• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.125-140
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• 2007

Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the effects of acupuncture therapy(AT, AT-9), electro-acupuncture therapy(EAT) and low level laser acupuncture therapy(LAT) at LRJ on the focal ischemia-induced by intraluminal filament insertion in rats. Methods : In the present syudy, the focal ischemia was induced by Intraluminal filament insertion into left middle cerebral artery. The subjects were divided into five groups after focal brain ischemia. (n=15, in each group) : Control with no treatment, AT with acupuncture at $LR_3$, AT-9 with acupuncture at $LR_3$ and rotating 9 times in a clockwise direction, EAT with electro-acupuncture at $LR_3$ and LAT with invasive laser acupuncture at $LR_3$. Anti-apoptotic and neuroprotective effects of acupuncture were observed by mGluR5 mRNA, Bax mRNA, Bcl-2 mRNA, Cytochrome C protein, Cresyl violet-stain and Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-stain in the hippocampus. Results: 1. In LAT, mGluR5, Cresyl violet-stain and ChAT-stain were increased. 2. In LAT, Cytochrome C protein was decreased. 3. In AT-9, Bax, Cytochrome C protein and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio were decreased. 4. In AT-9, Bcl-2, Cresyl violet-stain and ChAT-stain were increased. 5. In EAT, Bcl-2 and Cresyl violet-stain were increased. Conclusions: These results suggests that LAT and AT-9 show anti-apoptotic and neuro-protective effects and that LAT and AT-9 may be useful for managing stroke by focal brain ischemia.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.704-708
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• 2002

A fast and sensitive protein staining method in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) using both an acidic dye, Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250 (CBBR) and a basic dye, Neutral Red (NR) is described. It is based on a counter ion-dye staining technique that employs oppositely charged two dyes to form an ion-pair complex. The selective binding of the free dye molecules to proteins in an acidic solution enhances the staining effect of CBBR on protein bands, and also reduces gel background. It is a rapid staining procedure, involving fixing and staining steps with short destaining that are completed in about 1 h. As the result, it showed two to fourfold increase in sensitivity comparing with CBBR staining. The stained protein bands can be visualized at the same time of staining.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.107-114
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• 1994

The Rotaviruses are members of the family Reoviridae and are the major cause of severe childhood gastroenteritis worldwide. Recently, electron microscopy has been used to detect non-group A rotaviruses to determine a relatively high resolution structure of the rotavirion. Mature, infectious virions(double-shelled particles) have a diameter of approximately 70nm, and have a capsid structure composed of two concentric protein layers. We have studied patient's stool specimen by negative staining technique complete removal of sucrose suspension. This negative staining technique that could be carried out in about 30 minutes and that could be used with crude stool specimen was an advantage of major significance. Removal of sucrose in the sample by has been completed washing with distilled of sucrose and by washing with distilled water. Ultrastructurally, typical feature of rotavirus has a double capsid construction with an inner capsid of 55nm and on outer 65-70nm diameter can be clearly demonstrated.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.181-192
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• 1983

이차원 전긱영동법에 의하여 A. proteus의 tD strain과 tD strain이 박테리아와 공생에 의해 유도된 xD strain의 단백질 양성을 비교하였다. Silver stain에 의해 비교 가능한 200여개의 주요 단백질 가운데 tD strain에서 분자량 45,000, 동전점 5.9의 특이성 단백질이, xD strain의 세포액과 공생낭에서는 분자량 29,000, 동전점 5.5의 공생 특이성 단백질이 탐지되었다. 공생 특이성 단백질은 아메바 고은 배양 및 실험 공생 아메바를 이용한 실험 결과 박테리아와 직접 연관 되어 있었다. 탐지된 두 특이성 단백질에 대하여 종전의 세포 핵 이식 및 배양 실험을 통해서 얻어진 결과에 비추어 이들 단백질 상호 연관 및 세포내의 기능에 관하여 논의하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.345-346
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• 2004

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.141-148
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• 1999

Objectives: The development of thyroid tumor has a relationship with carcinogen, oncogene and tumor suppressor gene. With aminotriazole, radioactive iodine and nitrosomethylurea as carcinogens in rat, authors investigate the incidence in type of the thyroid tumors, p21 and p53 protein expression pattern by immunohistochemical stain and the relationship between the tumors and p21-p53 protein expressions. Materials and Methods: 80 experimental animals were divided into four groups; group 1(control, no carcinogen, n=20), group 2(oral administration of aminotriazole for 36 weeks, n=20), group 3(intraperitoneal injection of 131I for one time and oral administration of aminotriazole for 36 weeks, n=20), group 4(oral administration of nitrosomethylurea for 3 days and aminotriazole for 36 weeks, n=20). After 40 weeks they were sacrificed with pathologic examination and we performed immunohistochemical staining with pan-ras monoclonal antibody for p21 protein and CMI polyclonal antibody for p53 protein with paraffin-embedded specimens. Results: 1) No tumors were observed in group I, but 38.3% of nodular goiters, 11.7% of adenomas and 50.0% of carcinomas were observed in carcinogen treated groups(group 2, 3, 4). 2) The incidence of nodular goiter, adenoma and carcinoma were 70%, 20% and 10% in group 2, 40%, 15% and 45% in group 3 and 5%, 0% and 95% in group 4. 3) p21 protein was not expressed in normal thyroid tissues but was expressed in 26.1% of nodular goiters, 42.9% of adenomas and 6.7% of carcinomas. On the other hands, p53 protein was not expressed in normal thyroid tissues, nodular goiters, adenomas and in well differentiated thyroid carcinomas by immunohistochemical stain. Conclusion: The authors suggest that aminotrizole, 131I, nitrosomethylurea can be etiologic agents in the development of thyroid tumor and the p21 protein can be expressed in the early stage and in benign condition of thyroid tumor but p53 protein is not expressed in all conditions of development in rats.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.333-340
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• 1998

연구배경: 폐암은 전세계적으로 암중에서도 높은 발생빈도를 보이는 질환이며 흡연, 공해와 환경오염 등으로 인해 점차 증가하고 있다. 폐암에서는 다양한 유전학적 변화가 나타나는데 그중에서도 특히 p53의 유전자 변이와 그에 따른 p53 본래의 종양억제력의 상실은 종양발생에 관련되는 것으로 밝혀져 있다. P53 변이의 확인은 면역조직염색, PCR 분석법과 ESISA 분석 등으로 조사할 수 있다. 방 법: P53의 혈청학적 측정은 69명의 폐암환자와 대조군으로 42명 비폐암 호흡기질환자에서 조사되었다. 혈청 p53 변이단백은 ELISA 방법으로 측정하였고 조직 면역화학염색은 p53의 단크론항체를 이용하였다. 결 과: 혈청학적 검사에서 비소세포 폐암의 p53 변이단백은 0.28ng/mL, 소세포폐암은 0.20ng/mL, 그리고 대조군은 0.34ng/mL로서 세군간의 유의한 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. 또한 폐암의 임상병기에 따른 p53의 농도에는 어떤 상관성도 발견할 수 없었다. 폐암조직에 대한 p53 면역화학염색상 50%의 양성율을 보였으나 혈청학적 검사와는 어떤 상관성을 볼 수 없었다. 결 론: 결론적으로 본 연구의 변이 p53단백에 대한 혈청학적 검사는 폐암에 대한 진단적 가치는 없는 것으로 생각된다. 또한 원발성 폐암의 p53 변이를 확인하기 위한 조직면역화학염색은 50%에서 양성을 확인하였다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.488-499
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• 1996

Diabetes mellitus revealed a chronic disorder of lipid, carbohydrate and protein metabolism characterized by insulin deficiency, and a striking tendency toward development of atherosclerosis, microangiopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy and recently cardiomyopathy etc. The mechanism of heart failure in patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy is not clear but diabetic cardiomyopathy usually occurs in persons with long standing diabetes. After diabetes induced in made Sprague- Dawley strain rats by injection of streptozotocin(60mg/kg), cardiac tissue with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome stain was examined at 3 days, 1, 2, 4, 6 weeks later under light microscope. The results were obtained as follows : 1. In H&E stain of control group, myocardiac cells were shorter than skeletal muscle cell, which was branched out and connected each other at terminal with striation, intercalated disk and nucleus at center of cell. 2. In MT stain of control group, a few of collagen fibrile were seen at periva scular interstium, but wasn't seen between skeletal muscle fiber, and cardiac muscle was seen in various size. 3. In MT stain of experimental group, increased collagen fiber deposition at perivascular interstiums were seen periodically. 4. In MT stain of experimental group, increased collagen fiber deposition at interstitial matrix between perimyocardiac cells were seen at 3 day, 4 weeks and 6 weeks after DM induction. 5. In H&E stain of experimental group, partial degeneration of myocardiac cells was seen after 4 weeks of DM induction. From above results, streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus increased collagen around perivascular and between intercellular matrix in heart.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.139-148
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• 1999

Oral cancer is a common neoplasm in humans and etiologic mechanism is not well known, so treatment and evaluation of oral cancer is difficult problem. Traditional TNM classification between prognosis of tumors and classification of histopathologic differentiation has problem like lack of objectivity through operators. In molecular biology, cancer is developed by alteration of activation of oncogene and/or inactivation of tumor suppressor gene. The p53 gene, one of the tumor suppresor genes, is believed to play an important role through mutation and overexpression in the progression of human cancers. The p53 mutation is most frequent genetic disorder in humans. The Cyclin D1 has tumor suppresion activity by regulation of cell cycle. The Cyclin D1 regulate activity of Rb tumor suppresor gene by stimulation of CDK4 The purpose of this study was to observe the expression of p53 protein and Cyclin D1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma, and to get expectation of the malignancy and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Using the 15 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and the microscopic H&E and immunohistochemical stain. We divided it into 3 groups according to the stain extent, clinical stage and histologic differentiation. The results were as follows1.In the features of immunohistochemical stain of 15 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, positive reaction of p53 was identified in 8 cases (53.3%) and positive reaction of cyclin D1 was identified in 3 cases (20%). Both positive reaction of p53 protein and Cyclin D1 was show in only one case. 2.8 of p53 positive cases were linked in 87.5% of the end stage tumor, 62.5% of neck node involvement, 87.5% of poorly and moderately histopathplogic differentiation. 3. All 3 of Cyclin D1 positive cases were linked in the end stage tumor, neck node involvement, poorly and moderately histopathologic differentiation. From above results, expression of p53 protein was identified in 53.3% of 15 cases and these results mean oral squamous cell carcinoma was drived by mutation of p53 protein. Especially, highly positive reaction of p53 protein and Cyclin D1 was identified in cases that involvement of neck lymph node and the end stage tumors and it means that the evaluation of p53 protein and Cyclin D1 was useful for evaluation of malignant tumor as specific tumor marker.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.375-381
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• 1995

Two intraocular tumors were identified in low and medium dosed groups of a carcinogenicity study using 200 males and 200 females Sprague-Dawley rats in Screening & Toxicology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology. The tumors were grossly observed as white or yellow, unilateral nodules. They were approximately $1-2{\times}3-5mm$ in size. The tumors located in the region of iris and/or ciliary body invaded peripheral cornea. The microscopic features were usually composed of spindle cells arranged in parallel, forming gently curving bundles or whorls. The spindle cells had poorly defined cell boundaries, scant to moderate cytoplasm, fusiform nuclei and indistinct nucleoli. Mitotic figures were rare and areas of necrosis were present. The spindle cells had positive immunoreactivity for S-100 protein and vimentin but negative for desmin, collagen and HMB-45 antibody. In special histochemical studies, the spindle cells react with Gomori's stain for argyrophih fibers, Prussian blue stain for iron but negative with Masson-Fontana's stain for melanin granules. Ultrastructurally, cytoplasmic premelanosomes were not observed in the tumor cells due to the poor preservation of tumor masses. Based on the results, the tumors were diagnosed as amelanotic melanoma.