• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.1158-1167
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• 2017

Many real-world applications information are organized and represented with graph structure which is often used for representing various ubiquitous networks, such as World Wide Web, social networks, and protein-protein interactive networks. In particular, similarity evaluation between graphs is a challenging issue in many fields such as graph searching, pattern discovery, neuroscience, chemical compounds exploration and so forth. There exist some algorithms which are based on vertices or edges properties, are proposed for addressing this issue. However, these algorithms do not take both vertices and edges similarities into account. Towards this end, this paper pioneers a novel approach for similarity evaluation between graphs based on formal concept analysis. The feature of this approach is able to characterize the relationships between nodes and further reveal the similarity between graphs. Therefore, the highlight of our approach is to take vertices and edges into account simultaneously. The proposed algorithm is evaluated using a case study for validating the effectiveness of the proposed approach on detecting and measuring the similarity between graphs.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.225-231
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• 2021

In the search for another appealing source of future food to cover the increasing need for nutrients of a growing global population, this study reviewed the potential of insects as human food. This study assessed some common edible insects, but concentrated on mealworms. Insects, especially mealworms, have a similar or higher nutritional value than many conventional food sources. The present study aimed to promote health through the development of blueberry cake by Mealworm Powder (Tenebrio molitor Lavare). The results of Sensory evaluation comparison of Blueberry cake to different levels of mealworm powder. The sensory evaluation showed that sample 3 had the highest color, taste, texture, and overall texture except flavour. Therefore, mealworm blueberry cake made with 60g of mealworm powder showed the best results. The results of analyzing the general components of the Mealworm blueberry cake showed more than two times higher Crude protein and less than half Crude fat compared to control blueberry cake. It is believed that the addition of mealworm powder means that the protein in the cake, a high carbohydrate food, has been strengthened. This is the development of bakery products with both nutritional excellence and symbolism, and it is believed that wheat worm powder is a good food material as a favorite food, not a hateful food, which will improve consumer awareness of edible insects.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.877-888
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• 2023

We studied the proteolysis and conducted a sensory evaluation of fermented sausages using strains derived from Kimchi [Pediococcus pentosaceus-SMFM2021-GK1 (GK1); P. pentosaceus-SMFM2021-NK3 (NK3)], Doenjang [Debaryomyces hansenii-SMFM2021-D1 (D1)], and spontaneous fermented sausage [Penicillium nalgiovense-SMFM2021-S6 (S6)]. Fermented sausages were classified as commercial starter culture (CST), mixed with GK1, D1, and S6 (GKDS), and mixed with NK3, D1, and S6 (NKDS). The protein content and pH of GKDS and NKDS were significantly higher than those of CST on days 3 and 31, respectively (p<0.05). Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the NKDS had higher molecular weight proteins than the GKDS and CST. The myofibrillar protein solubility of the GKDS and NKDS was significantly higher than that of the CST on day 31 (p<0.05). The GKDS displayed significantly higher pepsin and trypsin digestion than the NKDS on day 31 (p<0.05). The hardness, chewiness, gumminess, and cohesiveness of the GKDS were not significantly different from those of the CST. The GKDS exhibited the highest values for flavor, tenderness, texture, and overall acceptability. According to this study, sausages fermented using lactic acid bacteria (GK1), yeast (D1), and mold (S6) derived from Korean fermented foods displayed high proteolysis and excellent sensory evaluation results.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.353-359
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• 2006

Transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants harboring the coat protein(CP) gene of Zucchini green mottle mosaic virus(ZGMMV) were chosen as a model host for the environmental risk assessment of genetically modified plants with virus resistance. This study was focused on whether new virus type may arise during serial inoculation of one point CP mutant of ZGMMV on the transgenic plants. In vitro transcripts derived from the non-functional CP mutant were inoculated onto the virus-tolerant and -susceptible transgenic N. benthamiana plants. Any notable viral symptoms that could arise on the inoculated transgenic host plants were not detected, even though the inoculation experiment was repeated a total of ten times. This result suggests that potential risk associated with the CP-expressiing transgenic plants may not be significant. However, cautions must be taken as it does not guarantee environmental safety of these CP-mediated virus-resistant plants, considering the limited number of the transgenic plants tested in this study. Further study at a larger scale is needed to evaluate the environmental risk that might be associated with the CP-mediated virus resistant plant.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.225-230
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• 2009

Lily mottle virus (LMoV) causes flower quality reduction in Lilium spp. The coat protein gene was RT-PCR-amplified from total RNA extracted from infected lily leaves and the amplified fragment was cloned into the pRSET expression vector tagged with a His-MBP. The plasmid of recombinant coat protein was used to transform an Escherichia coli strain pLysS and was expressed. The coat protein was purified by affinity chromatography using a Ni-NTA resin. The identity of the purified protein was confirmed by SDS-PAGE. The in vitro-expressed protein was used for immunization of mice. The polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies reacted specifically for the detection of LMoV in lily extracts in Western blot. Moreover the monoclonal antibodies reacted with lily extracts in DAS-ELISA with no unspecific or heterologous reactions against other non-serologically related viruses, but the polyclonal antibodies revealed a weak reaction against both infected lily and healthy control.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.1674-1680
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• 2004

The objective of this study was to compare the Dutch DVE/OEB system and the NRC-2001 model in the prediction of supply of protein to dairy cows from processed field tick beans. Comparisons were made in terms of 1) ruminally synthesized microbial CP, 2) truly absorbed protein in the small intestine, and 3) degraded protein balance. The results showed that the predicted values from the DVE/OEB system and the NRC-2001 model had significant correlations with high R (>0.90) values. However, using the DVE/OEB system, the overall average microbial protein supply based on available energy was 16% higher and the truly absorbed protein in the small intestine was 9% higher than that predicted by the NRC-2001 model. The difference was also found in the prediction of the degraded protein balances (DPB), which was 5% lower than that predicted based on data from the NRC-2001 model. These differences are due to considerably different factors used in calculations in the two models, although both are based on similar principles. It need to mention that this comparison was based on the limited data, the full comparison involving various types of concentrate feeds will be investigated in the future.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.465-469
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• 2004

Colloidal gold nanoparticles might be of use as nano scale delivery systems of various therapeutic materials in the future. Recent studies have reported the feasibility of colloidal gold nanoparticles as gene delivery systems or protein delivery systems. In this study, we aimed to develop a short-step method useful for screening the optimal coating conditions of colloidal gold nanoparticles with proteins. We observed that colloidal gold nanoparticles have properties of changing its unique color when they were exposed to NaCl solution. Taking advantage of the color changing properties of colloidal gold nanoparticles, we applied the color testing method of colloidal gold nanoparticles solutions for evaluating the protein coating nature. Using bovine serum albumin as a model protein, we tested the protein coating of colloidal gold nanoparticles via the color change upon NaCl addition. The optimal coating concentration and coating conditions of colloidal gold nanoparticles with bovine serum albumin were fixed using the color testing methods. We suggest that the color testing method might be applied to optimize the coating condition of colloidal gold nanoparticles with other therapeutic proteins.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.627-634
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of protein content on the physicochemical properties, gelatinized characteristics and textural properties of cowpea precipitate gels stored for 24 hrs and 48 hrs at room temperature. The contents of protein, total fat, and ash ranged from 0.35%∼1.38%, 0.54%∼0.64%, and 0.21%∼0.25%, respectively. The X-ray diffraction patterns were all Ca-type, showing no difference according to the protein content. Protein content did not make any difference in the blue values of cowpea precipitate. The blue value of cowpea precipitate powder as protein content was decreased. The water-binding capacity of cowpea precipitate powder increased as the protein content increased. Swelling power and solubility of cowpea precipitate powder increased as protein content decreased. The transmittance of cowpea precipitate powder was not different according to the protein content. The initial pasting temperature of cowpea precipitate powder by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and rapid visco analyser (RVA) showed no differences according to the protein content. In sensory evaluation, the color and clarity of cowpea precipitate gels stored for 24 hrs and 48 hrs at room temperature as the protein content increased, and the hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, acceptability were greater when the gels were stored for 48 hrs. Instrumental analyses using a rheometer showed that the hardness, gumminess, and chewiness of cowpea precipitate gels stored for 24 hrs, which was increased as the high protein content increased. For the gels stored for 48 hrs, all other factors are significantly different except cohesiveness as the protein content increased.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.89-90
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• 2003

Biological products are composed of vaccines, antitoxin, blood products, DNA recombinant protein drugs, monoclonal antibody, cell therapy and gene therapy. Biological products are divided into traditional (i.e. recombinant proteins and monoclonal antibodies) and novel biological products (gene and cell therapy) and will require a similar re-evaluation of the approaches taken during each development program.(omitted)

• The Journal of Korean Society of Virology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.163-171
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• 1996

The recombinant pseudorabies virus major capsid protein (rMCP) was produced by expression of the MCP gene in Sf-9 cell using baculovirus transfer vector system. Following evaluation of the immunochemical properties of the rMCP, the immunogenicity of the recombinant subunit protiens were investigated in guinea pig and swine to obtain the preliminary guide line for the subunit vaccine using rMCP and gP50. It was proved that ultrasonication and 30% ammonium sulfate was most efficient to concentrate and purify the protein. The rMCP was safe in mice, guinea pigs and piglets. In guinea pigs, rMCP mixed with various adjuvants induced substantial degree of serum neutralizing antibody titers, but revealed incomplete protectivity against challenge. In swine, the combination of rMCP and gP50 showed the higher serum neutralizing antibody titers and cellular immune responses than rMCP alone. However, the protectivity was lower in comparison with the commercial gI-deleted inactivated vaccine. We expect these results to contribute to characterization of MCP gene of Korean isolate of PRV and to ultilize as preliminary information for prodution and evaluation of PRV recombinant subunit vaccines.