Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention (아시아태평양암예방학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Social Support and its Predictors Among Iranian Cancer Survivors

  • Faghani, Safieh (Medical Surgical Department, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Rahmani, Azad (Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Parizad, Naser (Medical Surgical Department, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Mohajjel-Aghdam, Ali-Reza (Medical Surgical Department, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Hassankhani, Hadi (Medical Surgical Department, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Mohammadpoorasl, Asghar (Department Human Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences)
  • Published : 2014.12.18
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Background: Social support is an important factor in psycho-social well-being of cancer survivors. There is little information about level of social support and its predictors among cancer survivors in Iran or other Middle Eastern countries. The aims of present study were to determine the social support and its prediction factors among Iranian cancer survivors. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-correlational study 187 cancer patients in one educational center and one private oncology office in northwest of Iran participated using a convenient sampling method. The data collection tool consisted of a researcher-prepared checklist and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Assessment (MSPSS). Data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software with descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: The total score of MSPSS was 68 from a possible score between 7 and 84. Participants believed that they received a high level of support from their family members and significant others. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that single and depressed cancer survivors and participants with lower levels of physical activity believed that they received lower levels of social support. Conclusions: Iranian cancer survivors receive high levels of social support and family members are the most important source of this support. In planning any supportive care program for Iranian cancer survivors this strength should be considered. Especially, single and depressed and patients with lower levels of physical activity need more attention.

Keywords

References

  1. Abdullah-Zadeh F, Agahosseini S, Asvadi-Kermani I, Rahmani A (2011). Hope in Iraniancancer patients. IJNMR, 16, 288-91.
  2. AbdollahzadehF, MoradiN, PakpourV, et al (2014). Un-met supportive care needs of Iranian breast cancer patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 15, 3933-8. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2014.15.9.3933
  3. Azimi S, Joukar B, NikpourR (2009). Internet and communication: perceived social support and loneliness as antecedent variables. Psychological studies, 5, 81-102.
  4. Azizi S, Rahmani A, Ghaderi B (2010). Marital satisfaction among patients with cancer. Nur Midwifery J, 5, 50-5.
  5. Bloom J R (2008). Improving the health and well-being of cancer survivors: past as prologue. Psychooncol, 17, 525-32. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.1302
  6. Bozo O, Tathan E, Yilmaz T (2013). Does perceived social support buffer the negative effects of type c personality on quality of life of breast cancer patients. Social Indicators Res, 119, 791-801.
  7. Bray F, Ren JS, Masuyer E, Ferlay J (2013). Global estimates of cancer prevalence for 27 sites in the adult population in 2008. Int J Cancer, 132, 1133-45. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.27711
  8. Cheng H, Sit JW, Chan CW, et al (2013). Social support and quality of life among Chinese breast cancer survivors: Findings from a mixed methods study. Eur J Oncol Nurs, 17, 788-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2013.03.007
  9. Chen S-C, Huang B-S, Lin C-Y (2013). Depression and predictors in Taiwanese survivors with oral cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 14, 4571-6. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.8.4571
  10. Cicero V, LoCoco G, Gullo S, Lo Verso G (2009). The role of attachment dimensions and perceived social support in predicting adjustment to cancer. Psychooncol, 18, 1045-52. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.1390
  11. Corey AL, Haase JE, Azzouz F, Monahan PO (2008). Social support and symptom distress in adolescents/young adults with cancer. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs, 25, 275-84. https://doi.org/10.1177/1043454208321117
  12. Coughlin SS (2008). Surviving cancer or other serious illness: a review of individual and community resources. CA Cancer J Clin, 58, 60-4. https://doi.org/10.3322/CA.2007.0001
  13. Dishman RK, Saunders RP, Motl RW, Dowda M, Pate RR (2009). Self-efficacy moderates the relation between declines in physical activity and perceived social support in high school girls. J Pediatr Psychol, 34, 441-51. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsn100
  14. Duncan SC, Duncan TE, Strycker LA (2005). Sources and types of social support in youth physical activity. Health Psychol, 24, 3-10. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.24.1.3
  15. Forsythe LP, Alfano CM, Kent EE, et al (2014). Social support, self-efficacy for decision-making, and follow-up care use in long-term cancer survivors. Psychooncol, 23, 788-96. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.3480
  16. Foster C, Wright D, Hill H, Hopkinson J, Roffe L (2009). Psychosocial implications of living 5 years or more following a cancer diagnosis: a systematic review of the research evidence. Eur J Cancer Care, 18, 223-47. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2354.2008.01001.x
  17. Fouladi N, Pourfarzi F, Ali-Mohammadi H, et al (2013). Process of coping with mastectomy: a qualitative study in Iran. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 14, 2079-84. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.3.2079
  18. Han Y, Yuan J, Luo Z, et al (2013). Determinants of hopelessness and depression among Chinese hospitalized esophageal cancer patients and their family caregivers. Psychooncol, 22, 2529-36. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.3315
  19. Heaney CA, Israel BA (2002). Social networks and social support. Health behavior and health education: Theory, research, and practice, 3, 185-209.
  20. Heydari S (2012). Assessing size of social network and emotional support sources and related factors among cancer patients. Nur Res, 4, 91-101.
  21. Heydari S, Salahshourian-Fard A, Rafiee F,Hoseini F (2009). Correlation of perceived social support from different supportive sources and the size of social network with quality of life in cancer patients. Iran J Nur, 22, 8-18.
  22. Huang CY, Hsu MC (2013). Social support as a moderator between depressive symptoms and quality of life outcomes of breast cancer survivors. Eur J Oncol Nurs, 1-8.
  23. Imran H, Ahmad R, Yasmin G (2009). Association between percieved social support and depression in cancer outpatients. Pak J Psychol, 40, 45-56.
  24. Khan NF, Ward A, Watson E, Austoker J, Rose PW(2008). Longterm survivors of adult cancers and uptake of primary health services: a systematic review. Eur J Cancer, 44, 195-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2007.10.005
  25. Khodapanahi M, Sedghpoor B, Asghari A, Harrirchi I, Katibaei J (2010). The structural relationships between social support and hope in patients with cancer. J Psychol, 14, 284-298.
  26. Kirchhoff AC, Yi J, Wright J, Warner EL, Smith KR (2012). Marriage and divorce among young adult cancer survivors. J Cancer Surviv, 6, 441-50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-012-0238-6
  27. Knobf MT, Ferrucci LM, Cartmel B, et al (2012). Needs assessment of cancer survivors in Connecticut. J Cancer Surviv, 6, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-011-0198-2
  28. Malekian A, Alizadeh A, Ahmadzadeh G (2007). Anxiety and depression in cancer patients. J Res Behavioural Sciences, 5, 115-8.
  29. Miller K, Merry B, Miller J (2008). Seasons of survivorship revisited. Cancer J, 14, 369-74. https://doi.org/10.1097/PPO.0b013e31818edf60
  30. Moradian S, Aledavood S, Tabatabaee A (2012). Iranian cancer patients and their perspectives: a qualitative study. Eur J Cancer Care, 21, 377-83. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2354.2011.01293.x
  31. NajmabadiKM, Azarkish F, Latifnejadroudsari R, et al (2014). Self-disclosure of breast cancer diagnosis by Iranian women to friends and colleagues. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 15, 2879-82. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2014.15.6.2879
  32. Naseri N, Taleghani F (2012). Social support in cancer patients referring to Sayed Al-Shohada Hospital. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res, 17, 279-83.
  33. Ness KK, Wall MM, Oakes JM,Robison LL,Gurney JG (2006). Physical performance limitations and participation restrictions among cancer survivors: a population-based study. Ann Epidemiol, 16, 197-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2005.01.009
  34. Nikmanesh Z, Mirabdollahi N, Emamhadi MA (2013). Prediction of posttraumatic growth base on of spirituality and social support in patients with breast cancer. Iranian Quarterly J Breast Disease, 6, 35-42.
  35. Ogce F, Ozkan S, Baltalarli B (2007). Psychosocial stressors, social support and socio-demographic variables as determinants of quality of life of Turkish breast cancer patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 8, 77-82.
  36. Orsega-Smith EM, Payne LL, Mowen AJ, et al (2007). The role of social support and self-efficacy in shaping the leisure time physical activity of older adults. J Leis Res, 39, 705.
  37. Petersen DM (2008). Social capital, social support, and quality of life among long-term breast cancer survivors. ProQuest.
  38. Rahemi S (2006). A content analysis of concerns of cancer clients. Iranian J Nur Res, 1, 47-57 (in Persian).
  39. Rezaianzadeh A, Peacock J, Reidpath D, et al (2009). Survival analysis of 1148 women diagnosed with breast cancer in Southern Iran. BMC Cancer, 9, 168. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-9-168
  40. Sammarco A (2001). Perceived social support, uncertainty, and quality of life of younger breast cancer survivors. Cancer Nurs, 24, 212-19. https://doi.org/10.1097/00002820-200106000-00007
  41. Schroevers MJ, Helgeson VS, Sanderman R, Ranchor AV (2010). Type of social support matters for prediction of posttraumatic growth among cancer survivors. Psychooncol, 19, 46-53. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.1501
  42. Siegel R, Desantis C, Virgo K, et al (2012). Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin, 62, 220-41. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21149
  43. Stone PC, Minton O (2008). Cancer-related fatigue. Eur J Cancer, 44, 1097-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2008.02.037
  44. Taghavi M, Kalafi E, Dehbozorgi Gh, Dehbozorgi Gh, Taghavi SMA (2011). Investigating the relation of depression and religious coping and social support in women with breast cancer. J Isfahan Med School, 28, 901-8.
  45. Taleghani F, Yekta ZP, Nasrabadi AN (2006). Coping with breast cancer in newly diagnosed Iranian women. J Adv Nurs, 54, 265-72. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.03808_1.x
  46. Tanriverd D, Savas E,Can G (2012). Posttraumatic growth and social support in Turkish patients with cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 13, 4311-14. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.9.4311
  47. Usta YY (2012). Importance of social support in cancer patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 13, 3569- 72. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.8.3569
  48. You J, Lu Q (2014). Sources of social support and adjustment among Chinese cancer survivors: gender and age differences. Support Care Cancer, 22, 697-704. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-013-2024-z
  49. Zebrack BJ, Mills J, Weitzman TS (2007). Health and supportive care needs of young adult cancer patients and survivors. J Cancer Surviv, 1, 137-45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-007-0015-0
  50. Zhou ES, Penedo FJ, Bustillo NE, et al (2010). Longitudinal effects of social support and adaptive coping on the emotional well-being of survivors of localized prostate cancer. J Support Oncol, 8, 196-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.suponc.2010.09.004
  51. Zimet GD, Dahlem NW, Zimet SG, Farley GK (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. J Pers Assess, 52, 30-41. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa5201_2
  52. Ztun GR, Yesil P, Paydas S, Erdogan S (2013). Social support and hopelessness in patients with breast cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 14, 571-78. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.1.571

Cited by

  1. Probability Sampling Method for a Hidden Population Using Respondent-Driven Sampling: Simulation for Cancer Survivors vol.16, pp.11, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2015.16.11.4677
  2. Cancer Care Burden among Primary Family Caregivers of Iranian Hematologic Cancer Patients vol.16, pp.13, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2015.16.13.5499
  3. Supportive Care Needs of Iranian Cancer Survivors and Relationships with Social Support vol.16, pp.15, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2015.16.15.6339
  4. Survival Effect of Supportive Care Services for Turkish Patients with Metastatic Gastric Cancer vol.16, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2015.16.3.1213
  5. Return to Work and Its Relation to Financial Distress among Iranian Cancer Survivors vol.16, pp.6, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2015.16.6.2257
  6. Effects of supportive-expressive discussion groups on loneliness, hope and quality of life in breast cancer survivors: a randomized control trial vol.25, pp.9, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.4169
  7. A Prevalence Study of Psychosocial Distress in Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer vol.40, pp.3, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0000000000000396
  8. The predictive factors for perceived social support among cancer patients and caregiver burden of their family caregivers in Turkish population pp.1471-1788, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1080/13651501.2017.1358370
  9. Factors Influencing Cancer Patients' Choice of End-of-Life Care Place vol.21, pp.6, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1089/jpm.2017.0481
  10. Levels of unmet needs among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) impacted by parental cancer pp.1433-7339, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-018-4310-2