• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.429-435
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• 2018

Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous protozoan parasite responsible for causing toxoplasmosis. Preventive measures for toxoplasmosis are currently lacking and as such, development of novel vaccines are of urgent need. In this study, we generated 2 virus-like particles (VLPs) vaccines expressing T. gondii rhoptry protein 4 (ROP4) or rhoptry protein 18 (ROP18) using influenza matrix protein (M1) as a core protein. Mice were intranasally immunized with VLPs vaccines and after the last immunization, mice were challenged with ME49 cysts. Protective efficacy was assessed and compared by determining serum antibody responses, body weight changes and the reduction of cyst counts in the brain. ROP18 VLPs-immunized mice induced greater levels of IgG and IgA antibody responses than those immunized with ROP4 VLPs. ROP18 VLPs immunization significantly reduced body weight loss and the number of brain cysts in mice compared to ROP4 VLPs post-challenge. These results indicate that T. gondii ROP18 VLPs elicited better protective efficacy than ROP4 VLPs, providing important insight into vaccine design strategy.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.285-298
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• 2001

Rural youth welfare was defined to provide the preventive services as well as the protective and curative services such as education, job training, youth activity, delinquency prevention, etc. for rural youth who live in rural society, including who go out to metropolitan city for study. Based on this concept, the rural youth related facilities and problems were investigated in the area of education, culture and leisure, career, and problematic behavior. The results were identified that the efforts of government and rural related institutions were in sufficient to establish and improve the facilities for rural youth, and the gap between rural and urban youth facilities was extended increasingly, in spite of seriousness of those rural youth problems. Some of policies and programs were proposed in order to improve rural youth welfare; 1) To establish at least one activity facility in every Eup ; 2) To convert the public culture facilities such as museums, fine art museums, exhibition facilities, etc. into the culture and art facilities for rural youth; 3) To establish rural youth job information center in the agricultural technology and extension center; 4) To convert school to rural youth education and cultural center; 5) To establish the comprehensive welfare facilities for rural youth in metropolitan city.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2006

이 논문은 서지보호기의 설치조건에 따른 보호효과에 대하여 기술하였으며, 뇌서지로부터 정보통신설비를 효과적으로 보호하는 설치기법을 제안하기 위해 서지보호기의 보호효과에 미치는 설치위치, 분기회로의 길이, 배선방법, 전선관 재료의 영향에 대해서 실규모 조건에서의 실험을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 보호하고자 하는 각각의 전자기기의 입력단에 서지보호기를 설치하는 것이 효과적이며, 선간에 서지보호기를 설치할 때는 접속선의 길이가 최소가 되도록 하는 배선방법이 효과적이다.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2010

우리나라는 각종 재난현장에서 석면노출에 따른 소방공무원을 보호할 수 있는 장비 및 위기대응별 진압대책이 전무한 실정이며, 공무상 재해가 인정되지 않아 법적 제도적 보호대상에서 제외되는 현실에 있다. 석면노출 기준에 의한 보호 장비 착용으로 철저한 소방 활동을 강화함은 물론 소방 활동상 유해성인자의 심각성을 인식하고 질병 피해보상에 대한 제도를 마련하여 아직까지 인정되고 있지 않은 질병에 대한 이러한 질병을 공무상 재해로 인정할 수 있는 제도적 미비점을 보완하여 소방공무원의 사기진작 및 근무환경개선에 따른 대 국민 서비스 향상을 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.328-331
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• 2008

Corrosion behaviour of water intake gate steel structures with different protective measures was investigated. Five material alternatives were taken for investigation, including: imported and recycled stainless steel, carbon steel with hot zinc spraying, painting and composite coatings. Results of corrosion rate for carbon steel, SUS 304, hot zinc spray coats in three water systems of Mekong river basin (saline, blackish and fresh) were also presented. Corrosion rate of carbon steel decreased with decreasing salinity in the investigated water environments. Meanwhile, these values for zinc coated steel, behaved by another way. Environmental data for these systems were filed and discussed in relation with corrosion characteristics. Method of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was applied in materials selection for water intake gate construction. From point of Life Cycle Cost (LCA) the following ranking was obtained: Zinc sprayed steel < Recycled stainless steel < Composite coated steel < Painting steel < SUS 304 From investigated results, hot zinc spray coating has been applied as protective measure for steel structures of water intake systems in Mekong river basin.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.475-481
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• 2022

Background: This study investigated the association between fair and supportive leadership and symptoms of burnout and insomnia in police employees. Burnout and insomnia can have negative consequences for health, performance, and safety among employees in the police profession, and risk and protective factors should be thoroughly investigated. Methods: Data were collected in a police district in Norway through questionnaires administered in October 2018 and May 2019. The sample consisted of 206 police employees (52% males), with an average age of 42 years and 16 years of experience in the police occupation. Results: The results showed that a high degree of fair and supportive leadership was associated with lower levels of burnout and insomnia six months later. Fair and supportive leadership explained a greater amount of variance in burnout compared to insomnia. This finding indicates that fair and supportive leadership is a more important buffer factor against burnout than it is against insomnia. Stress was positively associated with burnout and insomnia, whereas quantitative job demands had no significant association with the concepts. Conclusion: Fair and supportive leadership can help protect employees from adverse consequences of stress and contribute to improved occupational health, whereas a low degree of support and fair treatment from leaders can both represent a stressor by itself and contribute to poorer coping of stressful events at work. The important role of leadership should be incorporated in measures aimed at preventing and reducing burnout and sleep problems.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.201-209
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• 2011

The incidence of asbestos-related diseases (ARD) has increased in the last four decades. In view of the historical use of asbestos in Singapore since the country started banning it in phases in 1989 and the long latency of the disease, the incidence of ARD can be expected to increase further. As occupational exposure to asbestos still occurs, preventive measures to eliminate ARD continue to be required to protect the health of both workers and the public from asbestos exposure. The majority of occupational exposures to asbestos at present occur during the removal of old buildings. Preventive measures have been utilized by different government ministries and agencies in eliminating ARD in Singapore over the past 40 years. These measures have included the enforcement of legislation, substitution with safer materials, and engineering controls during asbestos removal as well as improvements in personal hygiene and the use of personal protective equipment. The existing Workman's Compensation System for ARD should be further refined, given that is currently stipulates that claims for asbestosis and malignant mesothelioma be made within 36 and 12 months after ceasing employment.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.244-254
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• 2021

The management of emerging infectious diseases cannot help but completely depend on non-pharmaceutical interventions in the early stages of the outbreak. Consequently, South Korea has developed and implemented the 3T (test-trace-treat) models, non-pharmaceutical infection prevention and control (IPC) measures, in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The IPC measures have gained global attention, rendering them to be essential in the development of a shareable, reusable, and applicable protocol for future pandemics. This study was conducted to identify the requirements necessary for standardizing the IPC measures. Three new work items of the 18 3T models were proposed to ISO/TC 304 (International Organization for Standardization/Technical Committee 304; healthcare organization management). Requirements for each IPC measure, identified by participating members (P-members) countries during the ISO ballots, were analyzed in this study. The three new work items were approved by the P-members countries after a 3-month ballot. There was a consensus that the three IPC measure models should be International Standards (IS). Other comments include (1) the models should include not only COVID-19 but also any respiratory pandemic; and (2) keep donning of level D protection at screening sites as an optional protocol, in consideration for the lack of personal protective equipment. Standardization is a systematic process of developing internationally agreed-upon wisdom and knowledge that consider and respect the diversity and universality of each country. It is expected that such standardized applicable IPC measure models contribute to global efforts to rapidly respond to a public health emergency of international concern during its early stages.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.141-147
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• 2022

Background: On the basis of its role for the development of occupational health research, information, good practices, the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH) launched the present survey to collect information on public health and prevention policies put in place by the governments of the countries in the world to contain the pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online questionnaire focused on COVID-19 data, public health policies, prevention measures, support measures for economy, work, and education, personal protective equipment, intensive care units, contact tracing, return to work, and the role of ICOH against COVID-19. The questionnaire was administered to 113 ICOH National Secretaries and senior OSH experts. Collected data refer to the period ranging from the beginning of the pandemic in each country to June 30, 2020. Results: A total of 73 questionnaires from 73 countries around the world were considered valid, with a 64.6% response rate. Most of the respondents (71.2%) reported that the state of emergency was declared in their country, and 86.1% reported lockdown measures. Most of the respondents (66.7%) affirmed that the use of face masks was compulsory in their country. As for containment measures, 97.2% indicated that mass gatherings (meetings) were limited. Regarding workplace closing, the most affected sector was entertainment (90.1%). Conclusion: The results of this survey are useful to gain a global view on COVID-19 policy responses at country level.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.413-424
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to seek measures for improvement and management of farm work safety and health by conducting questionnaire surveys and on-site investigations to ascertain the present state of occurrence of safety accidents and safety and health management levels among swine farmers. In particular, the purpose of this study is to provide basic data for the establishment of measures for the management of safety and health suitable to the characteristics of related working environments. Methods: Questionnaire surveys were conducted among 223 farmers engaged in swine farming in 14 regions, and 10 farms were visited in order to implement multilateral methods, including in-depth interviews, along with field surveys. Results: The surveys indicated that 26.2% of all respondents experienced farm-work related safety accidents and body-reaction related accidents showed a high ratio at 31.1% of all respondents. With regard to cause materials of safety accidents, work other than that directly related to swine raising showed high ratios of safety accidents, with pigsty facility related accidents at 26.6%. Although most workers recognized the dangers latent in the working environments, their behavior and responses to the prevention of safety accidents were still insufficient due to a lack of understanding of safety and health management. In the survey on the present state of personal hygiene and wearing of protective equipment, workers were found to have been exposed to dangerous and harmful environments both inside and outside pigsties, but the actual states of their wearing protective safety equipment were very poor. Conclusion: Given the results of this study, swine farmers well recognize problems in their control of safety accidents and management of safety and health, but their knowledge about safety and health education and management guidelines was insufficient. Therefore, safety and health education, public relations, and customized personal protective equipment suitable for swine raising work should be developed in order to address the foregoing problem.