• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.28 no.3 s.71
• /
• pp.197-206
• /
• 2007

Objectives : By recording basic data of patients visiting the emergency room of the oriental medicine center, we can understand their characteristics and gain better insight about them. Methods : We performed a retrospective study of 2,674 patients who visited the emergency room of Kyunghee Oriental Medical Center, from June 1, 2006 to May 31, 2007. Results : 1. Of 2,674 total patients, the male to female ratio was 0.94:1 and the 6th decade of life was the peak age group. 2. The majority of patients visited our emergency room between 06:00 and 24:00(midnight). 3. Most patients visited on a Saturday or Sunday. 4. By monthly distribution, the patients increased slightly during June, July, August and October. 5. The majority of patients visited the emergency room within 24 hours of onset. 6. The patients were categorized as follows: neurological diseases 71.15%, musculoskeletal diseases 16.02%, internal medical disease 9.04%, psychiatric and related disease 3.79%. 7. The average transit time was about 1 hour 30 minutes. 8. Admission rate was 48% and the rate of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) was 5% of total visiting patients. Conclusion : Assuming that this research will continue adding patient's data continuously, this work will help us to understand the features of patients who visiting the emergency room of the oriental medical center.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.41-50
• /
• 2018

Objectives: The study is aimed to utilize Taesikbub and Lung-doyinbub described in "Dong-Ui-Bo-Gam" as a Korean Traditional Pulmonary Rehabilitation Exercise. Methods: We preliminary researched pulmonary rehabilitation exercise using domestic and international databases and old literatures of Korean Medicine. Then made a draft of Korean Traditional Pulmonary Rehabilitation Exercise based on "Dong-Ui-Bo-Gam". After organizing expert group for verifying the draft of the exercise, we developed the final Korean Traditional Pulmonary Rehabilitation Exercise. Results: The Korean Traditional Pulmonary Rehabilitation Exercise is composed of 5 actions including breathing method, flexibility exercise, percussion and hitting teeth. This exercise is recommended twice a day for at least 5 days per week under the supervision of specialist. It is expected to improve physical activity, dyspnea, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) as well as psychiatric symptoms by breathing deep and slow and exercising the thorax and upper limb muscles. Conclusion: Taesikbub, Lung-doyinbub in "Dong-Ui-Bo-Gam" may be suggested as a better pulmonary rehabilitation exercise for patients of chronic lung disease.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.115-122
• /
• 2000

The development of molecular biology has brought many changes in psychiatry. Molecular biology makes us possible to know the cause of mental disorders that provide the way to prevent the disorders, and to develop various accurate diagnostic and treatment methods for mental disorders. The author discusses the concept, cause, and treatment of mental disorders in the aspect of molecular biology. Importing the methods of molecular biology into psychiatry, we can anticipate to get a number of the goals of psychiatric genetics, including identification of specific susceptibility genes, clarification of the pathophysiological processes whereby these genes lead to symptoms, establishment of epigenetic factors that interact with these genes to produce disease, validation of nosological boundaries that more closely reflect the actions of these genes, and development of effective preventive and therapeutic interventions based on genetic counseling, gene therapy, and modification of permissive or protective environmental influences. In addition to their capacity to accelerate the discovery of new molecules participating in the nervous system's response to disease or to self-administered drugs, molecular biological strategies can also be used to determine how critical a particular gene product may be in mediating a cellular event with behavioral importance. Molecular biology probably enables us discover the environmental factors of mental disorders and allow rational drug design and gene therapies for mental disorders, by isolation of gene products that facilitate a basic understanding of the pathogenesis of these disorders. A specific genetic linkage may suggest a novel class of drugs that has not yet been tried. With respect to gene therapy, the hypothetical method would use a gene delivery system, most likely a modified virus, to insert a functional copy of a mutant gene into those brain cells that require the gene for normal function.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.93-102
• /
• 2001

The relaxation response is a state of profound rest, creates physiological responses directly opposite to the stress response. The relaxation response can be used to counteract the harmful effects of stress. The relaxation response can be elicited by a number of techniques such as diaphragmatic breathing, meditation, progressive muscle relaxation, autogenic training, biofeedback, etc. These relaxation methods in any mental or physical conditions associated with distress and even in normal people have useful benefits for stress control and health enhancement. These relaxation techniques are but one part of a comprehensive stress management program, through regular and continuous practice appropriate for each person, they will make an effective role in stress management. In this review, author reviewed how to practically use meditation, progressive muscle relaxation and autogenic training, in more detail. In the treatment of various stress-related disease, especially in psychiatric disorders, the relaxation technique may be a useful complement to conventional treatment and serves as an intervention between stress and disease.

• Anxiety and mood
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.28-32
• /
• 2006

Objectives : Non-cardiac chest pain (NCCP) can be divided into gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) related NCCP and non-GERD related NCCP. Our study was designed to examine the differences in clinical characteristics and psychological mood states between the two clinical syndromes. Methods : After some cardiologic evaluations such as treadmill exercise, coronary angiography, and echocardiography, 27 patients with NCCP were enrolled in this study. They were divided into patients with GERD related NCCP (12 patients) and those with non-GERD related NCCP (15 patients) using the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and the ambulatory 24 hour esophageal pH monitoring. Clinical characteristics such as typical reflux symptoms and psychological mood states were measured. Patients who showed scores more than 10 on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) or Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were defined as depressed or anxious group. Anxiety sensitivity Index (ASI) was also measured in all patients. All parameters were compared between patients with GERD related NCCP and those with non-GERD related NCCP. Results : The two groups showed a difference in typical reflux symptoms. Patients with non-GERD related NCCP had higher scores on the BDI, BAI and ASI than those with GERD related NCCP. Among all NCCP patients, 14 patients (51.9%) were suggested to have possible depression or anxiety disorders. Conclusion : The non-GERD related NCCP was shown to be associated with psychological mood states such as anxiety and depression. Thus, we suggest that routine measurement of psychological mood states should be necessary in the evaluation and treatment of NCCP.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.22-33
• /
• 1994

The author presented several points of experienced materials obtained from the joint meetings of consultation-liaison Psychiatric division with oncologic department in Kyung Hee University Hospital. The joint meetings which have been held regularly every other week were very helpful not only for the psychiatrist but also for the cancer department stags to manage the cancer patients actively. The joint meetings have been progressed into more cohesive and active communication as time goes by. Most of the subjects discussed in the meeting was focused on the psychological and behavioral problems of the cancer patients. Besides, the difficulties arising from the chemotherapy were discussed. Probably the most difficult task for the treatment team was to provide complete information while respecting the patient's right to deny their situation The liaison psychiatrist usually gave comments to the charge doctor and/or nusing staff how to evaluate the patient's behavior and what would be the influential factors in developing the doctor-patient relationship. It was found that many cancer patients and their family members had their own peculiar illness behavior and disease concept which led patients to take non-medical or moreover, anti-therapeutic care. The family members were found to play an influential role in the choice of treatment method and progression of the disease. Another role of the liaison psychiatrist in the oncology ward was to encourage the treatment team members. In the practical point of view, it was not easy for the liaison psychiatrist to have time regularly for the cancer patients to encourage the liaison activities. And it seems to be fundamental that the consultation fee for the liaison psychiatrist should be set up at the resonable level.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.63 no.8
• /
• pp.321-328
• /
• 2020

Background: Pediatric hypertension is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatric populations. Purpose: To examine pediatric hypertension in a clinical setting, we used the percentile rank approach and defined hypertension as that above the 95th percentile. Methods: The present study was linked to the a national analytical cross-sectional community-based Iranian Children and Adolescents' Psychiatric Disorders (IRCAP) survey. The survey was nationwide and funded by the National Institute of Medical Research Development. The IRCAP survey included 31,000 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years in all 31 Iran provinces. The current study included 1,035 children and adolescents and linked the data of the risk factors of cardiovascular disease only in Yazd province via random cluster sampling. Results: Of the total participants, 456 (44.1%) were male and 579 (55.9%) were female. The mean age was 11.2±3.8 years (11.7±3.7 years for males, 11.0±3.6 years for females), while mean height was 146±20.0 cm overall, 147.2±22.0 cm for males, and 144.6±17.0 cm for females (P=0.009). The blood pressure distributions and percentiles were evaluated. Conclusion: Here we determined age- and height-specific 50th, 90th, 95th, and 99th percentiles of systolic and diastolic blood pressures in Yazd boys and girls using 10-cm height intervals.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.373-384
• /
• 2013

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to understand the cognition of the initiation of diseases of North Korean refugees in South Korea. Methods: 9 North Korean refugees hospitalized in Oriental Neuropsychiatry of National Medical Center participated in the interview. The statements were analyzed by using the phenomenological research methodology and Giorgi's analytical method, in particular, was applied. Results: A total of 4 categories and 15 sub categories were derived from the participants' descriptions. North Korean refugees who thought their diseases have begun while living in North Korea coming to South Korea, have fire disease because of the strict social system, limitations imposed on their actions, and the violence of their husbands. And who thought during escaping from North Korea, have anxiety about being killed, found and transferred to North Korea. They also suffered from a sense of guilt towards their family who were left behind as well as from depression. Consequently, they thought their skeletal diseases have begun during this period. Who thought during their period in Korea, their diseases like fire disease and depression have been worsen because of unfamiliar circumstances and doctors who said their problems had been caused by psychiatric disorder. Nevertheless, they did their jobs, felt happy and had a will to be cured thingking possibilities of overcoming diseases. Conclusions: These results suggest that various factors during different periods in the life of North Korean refugees could have an effect on their present diseases.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.17-26
• /
• 2015

Purpose : This study examined the social and environmental change in the outpatient department of psychiatry, were analyzed disease characteristics and using characteristics of the mental illness. Thus, this aims to provide a material that can be used for efficient spatial composition of psychiatry. Methods : This study was conducted through a literature review, observation surveys, interviews. Results : Psychiatry is aware of the need to respond to the current needs of ambulatory space, there are concerns that the spatial configuration for your needs. In accordance with the results of studies conducted are as follows: 1) Specialty care programs and space needs based on segmentation and specialization of the disease 2) Considered in conjunction with the layout of essential space and other departments 3) Spatial composition and furnishings for characteristic of psychiatry 4) Spatial configuration taking into account the patient's characteristic. Implications : This study looked at the change of social change and the environment related to psychiatry. Grasp the present state of spatial composition in psychiatry. And the use characteristics of patients and guardians were investigated. Meanwhile, studies of psychiatric outpatient department is still lacking. As a result, its significance is to analyze the spatial composition requirements.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• v.40 no.7
• /
• pp.450-456
• /
• 2017

Mammalian physiology and behavior are regulated by an internal time-keeping system, referred to as circadian rhythm. The circadian timing system has a hierarchical organization composed of the master clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and local clocks in extra-SCN brain regions and peripheral organs. The circadian clock molecular mechanism involves a network of transcription-translation feedback loops. In addition to the clinical association between circadian rhythm disruption and mood disorders, recent studies have suggested a molecular link between mood regulation and circadian rhythm. Specifically, genetic deletion of the circadian nuclear receptor Rev-$erb{\alpha}$ induces mania-like behavior caused by increased midbrain dopaminergic (DAergic) tone at dusk. The association between circadian rhythm and emotion-related behaviors can be applied to pathological conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases. In Parkinson's disease (PD), DAergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta progressively degenerate leading to motor dysfunction. Patients with PD also exhibit non-motor symptoms, including sleep disorder and neuropsychiatric disorders. Thus, it is important to understand the mechanisms that link the molecular circadian clock and brain machinery in the regulation of emotional behaviors and related midbrain DAergic neuronal circuits in healthy and pathological states. This review summarizes the current literature regarding the association between circadian rhythm and mood regulation from a chronobiological perspective, and may provide insight into therapeutic approaches to target psychiatric symptoms in neurodegenerative diseases involving circadian rhythm dysfunction.