• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.73
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• pp.92-128
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• 2015

We found that world wide popularity was attracted by Korea culture aspects of Psy's . The main factors that caused the syndrome, we noticed that the image of Korea. Expressly, we compared the Korea cultural scene that appeared in and . So, we analyzed successful Korea cultural factors of . For the analysis, we applied the Q methodology. As a result, in , we found 'Recreation Type', 'Advanced Development Type', 'Relieve fatigue type' and 'Adult Type'. Most of these factors have been recognized in Korea cultural factors. we found 'Communal Dancing Type', 'Cheeky Dance Type', 'Pleasant Packing Carriage Type', and 'afflicting type'. However, the Korean factor of were identified only 'Packing Carriage Culture'.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.224-241
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• 2015

This study investigates the time-space characteristics of the consumptions of cultural-contents commodities and their spatial diffusion progresses via digital media. For the purpose, we examine the spatial diffusion patterns of PSY's Music Video "Gangnam Style" since it has been launched on the YouTube. By visualizing the spacio-temporal progresses of YouTube, Tweet, and Google searching data during four months after launching, we examine the time-space characteristics of diffusion patterns of the music video via each media. We found that the adapting time and the diffusion progress were not in accordance at each country. The results revel that cultural distance such as characterized by language, cultural linkage, exclusivism or courtesy for the 'Hanrue' affects quite strongly on the spatial diffusion of music video rather than physical distance.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.109-124
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• 2020

In 2012, Psy's music video 'Gangnam Style' spread through parodies, and gained explosive popularity. In 2016, there was a case so-called as 'baseball ground cheering song' in which a author(songwriters) claimed an infringement of the 'right of integrity' related to cheering songs used by professional baseball teams. In response, the court denied violating the right of integrity in 2019. These cases have different effects depending on whether or not the 'right of integrity' is claimed. This study attempted an economic analysis in addition to a legal analysis of the right of integrity. Korean copyright law regards even simple changes that go against the author's will as a infringement of the 'right of integrity' even if they do not harm honor or reputation. Such legislation is one of the most strongly protected forms in the world, so it cause many problems. Meanwhile, we analyzed the cost-benefit analysis of Psy's 'Gangnam Style' case and the 'baseball ground cheering song' case. As a result of the analysis, the right to integrity is inefficient in quantitative and qualitative aspects. Therefore, the right of integrity should be reconsidered with the focus on 'popular music'. In particular, considering the development of information communication technology and changes, a revision direction is needed to meet the purpose of the copyright act. Furthermore, in order to solve the legal issues under the Copyright Act, the requirement for infringement of the right of integrity should be relaxed. Then, we proposed the establishment of a proviso clause on the right of integrity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2015.11a
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• pp.31-34
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• 2015

The U.S. music market is a lucrative market for many foreign musicians due to its sheer size and it continues to play a leading role in the world music industry. However, it is a challenge to gain entry into that market and an even greater challenge to achieve success and fame within it. In fact, changes in the media paradigm have allowed for musicians to be able to independently produce their own songs and promote them globally. Some scholars address that the media paradigm shifting from traditional outlets to new outlets gives a chance to bypass traditional gatekeepers when entering the U.S. music market. Based on this scenario, this article examined two songs from Korean singer, Psy: Gangnam Style and Gentleman as a single case study. Utilizing Google Trends as a source of information, this study examined how each song's recognition among American music fans was different based on radio spins on Top 40 commercial radio stations. This article sheds new light on radio, which has been neglected due to the media paradigm shift, and presents how radio programmers are part of a complicated gatekeeping process which ultimately decides which songs are to gain popularity.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.95-102
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to explain why the social phenomenon of the wisdom of the crowd does not empirically apply. The motivation of this study is to explain the Korean social issue: the Tablo incident. In this study, 50 university students participated in the experiments to assess the impact of social media on the wisdom of crowds effect. We find evidence of a positive wisdom of crowds effect, when respondents are less exposed to media. In contrast, the collective information seems to be negatively distorted by respondents highly exposed to media. This research has strong implication for education policy and theories of social interaction.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.24-32
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• 2015

The global success of PSY's Gangnam Style was mediated through combination of YouTube and SNS. PSY's success led into some communication scholars' consideration of new international circulation of Korean pop culture (Korean Trend 2.0). In terms of global circulation of pop culture, it is noticeable how users appropriate YouTube channel beyond mere watching music videos and mere international circulation of Korean pop culture. The mode of fan's activity and appropriation contributes to the expansion of the width and amplification of the volume of Korean popular culture as well. The circulation of pop culture was considered in the level of exchange of tangible commodities such as CD, DVD, and so on until the adoption of digital media and Internet. YouTube has brought new mode in which the international circulation of pop culture is mediated without exchange of tangible commodities but was amplified with the diffusion of network. This study grasps how the mode of users' appropriation contributes to international circulation of pop culture through case studies of some K-pop music videos and international K-pop fans' tribute activities. In terms of theoretical perspective, fandom studies will be examined. In terms of research method, the researcher adopts netnography, a participatory observation on network, to find the feature of fandom and its contribution to the international circulation of pop cultures.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.227-236
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper is to explore the possibility for Korean entertainment companies to enter into debt financing. In particular, this study focuses on the possibility of issuing corporate bond and the asset backed securities (ABS) by two leading entertainment companies in Korea: SM Entertainment (SM) and YG Entertainment (YG). Depth interview with specialists such as investment bankers (IB), bond brokers, and financial directors and executives in entertainment companies was done. The results show that IB's opinion on issuing corporate bonds by SM and YG is positive. However, they may need to meet four requirements including maintaining stable cash-flow, diversifying sales source, enhancing accounting and legal transparencies and verifying managerial capabilities. In addition, Psy' s 'Gangnam style', his global hit song, turns out to have high potential as a base asset for ABS.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.312-324
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• 2017

This study examined how German newspapers and magazines report Korean mass culture, specifically what content on Hallyu (Korean wave) was present and what news frames were used. External characteristics, the content attributes, report trend, and news frames on Hallyu in the German media were analyzed. According to the results, German media from 2009 to 2014 reported the least about Korean wave with only a total of 78 articles. The greatest amount of articles occurred in 2012 when by PSY was a global success. The most common Korean wave articles focused on film and K-pop, but not drama. Hallyu news showed mostly a positive trend. Additionally, a thematic frame was used. Content revealed that a culturally interesting frame was most common. In order to improve the Korea image in Germany, it is proposed that 'the mediated Culture PR' be adapted to German media.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1-15
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• 2019

Psy's Gangnam style in 2012 showed K-pop's potential for global growth and BTS proved it by reaching three consecutive Billboard No.1. The success in the global music market brings tremendous economical and cultural power. This study is conducted for the continuous growth of K-pop music in the global music market by analyzing the musical factor of K-pop's global success. The top 20 most-viewed K-pop MV on Youtube is chosen as a research subject because Youtube is a worldwide platform that reflects global popularity. For the process of K-pop music creation, the role of the composer is expanded and many overseas producers participate in music creation. All 20 songs are created by the collective creation system and there is a consecutive collaboration between the main producers and certain artists. The top 20 most viewed K-pop songs have the musical characteristics of transnational genre convergence, hook songs, sophisticated sounds, frequent use of English lyrics, a reflection of the latest global trends, rhythm optimized for dance and clear concept. It makes the K-pop song easily remembered and familiar to overseas listeners. K-pop's healthy and fresh theme brings emotional empathy and reflects Korean sentiments. K-pop's global success is not a coincidence, but a result of continuous efforts to advance overseas. Some critics criticize K-pop's musical style is similar and it shows K-pop's limitation but K-pop progressed its musical evolution. By keeping the merits of K-pop's success factors and complementing its weak points, K-pop will continue its popularity and increase influence in the global music market.