• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.441-445
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• 1999

Alkaline earth metal oxides were added to the conventional MgO films as a protective layer for dielectric materials to have lower firing voltage(Vf) of the plasma display panel(PDP). Panels with various protective layers of MgO-alkaline earth metal oxides were prepared on glass by using e-beam evaporation and its effect on firing voltage characteristics were investigated. (Ba-Mg)O films had poor voltage characteristics because of higher activation energy of BaO. But, (Sr-Mg)O, (Ca-Mg)O and (Ca-Sr-Mg) O had better voltage characteristics than the conventional MgO. A mixture film of (Mg-Ca-Sr)O show the lowest firing voltage which is less than that of MgO by 20V. The chemical composition to have lowest firing voltage is MgO:SrO:CaO ratio of 6:2:2. The mixture of MgO-Alkaline earth metal oxides films showed good transmittance properties within the visual range.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.120-120
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• 2001

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 1995.11a
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• pp.106-106
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• 1995

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.115-115
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• 2000

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.15
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• pp.6477-6480
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• 2015

Purpose: Given the importance of sun protection in the prevention of skin cancer, this study was designed to determine predictors of sun-protective practices among a sample of Iranian female college students based on protection motivation theory (PMT) variables. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 201 female college students in Iran University of Medical Sciences were selected. Demographic and PMT variables were assessed with a 67-item questionnaire. Multiple linear regression was used to identify demographic and PMT variables that were associated with sun-protective practices and intention. Results: one percent of participants always wore a hat with a brim, 3.5% gloves and 15.9% sunglasses while outdoors. Only 10.9% regularly had their skin checked by a doctor. Perceived rewards, response efficacy, fear, self-efficacy and marital status were the five variables which could predict 39% variance of participants intention to perform sun-protective practices. Also, intention and response cost explained 31% of the variance of sun-protective practices. Conclusions: These predictive variables may be used to develop theory-based education interventions to prevent skin cancer among college students.

• International Journal of Safety
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.6-11
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• 2005

The goals of the paper are to understand the impact damage behavior and identify the effect of surface protective materials on impact resistance in filament wound composite pressure vessels. For these, a series of low velocity impact tests was performed on specimens cutting from the full scale pressure vessel by the instrumented impact testing machine. The specimens are classified into two types, which are with and without surface protective material. The visualization for impact damage by two different impactors is made by metallurgical microscope. Based on the impact force history and damage, the impact resistance parameters were employed,rod its validity in identifying the damage resistance of filament wound composite pressure vessel was reviewed. As the results, the impact resistance of the filament wound composites and its dependency on the surface protective material were evaluated quantitatively

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.11-11
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• 2007

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.832-838
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the amount of marginal microleakage of 2 light curable GI cements(Fuji II LC & VariGlass), which contain some resin components. 4 volunteers kept on acrylic resin plates, which contained dentin disks with cavities filled with test materials for 2 weeks. The time when polishing was done(5 minutes and 24 hours after filling) and the use of protective agents were varied, so 8 groups with each 6 specimens were tested. After having specimens(disks with cavities filled with materials) penetrated with 1% Methylene Blue solution, specimens were stored in 40% nitric acid solution for 4 days to extract adsorbed dye material. Supernatants of centrifuged samples were diluted 5 times and Spectrophotometer was used to determine the degree of absorption. Dye concentration was calculated through the pre-obtained Linear Regression Curve. The results were as follows. 1. The best result was seen in groups (PF24, PV24) which were protected and polished 24 hours later and the opposite phenomenon was seen in groups(NF24, NV24) which were held without protection and polished 24 hours later. Groups polished S minutes later showed moderate leakage pattern. 2. Groups polished 5 minutes later showed similar leakage amount irrespective of using of protective agent. But statistically insignificant lower values were seen in VariGlass than in Fuji II LC groups, So It was considered that VariGlass may be more resistant to early moisture attack than Fuji II LC. 3. In groups polished 24 hours later, there was no significant difference between materials but was definitely significant difference according to the use of protective agent. If the cement in which polishing will be done 24 hours later, Protective agent should be used to cover the surface.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.539-544
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• 2013

To study the encapsulation method for heat dissipation of high brightness organic light emitting diode (OLED), red emitting OLED of ITO (150 nm) / 2-TNATA (50 nm) / NPB (30 nm) / $Alq_3$ : 1 vol.% Rubrene (30 nm) / $Alq_3$ (30 nm) / LiF (0.7 nm) / Al (200 nm) structure was fabricated, which on $Alq_3$ (150 nm) / LiF (150 nm) as buffer layer and Al as protective layer was deposited to protect the damage of OLED, and subsequently it was encapsulated using attaching film and metal sheet. The current density, luminance and power efficiency was improved according to thickness of Al protective layer. The emission spectrum and the Commission International de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinate did not have any effects on encapsulation process using attaching film and metal sheet The lifetime of encapsulated OLED using attaching film and metal sheet was 307 hours in 1,200 nm Al thickness, which was increased according to thickness of Al protective layer, and was improved 7% compared with 287 hours, lifetime of encapsulated OLED using attaching film and flat glass. As a result, it showed the improved current density, luminance, power efficiency and the long lifetime, because the encapsulation method using attaching film and metal sheet could radiate the heat on OLED effectively.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.161-165
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• 2004

Aluminum source in an Al-Fe coating reacts with molten carbonate and develops a protective $LiAlO_2$ layer on the coating surface during operation of molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFC). However, if aluminum content in an Al-Fe coating decreases to a critical level for some reasons during MCFC operation, a stable and continuous $LiAlO_2$ protective layer can no longer be maintained. The aluminum content in an Al-Fe coating can be depleted by two different processes; one is by corrosion reaction at the surface between the aluminum source in the coating and molten carbonate, and the other is inward-diffusion of aluminum atoms within the coating into a substrate. In these two respects, therefore, the decreasing rate of aluminum concentration in an Al-Fe coating was measured, and then the influences of these two aspects on the lifetime of Al-Fe coating were investigated, respectively.