understanding identified 6 symptom clusters.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.371-379
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• 2015

This study examined the symptoms of temporomandibular disorder and the relationship with the psychological character using Symptom Check List-90-Revision (SCL-90-R). The self-administered questionnaire survey was implemented from March 1, 2014 to June 30, 2014 targeting 294 University Students in Daejeon and Gangwon area aged 20-31 years old (Men 140 persons, Women 54 persons). The data showed that the teeth grinding and the unilateral chewing out of corrupt practices in the mouth in relation to the use of the lower jaw showed a significant correlation (p<0.01) with the depth of symptoms of temporomandibular disorder, as the result of the simple psychodiagnosis inspection (SCL-90-R), and a significant correlation (p<0.05) with the depth of symptoms of temporomandibular disorder in the item excluding phobic anxiety (PHOB). The somatization (SOM) criteria out of individual psychological characteristic appeared to have the significant plus (+) effect on the depth of symptoms of temporomandibular disorder as a result of implementing multiple regression analysis by controlling the individual characteristic variables to check the influence of the psychological character of the study object on the symptom of temporomandibular disorder.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.297-305
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate eating habits and the frequency of trigger-food consumption in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and to examine the associations of these variables with IBS symptom severity. Methods: We included 145 ROME III-positive IBS patients (mean age 31.2 years, 73.8% of female). Subjects completed an eating-habits and food-consumption questionnaire, IBS-Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS) and Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18) for psychological distress. Results: Subjects with unhealthy eating-habits such as irregular meal times, frequently eating out and overeating tended to show higher IBS symptom severity. The severity of IBS symptoms related to the frequency of the consumption of trigger foods. Subjects who ate trigger-foods (i.e., tofu, beans, almonds, and peanuts) less frequently showed higher IBS symptom severity (p=.045, .042, .016, and .019, respectively). However, subjects who ate spicy foods, instant foods, and noodles more frequently experienced more severe IBS symptoms (p=.018, .011, and .023 respectively). Conclusion: This study showed that IBS symptom severity was related to meal intake patterns and frequency of trigger food consumption. These findings could provide a basis for developing an intervention program for IBS patients.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2019

Purpose : It is widely accepted that addressing multiple symptoms together is the preferred approach in assessment and intervention and results in reduced negative patient outcomes. Yet, there are few studies examining symptom clusters and their impacts on quality of life longitudinally in patients after heart valve surgery. Methods: A total of 101 patients were recruited from a tertiary hospital and were administered questionnaires (at 3, 6, and 10 weeks after the surgery) assessing participants' characteristics, cardiac symptoms, and quality of life. Factor analysis was used to identify symptom clusters. Hierarchical multiple linear regression was used to predict quality of life. Results: Participants were predominantly 70-years old or more with a mean age of 64.34. The two symptom clusters at 3 weeks after the surgery with education, gender, and occupation accounted for 76.3% of variance in quality of life. Conclusion: Symptom clusters containing various physical and psychological symptoms in patients after the surgery affected quality of life, and the relationship was significant at 3 weeks after the surgery. Because symptom clusters were identified in all three recovery periods, nurses need to acknowledge these clusters, rather than each symptom separately, and to utilize these in providing care and education and in promoting quality of life in these patients.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.133-137
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• 2022

A 72-year-old woman with metastatic lung cancer to bone and brain and with left external iliac vein thrombosis was under the care of a community palliative care provider. She experienced an acute pain crisis due to acute limb ischemia of the left lower limb. Goals-of-care discussions were held with the patient and her family; she prioritized symptom control and end-of-life care at home. The family and patient were aware of her short prognosis. Her complex pain was managed by the community palliative team, and her family was empowered to give subcutaneous injections. We illustrate a case showing the importance of community health services with palliative care support in providing symptom management and support to patient and family caregivers throughout the course of a life-limiting illness. It also highlights family caregivers' potential psychological distress in delivering subcutaneous injections in terminal care for a patient at home.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.89-97
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• 2020

Objectives : We investigated heart rate variability (HRV) patterns in patients with somatic symptom disorder (SSD) and the relationships of these patterns with alexithymia. Methods : In total, 42 patients with SSD and 33 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Demographic, psychological, and HRV data were assessed at baseline, and 24 patients with SSD were reassessed after 6 months of treatment. The psychological data included somatic symptoms and levels of depression, anxiety, and alexithymia as indicated by the somatic symptom subscale of the Symptom Checklist 90-Revision (SCL-12), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale 20 (TAS-20), respectively. Results : Patients with SSD had a lower standard deviation of normal-to-normal R-R intervals (SDNN) and lower proportions of adjacent R-R intervals greater than 50 milliseconds (pNN50) compared with controls. These HRV parameters were negatively correlated with alexithymia severity. After treatment, patients exhibited significantly decreased levels of somatic symptoms and reduced anxiety and depression, but there were no significant differences in the HRV parameters. In patients with alexithymia, a high baseline SDNN and pNN50 were associated with a decrease in somatic symptoms. Conclusions : Patients with SSD have different HRV patterns, and several HRV parameters are associated with alexithymia severity. These findings suggest that ANS regulation is involved in the pathophysiology of SSD, mediated by alexithymia. Furthermore, these results suggest that certain HRV parameters may be associated with clinical outcomes of SSD.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2006

Purpose: This study aimed to explore changes in symptom distress and functional status in gynecologic cancer patients during the entire treatment cycles of chemotherapy. Methods: A prospective and longitudinal study with repeated measures was designed. Symptom Distress Scale and Karnofsky Performance Status Index were included in a daily log developed for self-administration. A total of 39 patients with a mean age of 48.4 years participated. Results: The levels of symptom distress and functional status changed significantly over the six cycles. Symptom distress kept increasing until its peak at the fourth cycle, while the functional status scored lowest at the first cycle, then it improved as the cycle repeated. In each cycle, symptom distress was marked higher during the first 6 days accompanying poor functional status. However, both changes did not recover completely until the end of each cycle. Conclusion: Nursing assessment and intervention need to be provided based on these changing patterns to help cancer patients cope and adjust successfully during the long treatment period. Further studies are needed to examine the impact of the major symptoms on psychological responses, quality of life, and outcomes of the cancer treatments.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.99-108
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between physical fitness, and physical and psychological stress of females. The subjects of this study were 139 adult women, without a specific medical illness. The stress level was evaluated by Derogetis's checklist-90-Revision symptom of physical and psychological stress (Cronbach's a=0.88, 0.87). The physical fitness factors in this study were cardiopulmonary endurance, muscle endurance, muscle strength, power, agility, and flexibility. To analyze the data to examine the relationship between the physical and psychological stress, and physical fitness, correlation analysis was applied. The findings of this study were as follows. First, among the physical fitness factors, cardiopulmonary endurance, along with muscle strength and power had significant relations with physical stress (p<.01). Second, among the physical fitness factors, cardiopulmonary endurance showed a significant relation with psychological stress (p<.05).