• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.878-883
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• 2008

Prunus mume was extracted using various solvents including ethyl ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The extracts were fractionated by column chromatography. Antimicrobial compounds (A, B and C) in fractions showing antimicrobial activity were purified by Sephadex LH 20 column chromatography, and identified by $^{1}H$- and $^{13}C$-NMR analysis as isoeugenol, nomilin and $\beta$-sitosterol, respectively.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.269-273
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• 2008

In this study, we investigated changes of general components and biological activity of the fruit of Prunus mume. The average moisture content of the fruit ranged from 88.34-90.04%. Crude protein and crude fat contents were not significantly different among samples. During ripening, crude protein decreased and crude fat increased. The level of polyphenols in the fruit gradually increased during ripening. An antimicrobial activity test indicated that methanol extracts had the highest activity and that the antimicrobial activity increased gradually with harvest time. Antimicrobial substances in methanol extracts of the fruit maintained their activity after heating at $100^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes and were unaffected by changes in pH. The antioxidant activities of extracts isolated with different solvents were: methanol> ethylacetate > water> ether> hexane. Antioxidant activity was not significantly different for different harvest times. The antioxidant index of the methanol extract was also the highest in electron donating activity.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.177-187
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• 1999

This study was designed to investigate the effects of sports drink including the extract from Prunus mume on the changes of oxygen uptake, minute ventilaton, heart rate, and blood lactate concentration during 1 hour treadmill running exercise corresponding to 75%VO$_2$max. Subjects were 16 male athletes(long distance runners and tennis players). The changing patterns of oxygen uptake and minute ventilation showed no significnat difference among all types of sports drink, but the minute vetilation of the placebo group showed a higher value than type I group during submaximal exercise. Although the changing patterns of heart rate and blood lactate concentration showed no significnat difference among all types of sports drink, but type E group showed a lower heart rate compared to Placebo group. And blood lactate concentration of placebo group showed a higher value compared to the value corresponding to lactate threshold during submaimal exercise. but the other types of sports drink showed a lower value of blood lactate concentration. Especially blood lactate threshold of type D and E groups showed a lower value (range from 1.44 to 2.00mM) during submaximal exercise. In these results, the sports drink including the extract from Prunus mume showed no significant effects to the changes of oxygen uptake, minute ventilaton, heart rate, and blood lactate concentration during 1 hour treadmill runnuing exercise corresponding to 75%VO$_2$max. But it could be suggested the positive effects of the intake of sports drink including the extract from Prunus mume on the inhibition of exercise-induced fatigue during submaximal exercise, because of the lower changing Patterns of heart rate, blood lactate concentration, and ventilation efficiency in this results.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.1109-1119
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• 2011

In the present study, the pro-apoptotic effects of methanol extract of Prunus mume fruits (MEPM) in human leukemia U937 cells were investigated. It was found that exposure to MEPM resulted in growth inhibition in a concentration-dependent manner by inducing apoptosis. The induction of apoptotic cell death in U937 cells by MEPM was correlated with a down-regulation of inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family, such as X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) and survivin, anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, up-regulation of FasL and cleavage of Bid. MEPM treatment also induced the proteolytic activation of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9, and degradation of caspase-3 substrate proteins, such as poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and ${\beta}$-catenin. In addition, apoptotic cell death induced by MEPM was significantly inhibited by z-DEVD-fmk, a caspase-3 specific inhibitor, which demonstrates the important role of caspase-3 in the apoptotic process by MEPM in U937 cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that P. mume extracts may be a potential chemotherapeutic agent for the control of human leukemia cells and further studies will be needed to identify the active compounds.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2017

Objectives : The fruit of Prunus mume Siebold & Zucc. has been used as an alternative medicine and functional food in Korea and Japan for preventive and therapeutic purposes. However, its molecular actions and mechanism on anti-inflammatory activity have not been clearly investigated. The aim of this study was to clarify the anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanol extract of P. mume fruit (EEPM) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, and sought to understand the associated molecular mechanisms. Methods : Cytotoxicity was assessed by an MTT assay. The amount of nitric oxide (NO) production was determined by nitrite assay. The mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was analyzed by RT-PCR. In addition, expression levels of iNOS, nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein were detected by Western blotting. Results : Our data indicated that EEPM inhibited NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. At the mRNA and protein levels, EEPM suppressed LPS-induced iNOS expression. On the other hand, EEPM markedly enhanced HO-1 expression, which was associated with an induction and nuclear translocation of Nrf2. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of EEPM against LPS‑induced NO production was significantly enhanced by hemin, a HO-1 inducer; however, EEPM's effect on the production of NO was abolished by zinc protoporphyrin IX, a HO-1 inhibitor. Conclusion : The results suggest that EEPM can act as a suppressor agent on NO production through an activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, and may be a promising candidate for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

• Korea Journal of Cosmetic Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2019

The identification of compounds with anti-senescence activity in cell culture system is a first step in aging research. Given that pyruvate can be used energy source by conversion to acetyl-CoA in mitochondria, and protects cultured cell from various stress-induced cell damage and cell death, synthetic media (e.g., DMEM) often includes 1 mM pyruvate, which is very higher than the pyruvate concentration in human blood (approximately 30 ��M). However, the use of medium containing high concentration of pyruvate is not suitable for screening anti-senescence compounds, because pyruvate also protects against the cellular senescence of primary human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) through NAD+ generated during conversion to lactate. In this study, four extracts, i.e., Sprouted seed and fruit complex, Poncirus trifoliata fruit extract, Jaum balancing complex, and Prunus mume extract were used for evaluation of different anti-senescence effect in the absence or presence of 0.1 mM pyruvate, similar to the physiological pyruvate concentration. The senescence in NHDFs cultured with DMEM in the presence of 0.1 mM pyruvate (approximately the physiological concentration in human blood) is accelerated, as observed in pyruvate deprivation conditions. The cytotoxicity of the Poncirus trifoliata fruit extract was protected by pyruvate, and Jaum balancing complex and Prunus mume extract had anti-senescence activity in the presence of 0.1 mM pyruvate, but not in the absence of pyruvate. Given that pyruvate is a powerful protector against both cytotoxicity and cellular senescence, the screening of candidate agents for anti-senescence in high pyruvate conditions using an in vitro cell culture system is not valid. Therefore, we recommend the use of a low concentration of pyruvate to evaluate the anti-senescence effects of candidates, which is more similar to in vivo aging conditions than excessive stress-induced senescence models, to exclude the effect of excessive pyruvate in vitro.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.188-193
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• 2017

This study investigated the antioxidant activities of distilled water, ethanol and methanol extracts of Plunus mume flower buds (PFB). The various solvent extracts of PFB were evaluated for their total polyphenol, flavonoid, reducing power and free radical scavenging activities by FRAP and DPPH analysis. The ethanol extract of PFB contained significantly higher amounts of total polyphenols (145 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (25.43 mg QE/g) than methanol (132 and 25.42) and distilled water (113.6 and 18.04). Among solvent extracts of PFB, the ethanol extract showed the highest antioxidant activities. The 100% ethanol extract of PFB contained significantly higher amounts of total polyphenols and flavonoids than 70% and 50% ethanol extracts. Moreover, the 100% ethanol extract of PFB showed high efficacy in DPPH radical scavenging activity and in collagenase inhibition activity. This results suggest that 100% ethanol extract of PFB has the most effective antioxidant capacity compared to the methanol and water extracts tested in the present study. Thus, it can be applied for the effective extraction of functional material from PFB for usage of cosmeceutical and/or food industries.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.32-38
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• 1985

The anthelmintic substance of the roasted fruits of Prunas mume against Clonorchis sinensis was isolated and its structure was identified by chemical and physical methods. The results obtained from the experiments are as follows: 1) The methanol extract of the roasted fruits of P. mume was fractionated into four parts: petroleum ether, ethyl ether, ethyl acetate and water soluble part. Among these, etherial fraction was found to have strong wormicidal effect on liberated metacercaria of Clonorchis sinensis. 2) From the etherial fraction, the wormicidal substance was isolated by silica gel, polyamide and sephadex column chromatography and identified to be 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) by chemical and spectral data. 3) 5-HMF was synthesized and administered to the rabbits infected with C. sinensis. On the 2nd day after administration, the EPG (eggs per gram in feces) reached to the maximal value. Among the adult worms isolated from the bile duct of the treated animal, 84% of worms were damaged morphologically. 4) The content of 5-HMF in the fruits of P. mume which were roasted in an oven at $90-110^{\circ}C$ for 52 hours and that in the fresh fruits was evaluated by HPLC. The content of 5-HMF was 0.8% in the roasted fruits and 0.02% in the fresh ones.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.700-705
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• 2012

$Prunus$ $mume$ was steamed for easier removal of the pulp. The steamed fruit pulp was vacuum dried and powdered. The steamed $Prunus$ $mume$ powder (SPP) was passed through a 250 ${\mu}m$ sieve, fluidized in a fluid-bed granulator, and then granulated by top-spraying with water (SPPGW) or the extract obtained from steam (SPPGE). Then the physicochemical and sensory properties of SPP, SPPGW, and SPPGE were evaluated. The flowability of powder (angle of repose $^{\circ}$) of SPP, SPPGW and SPPGE was $23.59^{\circ}$, $11.07^{\circ}$, and $13.94^{\circ}$, respectively. The water dispersibility of SPP, SPPGW, and SPPGE was 18.69, 10.04 and 6.00 sec, respectively. Also, the overall acceptance of SPP, SPPGW and SPPGE was 3.00, 3.44 and 6.56, respectively. In conclusion, SPPGE can be used as granular steamed whole fruit pulp with good powder flowability and dispersibility, and therefore consumer acceptance.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.304-309
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• 2006

In order to examine the antimicrobial effect on dairy processing facilities and products, Prunus mume extinct (PME) was applied to the pilot plant system of dairy industry and yogurt, PME showed thermal and pH stability in the wide spectrum of temperature ($40{\sim}150^{\circ}C$) and pH ($4{\sim}10$) and remarkable antimicrobial activities against dairy spoilage microorganisms. As the result of aseptic treatment of dairy processing facilities with PME microbial colony including coliform bacteria was not detected canpore to those detected in the control. In the level of PME concentration which inhibit the growth of putrefactive microorganisms we could produce yogurt with good scores of sensory evaluation.