• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.249-256
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• 2015

Restorative dental materials have advanced rapidly, with improved physical properties that improve survival rates. Accordingly, various materials can be selected. Amalgam, composite resin, glass-ionomer cement, and preformed stainless steel crowns have all been used widely for the restoration of dental caries in primary molars. The various dental materials used to treat proximal caries in the primary molars have distinct advantages and disadvantages. However, few studies have examined their survival rates. This retrospective study examined the 2-year survival rates of more than 700 class II restorations of proximal caries in primary molars clinically and radiologically according to the type of restoration. The study results should help in the selection of class II restorations for molars, one of the biggest concerns of pediatric dentists.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.349-354
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the newly-developed $Qraypen^{TM}$ (All In One Bio, Korea) system for the diagnosis of early proximal caries by comparing it with the conventional methods of visual inspection and periapical radiography. This study was carried out from July 2015 to April 2016 targeting 32 children aged 7~12 years who visited Y-Dental Clinic for school oral health examinations. Two investigators selected and examined a total of 153 primary molars that had not undergone restorative treatment. Comparisons were carried out between visual inspections, readings of posterior periapical radiography images, and readings of $Qraypen^{TM}$ images. This study revealed that the percentage of interproximal surfaces of primary molar teeth without caries incidence was 83.7% using $Qraypen^{TM}$ imaging and 84.9% using visual inspection and periapical radiography. The differences between the two methods were not statistically significant. Thus, $Qraypen^{TM}$ is expected to be a useful and convenient auxiliary diagnostic device that can facilitate the detection of hidden proximal caries in primary molars.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.415-433
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• 1998

Digora system is an intraoral indirect digital radiography system utilizing storage phosphor image plate. It has wide dynamic range which allows it to decrease the patient s exposure time and may increase diagnostic ability through image processing (such as edge enhancement, grey scale conversion, brightness change, and contrast enhancement). And also, it can transmit and storage image information. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic ability of artificial proximal caries between Conventional radiograph and Digora images(unenhanced image, brightness & contrast controlled image, and edge enhanced image). ROC(Receiver Operating Characteristic) analysis, paired t-tests, and F-tests were done for the statistical evaluation of detectability. The following results were acquired: 1. In Grade I lesions, the mean ROC areas of Conventional radiograph, Digora unenhanced image, Digora controlled image, and Digora edge enhanced image were 0.953, 0.933, 0.965, 0.978 (p>0.05). 2. In Grade II lesions, the mean ROC areas of Conventional radiograph, Digora unenhanced image, Digora controlled image, and Digora edge enhanced image were 0.969, 0.964, 0.988, 0.994. Among theses areas, there was just statistical significance between Diagnostic abilities of Digora edge enhanced image and Conventional radiograph (p<0.05). 3. In the Interobserver variability, the ROC curve areas of Digora edge enhanced image was lowermost in these areas, regardless of the Carious lesion depths. In conclusion, intraoral indirect digital system, Digora system, has the potential possibility as an alternative of Conventional radiograph in the diagnosis of proximal caries.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.131-139
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• 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for diagnosis of interproximal caries in pediatric intraoral radiographs. A total of 500 intraoral radiographic images of first and second primary molars were used for the study. A CNN model (Resnet 50) was applied for the detection of proximal caries. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and area under ROC curve (AUC) were calculated on the test dataset. The diagnostic accuracy was 0.84, sensitivity was 0.74, and specificity was 0.94. The trained CNN algorithm achieved AUC of 0.86. The diagnostic CNN model for pediatric intraoral radiographs showed good performance with high accuracy. Deep learning can assist dentists in diagnosis of proximal caries lesions in pediatric intraoral radiographs.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.87-90
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• 2007

It's important that detect early caries of deciduous and permanent teeth to prevent dental caries and prevserve teeth, especially on proximal surface of deciduous teeth. The reason is that their prominent pulp horn lead to pulp treatment easily due to rapid caries progression. There are conventional exploring, visual inspection and radiographic exam for early caries detection. But, the standard method for diagnosing dental caries is subject and cavitation may be accelerated during exploring procedure. Caries can be diagnosed up to 40% mineral loss with radiograph. $DIFOTI^{(R)}$ (Digital Imaging Fiber-Optic TransIllumination) is diagnostic imaging system for early caries detection using fiber-optic illumination. It is possible that remineralize the tooth surface without tooth preparation and conserve the tooth structure by using $DIFOTI^{(R)}$.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2024

Purpose: This study evaluated the impact of artifacts generated by metal crowns on the detection of proximal caries lesions in teeth at various distances using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Additionally, the diagnostic impacts of tube current and metal artifact reduction (MAR) were investigated. Materials and Methods: Thirty teeth were arranged within 10 phantoms, each containing 1 first premolar, 1 second premolar, and 1 second molar. A sound first molar (for the control group) or a tooth with a metal crown was placed. Of the 60 proximal surfaces evaluated, 15 were sound and 45 exhibited enamel caries. CBCT scans were acquired using an OP300 Maxio unit (Instrumentarium, Tuusula, Finland), while varying the tube current (4, 8, or 12.5 mA) and enabling or disabling MAR. Five observers assessed mesial and distal surfaces using a 5-point scale. Multi-way analysis of variance was employed for data comparison, with P<0.05 indicating statistical significance. Results: The area under the curve (AUC) varied from 0.40 to 0.60 (sensitivity: 0.28-0.45, specificity: 0.44-0.80). The diagnostic accuracy was not significantly affected by the presence of a metal crown, milliamperage, or MAR(P>0.05). However, the overall AUC and specificity were significantly lower for surfaces near a crown (P<0.05). Conclusion: CBCT-based caries detection was not influenced by the presence of a metal crown, variations in milliamperage, or MAR activation. However, the diagnostic accuracy was low and was further diminished for surfaces near a crown. Consequently, CBCT is not recommended for the detection of incipient caries lesions.

• Proceedings of the KACD Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.627-627
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• 2007

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.113-121
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• 2002

Conventional intraoral radiography continues to be the most widely used image modality for the diagnosis of dental caries. But, conventional intraoral radiography has several shortcomings, including the difficulty of exposing and processing intraoral film of consistently acceptable quality. In addition, radiographic retaking that was the result of processing errors, may result in increased discomfort and radiation dose to the patient. Recently, various digital radiographies substitute for conventional intraoral radiography to overcome these disadvantages. The advantages of digital radiography are numerous. One of advantages Is the elimination of processing errors. In addition, the radiation dose for digital system is approximately 20% to 25% of that required for conventional intraoral radiography Another potential advantage of digital imaging is the ability to perform image quality enhancements such as contrast and density modulation, which may increase diagnostic accuracy. The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic ability of artificial proximal defects to conventional intraoral radiography, direct digital image(CDX2000HQ$^{\circledR}$) and indirect digital image(Digora$^{\circledR}$). Artificial defects were made in proximal surfaces of 60 extracted human molars using #1/2, #1, #2 round bur. Five dentists assessed proximal defects on conventional intraoral radiography, direct digital image(CDX2000HQ$^{\circledR}$) and indirect digital image(Digora$^{\circledR}$). ROC(Receiver Operating Characteristic) analysis and Two-way ANOVA test were used for the evaluation of detectability, and following results were acquired. 1. The mean ROC area of conventional intraoral radiography, direct digital image(CDX2000HQ$^{\circledR}$) and indirect digital Image(Digora$^{\circledR}$) were 0.6766, 0.7538, 0.6791(Grade I), 0.7176, 0.7594, 0.7361(Grade II), and 0.7449, 0.7608, 0.7414(Grade III), respectively. 2. Diagnostic ability of direct digital image was higher than other image modalities. But, there was no statistically significant difference among other imaging modalities for Grade I, II, III lesion(p>0.05). In conclusion, when direct and indirect digital system are comparable with conventional intraoral radiography. these systems may be considered an alternative of conventional intraoral radiography for the diagnosis of proximal surface caries.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.12-20
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• 2021

The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the survival rate by comparing Class II restoration using flowable resin composite with stainless steel crown in primary molars. Electronic medical records and radiographs of 1,504 primary molars with proximal caries of 590 patients from June 2015 to August 2019 were analyzed. With the collected data, survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The 1-year survival rate of flowable resin composite in the primary molar was 98.5%, 3-year survival rate was 87.7%, and mean survival time was 39 months. There was no statistically significant difference between flowable resin composite and stainless steel crown (p = 0.896). Within the limits of this study, Class II restoration using flowable resin composite can be considered a promising option for the treatment of proximal caries in primary molars.

• Proceedings of the KACD Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.592.1-592
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• 2001

Conventional intraoral radiography continues to be the most widely used for the diagnosis of dental caries. But conventional intraoral film has several shortcomings, including processing error, increased radiation dose, etc. Recently, various digital radiographs substitude for conventional radiography to overcome these disadvantages. The digital radiographies are numerous advantages, including elimination of processing errors, lower radiation dose, image quality enhancements such as contrast and density modulation.(omitted)