• 한국조경학회지
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.33-48
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to discover the landscape visual image of the slope scene and their harmony with surrounding sceneries. This research utilized the basic study tool of psycho-physics and processed the case study of ten types of slope construction scene along the highway. The analysis was performed by the data obtained from the questionnaires and the photos for the slope construction scene. The questionnaires for analysis the image of the slope construction scene and their harmony with surrounding sceneries were designed using semantic differential scale and 5 point Likert-scale. The major findings were as follows. 1. At the part of the visual preferences analysis, the slope revegetation methods showed high level of preferences generally than on the slope structure methods. While the slope revegetation methods were estimated friendly, continuity, harmonious, soft, light and wide, the slope revegetation methods were estimated unstable, female, static, simple, omnipresent, appeared as policeman of weak inclination. Also the slope structure methods were estimated stable, manly, complicated, steep and healthy but rough, unharmonious, unfamiliar and heavy. 2. Psychological factors, related to the satisfaction for the slope revegetation methods were composed of three factors, aesthetic, individuality and physical character. And the slope structure methods were composed of five factors, aesthetic, individuality, stability, physical character, and complexity. 3. At the part of harmony with surrounding landscapes, the slope revegetation methods were evaluated highly but the slope structure methods received the lowest evaluation. Also the harmony analysis with surrounding view on the slope revegetation methods showed degree of high more than average in all texture, form, color and scale but the slope structure methods showed degree of fewer than average degree in form, scale, color and texture.

• 방송공학회논문지
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.889-898
• /
• 2016

가상 저음 시스템은 기본 주파수 성분의 배음을 생성하여 스피커의 저역 재생 대역을 확장하는 방법으로 소형 스피커에 널리 사용된다. 가상 저음 시스템의 주관적인 성능은 배음의 가중치 부여 방법과 관련이 높기 때문에, 기존 연구에서는 지수 감쇠 가중치 부여 방법과 음색 매칭 방법 등 다양한 가중치 부여 방법이 제안되었다. 그러나 생성한 배음과 기존 신호간의 위상을 맞추지 않을 경우 정확한 가중치 부여가 불가능하다. 본 논문에서는 기존 가중치 부여 방법의 한계점을 분석하고 이를 개선한 가중치 부여 방법을 제안하였다. 제안한 방법은 생성한 배음의 위상을 기존신호의 위상과 일치시키고, 기본 주파수에 따라 배음 가중치를 가변적으로 부여하는 방법이다. 기존 가상 저음 시스템과 객관 및 주관 비교 평가를 수행한 결과, 위상 일치 방법은 자연스럽고 효과적인 저역강화에 필수적임을 확인하였으며, 제안한 배음 가중치 부여 방법은 제한된 상황에서 기존 가중치 부여 방법보다 효과적임을 확인하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
• /
• 제14권12호
• /
• pp.1223-1232
• /
• 2004

This study is directed toward determining the number and characteristics of psychologically meaningful perceptual dimensions required for assessing the sound quality with respect to vehicle noises, and toward identifying the acoustical and/or psychoacoustical bases underlying the preference and similarity judgments. For the purpose of analyzing the paired comparison data produced by subjective ratings we used nonmetric multidimensional scaling(MDS). The perceptual dimensions based upon preference ratings could explain 76.3 % of the variance by maximum dB(A) and sharpness acum. The correlation between objective and subjective positions of the stimuli is $R^2$=0.97(F(1,13)=195.45, p < .01), corrected $R^2$=0.93. The less the intensity of the stimulus the more becomes the subjective Position would be over-estimated relative to the objective one. The same is valid for the opposite case. The perceptual dimensions based upon similarity judgments could be accounted for 47.8 % and 23.5% of the variance, each of which might be a match for the maximum dB(A) and the sharpness acum, respectively. The correlation between objective and subjective positions of the stimuli is $R^2$=0.94(F(1,13)=92.38, p < .01), corrected $R^2$=0.87. The more the intensity of the stimulus the more becomes the subjective position would be over-estimated relative to the objective one. The same is valid for the opposite case. In other words, it is likely that the larger the amount of two stimuli which to compare would be judged similar. So far it should be further clarified that whether the relationship between preference ratings and psychological distances nay be optimized through which psycho-physical models.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소음진동공학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.132-136
• /
• 2007

In case of indoor gymnastics training floor, in view of its characteristics, since it is simultaneously required the related smooth communication between the coach and the player, also the acoustic performance regarding to the Clearness of Music, besides the sport activity, the consideration about the acoustic character has entered the stage as an indispensable element. On such viewpoint, on the object of the recently built dome-typed gymnastics training floor, after making the optimized acoustic design with the remodeling through acoustic simulation, by means of measurement and valuation on human's psychological(sensual) degree utilizing Auralization that enables to experience the virtual sound field at the stage of design, this thesis has attempted to survey of the acoustic satisfaction degree and its reaction about the gymnastics training floor. As the result of investigation about the research on the space of object, it could be known that the valuation regarding to the acoustic performance of 'After-Improvement' was distinctly more refined than that of 'Before-Improvement'. It is now considering that such result of the study can be utilized as the useful data which enables to improve the retrenchment effect of the construction cost as well as the acoustic capability, by means of the prediction control on the acoustic problem from the stage of design, for the occasion when the similar indoor sport gymnasium is planning to build for the near future.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제17권
• /
• pp.145-155
• /
• 2001

Cytochrome P4502C19 (CYP2C19) is one of human polymorphic xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes. The enzyme has been reported to catalyze more than 70 substrates, involving more than 100 reactions. These include several classes of therapeutic agents (e.g. anti-microbial. cardiovascular, psycho-active, etc.), sex hormones and insecticides. Associations of the CYP2C19 genotype/phenotype with individual differences in drug efficacy (e.g. diazepam, omeprazole, proguanil) and toxicity (e.g. mephenytoin, barbiturates) have been documented by many investigators. At least 11 allelic variants of CYP2C19 gene were reported to date. Most of the mutant alleles found in the poor metabolizer (PM) led to the production of truncated and/or inactive proteins. Except for the exon 6, single-nucleotide mutations were reported in all nine exons of the gene. Genetic polymorphism of CYP2C19 shows marked interethnic variation with the population frequencies of PM phenotype ranging from 1∼2% up to more than 50%. The prevalence of CYP2C19 PM tends to be higher in Asian and certain Pacific Islanders than other race or ethnic specificity. Genotyping results of CYP2C19 also revealed that there are different proportions of individual mutant alleles among ethnic populations. This may, in part, explains the interethnic difference in the metabolism of certain drugs (i.e. diazepam), though they were from the same CYP2C19 phenotype. Recently, our research group has studied the genotype and phenotype of CYP2C19 and found that the PM frequency (7∼8%) in Thais is lower than other Asian populations. Molecular and clinical impacts of this finding warrant to further investigation.

• 디자인학연구
• /
• 제20권
• /
• pp.75-85
• /
• 1997

제 2차 세계대전 이후 후기 자본주의 사회적 이익의 관심 속에서 인터내셔널 스타일이라고 불리우는 통속적 기능주의가 발전되었다. 그러나 이 통속적 기능주의는 오로지 비인간적 상업주의만을 반영함으로써, 정신 심리적이고 사회적인 문제들만을 야기 시켰다. 그 결과로, 60년대 중반에, 독일 건축과 디자인 분야에서 일어난 (일련의 68 운동으로서) 기능주의 비판운동이 전개되었다. 그리고 이 기능주의 비판운동은 70년대에도 지속되어져, 확장된 기능주의의 형성에 큰 영향을 끼쳤다. 이 확장된 기능주의는 대량생산-대량소비사회의 사용과정 속에서의 기능들의 개념정의에 그 기초를 두고 있다. 그리고 이 기능들, 즉 실제적 기능, 이론적 기능, 생태적 기능, (형태)미적 기능, 지시적 기능, 상징적 기능은 오늘날 독일 디자인 실무분야에서 분석과 개발과정에 핵심적인 판단기준이 되어왔다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.51-59
• /
• 2007

Purpose: This research was aimed to explore the major subjects and research theme and to classify characteristics of the key words in recent Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing. Methods: With survey design, whole 103 published papers during 2003-2006 were analyzed with structured analysis form; research subjects, research methodology, data analysis, and key words of the published papers were classified and extracted. Various theme was founded and classified to 9 domains. Results: Most of the research subjects were women. Eighty-eight percent of papers conducted quantitative research; 83% chose convenience sampling and 69% used survey design, while experimental design was 29%. Key words were categorized 9 domains: demographic, health related concept, health behavior(intervention), sex-related, life event, disease, et al. Among 9 domains, health related concept, especially psycho-social topics such as depression, anxiety, stress were mostly studied and then physiologic topics such as labor pain, fatigue, and menstrual symptoms. Conclusion: Most of the subjects were women and the most common domain studied was health related concepts in Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing. And key words and topics were on women's health issues. We can conclude that Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing has published by her own philosophy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권22호
• /
• pp.9767-9771
• /
• 2014

Background: Social support is an important factor in psycho-social well-being of cancer survivors. There is little information about level of social support and its predictors among cancer survivors in Iran or other Middle Eastern countries. The aims of present study were to determine the social support and its prediction factors among Iranian cancer survivors. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-correlational study 187 cancer patients in one educational center and one private oncology office in northwest of Iran participated using a convenient sampling method. The data collection tool consisted of a researcher-prepared checklist and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Assessment (MSPSS). Data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software with descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: The total score of MSPSS was 68 from a possible score between 7 and 84. Participants believed that they received a high level of support from their family members and significant others. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that single and depressed cancer survivors and participants with lower levels of physical activity believed that they received lower levels of social support. Conclusions: Iranian cancer survivors receive high levels of social support and family members are the most important source of this support. In planning any supportive care program for Iranian cancer survivors this strength should be considered. Especially, single and depressed and patients with lower levels of physical activity need more attention.

• 정신신체의학
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.25-32
• /
• 2006

연구목적 : 두통은 일생 동안 90% 이상의 사람들이 경험하게 되는 임상 증후군이다. 이 논문은 긴장성두통과 편두통의 현재의 개념과 바이오피드백 치료 및 이완요법에 대해 요약하였다. 방법: Pubmed/Medline 검색에 포함된 용어는 바이오피드백(biofeedback), 이완(relaxation), 생리적(physiological), 행동적 (behavioral), 비약물의 (nonpharmacological), 두통(headache), 긴장성두통(tension-type headache), 그리고 편두통(migraine)이었다. 검색되지 않은 저술 중 적절한 논문과 바이오피드백을 수행하는 전문가의 의견도 포함시켰다. 결과 : 두통은 바이오피드백 및 이완요법을 포함한 행동치료적 개입에 의해 치료될 수 있는 정신생리장애(psycho-physiological disorder)로 볼 수 있다. 두통에서 이러한 치료들을 통해 임상적 호전을 보인다는 보고들이 지속되고 있다. 또한, 환자에게 실제 적용 시 고려할 점도 제시하였다. 결론: 바이오피드백 치료와 이완요법은 단독 또는 약물치료와 함께 두통 환자에게 제공될 수 있는 효과적인 치료법으로 제안된다.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.23-37
• /
• 2002

We have plenty of study of adults diseases, but not much has been said about children. 79 children who had visited in the weak children of Dongeui Oriental Medical Hospital from March, 2002 to October, 2002, were the respondents of the Weak Child Questionnaire. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Their symptoms have been observed with sequences of respiratory diseases, Digestive diseases, Psycho-neurological diseases. 2. Distribution of sex and ages : male 38 cases, female 41 cases. $0{\sim}6$ years 60 cases, $7{\sim}12$ years 17 cases, $13{\sim}18$ years 2 cases. 3. The texture of complexion was resulted in face color and the region of the face : whitish-2/ cases. yellowish-27 cases, darkish-22 cases, blue-2 cases, flushed face-l case. Sangeun(山根)-blue : 59 cases, a lower eyelid- dark or light brown : 54 cases. the rests of color on face region didn't mean. 4. The texture of tongue was ended in tongue state : tongue form-not plump not haggard patten(57 cases), a pricky patten(12), a map patten(7), a fissured patten(3). tongue color- pink (57 cases), red(16), light white(6). coating color- thin white(61 cases), thin yellow(l0), lack(6), deep and white(2). tongue coating substance-thin(72 cases), moisten(5), dry(1), deep(1).