• 정신신체의학
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.46-58
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• 1998

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate the status of psychiatric consultation at a newly opened university hospital, to explore problems related to psychiatric consultation and to contribute for future consultation to be more systematic and more efficient. Methods: The subjects of this study were 284 patients hospitalized at Inha University Hospital between September 1, 1996 and August 31, 1997, who were referred for psychiatric consultation during hospitalization. This study was evaluated demographical characteristics of referred patients, resons for referral, recommendations by psychiatric consultant, clinical diagnoses, psychiatric diagnoses, relationship between referral time and hospitalization following the day of consultation and consultation referral types based upon psychiatrists' reports and patients' medical charts. Results : Most common patients referred to consultation were females aged 20s who visited at the department of internal medicine and related to the risk of suicidal attempts. Mood disorder was the most frequent psychiatric diagnosis, and the most common recommendations were to use psychopharmacological treatment along with outpatient visits. The 30% of subjects were referred to consultation within a day after hospitalization. In the case of consultation referral timing within two days and after three days, there was significant difference between early consultation and shorter hospitalization following the day of consultation. Most frequent type of consultation(29.6%) was categorized as IIIa type(physical complication type as a "Mending" request type). Conclusion : In review of consultation referral timing and consultation referral type of the subjects, who were referred for psychiatric consultation for one year at a newly opened University Hospital, referrals were found to be made within two days after their admission to hospital(50.7%), which was observed to be early request. We found that there was significant association between early consultation and shorter hospitalization following the day of consultation. The physical complication type(29.6%) which belongs to "Mending" request type was found to be the most frequent consultation referral type. This result indicates that more systematic psychiatric consultation is needed for the future.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2023

Purpose: The incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are increasing along with an increasing number of patients with comorbid conditions like psychiatric and behavioral disorders, which are independent predictors of quality of life. Methods: Non-overlapping years (2003-2016) of National Inpatient Sample and Kids Inpatient Database were analyzed to include all IBD-related hospitalizations of patients less than 21 years of age. Patients were analyzed for a concomitant diagnosis of psychiatric/ behavioral disorders and were compared with IBD patients without psychiatric/behavioral disorder diagnoses for outcome variables: IBD severity, length of stay and inflation-adjusted hospitalization charges. Results: Total of 161,294 IBD-related hospitalizations were analyzed and the overall prevalence rate of any psychiatric and behavioral disorders was 15.7%. Prevalence rate increased from 11.3% (2003) to 20.6% (2016), p<0.001. Depression, substance use, and anxiety were the predominant psychiatric disorders. Regression analysis showed patients with severe IBD (odds ratio [OR], 1.57; confidence interval [CI], 1.47-1.67; p<0.001) and intermediate IBD (OR, 1.14; CI, 1.10-1.28, p<0.001) had increased risk of associated psychiatric and behavioral disorders than patients with a low severity IBD. Multivariate analysis showed that psychiatric and behavioral disorders had 1.17 (CI, 1.07-1.28; p<0.001) mean additional days of hospitalization and incurred additional $8473 (CI, 7,520-9,425; p<0.001) of mean hospitalization charges, independent of IBD severity. Conclusion: Prevalence of psychiatric and behavioral disorders in hospitalized pediatric IBD patients has been significantly increasing over the last two decades, and these disorders were independently associated with prolonged hospital stay, and higher total hospitalization charges.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.214-224
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• 2020

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the trend in diagnostic prevalence of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents. Methods: Individuals aged 0-18 years were included in the study based on the National Health Insurance Claims Data. To investigate the trends in diagnosis and diagnostic prevalence of psychiatric disorders reflecting the decrease in the birth rate, data were analyzed from 2010 as a reference year to 2015. Results: The number of patients diagnosed with psychiatric disorder decreased annually, from 23,412 on 2010 to 18,821 on 2015. The most common disorder was hyperkinetic disorder in male and depressive episode in female. Although there was no significant change in overall diagnostic prevalence rate of psychiatric disorders, age groups <10 years and some disorders had significant changes in prevalence rate. This study classified the diagnostic prevalence by age into two unique patterns: group in which the diagnosis rate increases with age and group in which the diagnosis rate peaks at a certain age and then decreases. Conclusion: Diagnostic prevalence of psychiatric disorders was different according to age and sex. These patterns should be reflected in the formulation of policies related to mental health and in medical practice for pediatric patients. It is urgent to identify how these patterns change in young adults.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.47-54
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• 1984

In an attempt to take Comprehensive nursing care the author tested cognitive function and psychiatric disturbance produced by normal adults. Mini-mental state and simple reaction time were tested and general health questionnaire was conducted two hundred subjects. The data were analyzed statistically and the results follow: 1. The score of mini-mental state of the elderly group was less significant than that of the younger group in the tests of cognitive dysfunction. The score of MMS of the female group, the illiteracy group less significant than that of other groups in the test of cogntive dysfunction. 2. Reaction time of the elderly group was slower than that of the younger group. Reaction time of the female group was slower than that of the male group. Reaction time of the illiteracy group was the slowest & the unskilled group was slower than that of the other groups. 3. As a result of the results of psychiatric disturbance the score of general health questionnaire of the elderly group was significantly higher than that of the younger group in the tests of psychiatric disturbance. The test of psychiatric disturbance sho-wed that the score of general health questionnaire of the female group was significantly higher than that of the male group in the tests of psychiatric disturbance. The illiteracy group was the highest in the psychiatric disturbance among other groups and the unskilled group was significantly higher than the other groups. 4. Education had higher correlation to mini-men-tat state, while age negative correlation in comparison with other variables age had higher correlation to reaction time, while education had negative correlation in comparison with other variables. Sex had low correlation in these tests.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.80-87
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• 2020

Objectives: The prevalence of psychiatric disorders among young adults is different from that among younger or older age groups because of biological and environmental changes. The purpose of this study was to analyze the diagnostic distribution of psychiatric disorders in 19-30-year-old Koreans based on their age and gender using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS). Methods: From the 2011 medical claims sample data of NHIS of 1,375,842 people, we extracted the data of 221,038 people aged 19-30 years, including 106,232 (48.1%) men and 114,806 (51.9%) women. We evaluated the overall changes in the diagnostic distribution of psychiatric disorders over a 3-year period. Results: The diagnostic frequency in women was 13,627 (59.0%), which was significantly higher than that in men. "Other anxiety disorders" was the most common psychiatric disorder in both genders, followed by depressive episodes, somatoform disorders, "other neurotic disorders," and nonorganic sleep disorders. In men, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or intellectual disabilities were not among the top 10 disorders. In women, no significant changes in major psychiatric disorders were seen over the 3-year period. Conclusion: These results reveal the trends of diagnostic distribution of mental illnesses depending on the development, particularly in young adulthood. It is necessary to identify whether such trends are due to biological or environmental factors, aging processes, or complex influences.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was performed to identify the impact of aggressiveness of patients and a sense of coherence on posttraumatic stress in psychiatric nurses. Methods: After collecting data from 162 psychiatric nurses, we carried out a t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression using IBM SPSS Statistics 19.0. Results: The mean score of posttraumatic stress was $20.75{\pm}16.59$ points. Verbal aggression, aggressiveness about property, aggression toward oneself, and aggression toward others had a positive correlation with posttraumatic stress, while a sense of coherence had a negative correlation with post-traumatic stress. It was concluded that the significant predictors of posttraumatic stress in psychiatric nurses were aggression toward oneself, a sense of coherence, and aggression toward others, all of which accounted for 38.9% of the variability. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the factors influencing posttraumatic stress in psychiatric nurses were aggression toward oneself, aggression toward others, and a sense of coherence. Therefore, education programs should be developed in consideration of the fact that aggressive behavior against the patient himself and against others intensify the posttraumatic stress of the psychiatric nurse, but the integration force mitigates it.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2002

The purpose of the study was to compare on the cognition and attitudes toward the mentally ill person among EMT College Student before and after Psychiatric Nursing Course Work. The data was collected twice before and after Psychiatric Nursing course work during one semester 16-weeks from 71 EMT department Students. Used measurements were self-reported questionnaires about cognition and CAMI questionnaires about attitudes. Analysis of data was done by frequence, percentage and t-test with SAS program. The cognition was changed over positively after then before Psychiatric Nursing Course. Especially, It was answered that needed to learning, caring and curing for mental illness. The study of attitudes for mentally ill person was that authoritarianism, benevolence and social restrictiveness were changed over positively but community mental health ideology was not changed. In conclusion, follwing the results of this study, the psychiatric nursing course work was influenced very much to changing of attitudes and cognition toward mentally ill person. Accordingly, psychiatric nursing curriculum will be offered and psychiatric educators have to emphasize the understanding of attitudes and cognition toward mentally ill person.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.896-903
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was designed to exam me the effects of an assertive training program on interpersonal relations, and psychiatric symptoms in patients with a mental disorder. Method: The study employed a quasi experimental design. The subjects included 44 patients with a mental disorder, 20 in the experimental group, and 24 in the control group. Data was collected using structured questionnaires over a 3 month period. Results: There were greater significant increases in scores of interpersonal relations and content of communication in the experimental group than the control group. Also, there was a greater significant decrease in the score of psychiatric symptoms in the experimental group than the control group. Conclusion: Assertive training has an effect on increasing content of communication and decreasing psychiatric symptoms.

• 정신간호학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.380-393
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore psychiatric nurses' decision making in the use of seclusion and restraint (SR). Methods: Data were collected using focus group interviews. Two focus group interviews were held with a total of 10 psychiatric nurse participants. All interviews were recorded and transcribed, and data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Eleven categories emerged from three main themes. All the themes describe factors that participants took into account when deciding whether to implement SR: 1) Personal factors area: 'Personal attributes of nurses,' 'Attitude of nurses regarding SR,' 'Nurses' physical and emotional states,' 'Negative experiences of nurses related to SR'; 2) Relational factors area: 'The level of cooperation between nurses and doctors,' 'Role models created by seniors and colleagues,' 'The level of support by nursing assistants,' 'Therapeutic relations with patients'; and 3) Environmental factors area: 'Poor nursing work environment,' 'Atmosphere of ward regarding SR,' and 'Social atmosphere to raise alarm about SR.' Conclusion: These findings should be considered in the evaluation of the use of SR in psychiatric hospital settings and appropriate strategies used to help minimize the use of restraint.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.210-219
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• 2022

Psychiatric nursing is a specialty where nursing students experience many difficulties in applying what they have learned in theory to clinical practice. Therefore, a situation-oriented case-based strategy is required to help them overcome the limitations of psychiatric nursing clinical practice and reduce their burden. This study aimed to measure the effectiveness of a psychiatric nursing clinical practice program using situation-oriented case-based learning. Participants comprised 63 nursing students in psychiatric nursing classes. The students were asked to create a scenario of interaction between a nurse and patient based on a case study. Empathy, therapeutic communication ability, and attitudes toward mental illnesses were measured. We analyzed the effectiveness of the program by comparing changes in the nursing students' empathy, therapeutic communication ability, and attitude toward mental illness after the program. The participants showed significant increases in empathy and therapeutic communication abilities. However, there were no significant changes in attitudes toward mental illnesses. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that situation-based learning will be effective for students who have difficulties in certain aspects, such as COVID-19, or where there are limited clinical practice opportunities, such as psychiatric nursing.