• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.461-503
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• 2008

The right to live is the most valuable benefit and protection of the law. And Medical science is the study considering value of life as the top priority. As modern medical science has progressed and expanding lifespan skills have developed, the number of symptom, called a human vegetable, has been also increased. As a result, people concerns whether euthanasia should be permitted. (1) Active euthanasia is prohibited and a doctor who conduct it is punished. (2) Indirect euthanasia can be permitted unless it is against a patient's intention. (3) Permission of passive euthanasia depends on intention of a patient. In other words, when a patient accepts, a doctor respects the right of self determination of patient and irreversible situation such as brain death happens, treatment stop is permitted. Even a patient who is in the last stage of cancer has a right to die in the dignity and elegance. Solutions for ceasing medical treatment are as follows; First, establishment of 'Bioethics Committee'. Second, setting procedures to empower a court a right to decide whether medical treatment is ceased. Third, setting procedure a government to assist treatment fees. In this paper, direction for social agreement of legal policy regarding the ceasing treatment is provided.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.255-263
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• 1993

The demand of safety assessment for pesticide residues in foods is growing in Korea. In order to assess the actual dietary exposure toward pesticide residues, the problems in utilization of pesticide residue data were reviewed and optimization of food factors applicable to Korean population was conducted. The problems and current status in setting pesticide residue tolerance-domestic and foreign-in foods were also argued. The conclusion is summarized as follows: (1) Anticipated residue estimates(ARE) calculated from field trial residue data, the percentage of crop treated, and the effects of cooking or processing should be utilized for dietary exposure assessment in a real sense. (2) Average daily intake of total foods per person in Korea was 1,104g in 1970's and 1,240g in 1980's. Much variation was observed between the two decades by food commodities. (3) Pesticide residue tolerances in Korea have been established at relatively lower levels in comparison with FAO/WHO or western countries. More extensive studies and data accumulation as related to tolerance setting are called for in future for the sake of health protection and smooth interstate trade.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.946-958
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• 2009

Lately, Seoul metro is changing transformation facilities which have been operated in subway line 1 and 2 for a long duration of time. Although the exiting protection relays in DC feeder system have such several functions as 76I, 50, 85, and 64P, the new protective relay have a great variety of functions such as 76I, 76D, DDL-I, DDL-T(Imin), 85, and 64P, as well as record and save various events and accident wave in order to review and analyze the working causes of the protective system. However, because the new digital relays are not used properly for protective propose, there are the cases that the electric accident is deteriorated more. Therefore, in this paper, we will describe that making the use studying installation intention, direction, and setting up value of the protection relay in DC breaker operation not only prevents from making the electric accident worse but also shows the efficient operation method of direct current protection system.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.385-390
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the cases of endangered species protection campaigns of domestic and foreign enterprises and to present improvement points and direction. Therefore, this study analyzed the cases and characteristics of the campaign by setting above small and medium sized domestic and foreign companies as subjects for research. The study found that there were mainly campaigns conducted in cooperation with large environmental organizations in Korea, and as an IT powerhouse, there were examples of such campaigns. Foreign companies independently participated in environmental protection, and cases of fashion and cosmetic brand campaigns were easily found. Based on these characteristics, this study aims to present improvements and directions for animal protection campaigns in the future.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.66 no.10
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• pp.1466-1473
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• 2017

Generally, electrical torque in synchronous generator is balanced with the rotor mechanical torque under steady-state condition. Thus, the synchronous generator rotor rotates at constant speed. However, under fault condition, the electrical torque output is suddenly decreased and the sum of both torques does not remain constant. If the mechanical torque is not decreased at the same time, the generator rotor would accelerate. Therefore, this accelerating generator rotates at different speeds with respect to other generators in the power system. This phenomena is called as Out-of-Step (OOS). In this paper, we presented a certain two-step type quadrilateral OOS relay setting, which is applicable in actual field, and examined the validity of its setting value with OOS simulation conditions due to delayed fault clearing in transmission line. In order to conduct the study of OOS relay characteristics, we checked the impedance locus and generator output characteristics under the various delayed fault clearing conditions. Moreover, we proposed a countermeasure for avoiding the misoperation of OOS relay during the stable swing by modifying the setting values.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.411-417
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• 2014

Special Protection Scheme(SPS) for generator tripping action is an emergency control tool that secures the power system stability by instantly tripping the pre-determined number of generators to avoid the acceleration of the remaining generators in a large-scaled power plants when a fault occurs on the drawing transmission lines. However, since the existing operating conditions of SPS are set based on a peak demand, SPS could trip more generators than required if it is activated during the off-peak demand period. For this, this paper proposes the algorithm for setting the operating conditions of SPS through the online stability evaluation with the periodically updated operating conditions of power systems. The proposed algorithm adopts COA for the accuracy and speed of the stability evaluation, and can reduce the number of tripping generators by SPS during the off-peak demand period. This results in reducing the loss of profit caused by a fault on power systems.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.11-17
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• 2003

This paper present a method of meter-out flow control for overload protection valve in full-scale airframe test. Emergency stop, which results in dump state, can be happened during full-scale airframe test by several causes. Because servo valve can't control hydraulics actuator in the dump state, pressure in cylinder chamber may rise abruptly and overload can be acted to the test article. In this paper, the procedure and technology of orifice setting are investigated to protect the test article from unexpected loads by dump. The test results show that the presented methods decrease peak loads and improve unloading characteristics of hydraulic actuators in the dump state.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.57-77
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• 2008

The $21^{st}$ century is a new century of environmental protection. Environmental protection is one of the most important subject matters yet to come. Moreover, as the public pays more attention to environmental problems, enterprises should increase their investment in environmental management. Therefore, determining the investment level for environmental management and allocating the investment to associated environmental management activities has become a major task. The principal and agent theory and sales response functions are used for analysis in this research. The allocation of capital investment in environmental management is found to have significant impact on the aggregate sales response, aggregate profit and investment level. Therefore, in preparing the budget for environmental management, enterprises should focus on investment allocation decisions, determine the investment level and allocation method using integrated means, and apply submarket data in the allocation decision-making process. In other words, in setting the investment level, executive management should take managers' willingness into consideration. In allocating capital investment, managers should identify the optimal allocation method based on submarket characteristics.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.476-484
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• 2009

This paper deals with improvements to the special protection schemes (SPS) which have been applied to the low probability and high impact contingencies in the Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO) system since 2004. Among them, the SPS for voltage instability in the Seoul metropolitan area is considered in this paper, and is a form of event-based undervoltage load shedding with a single-step scheme. Simulation results based upon a recent event that occurred on 765kV lines show that the current setting values of the SPS have to be revised and enhanced. In addition, by applying response-based multi-step undervoltage load shedding (UVLS) schemes to severe contingencies in the system, more effective results than those of the existing single-step SPS can be obtained. Centralized and distributed UVLS schemes are considered in the simulation. ULTC-based load recovery models and over excitation limiters (OXL) for the KEPCO system are also included in the long-term voltage instability studies.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.99-109
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• 2012

Sub-station, key equipment in electric power infrastructure, are being exposed to increasing risk of hacking. For this, soft redundancy sub-station system needs to be formulated with automatic restoration mechanism. For this it is important to assess the reliability of the applicable range of data that are used in actual system operation, as well as the methods and findings of the tests. At the same time performance of soft redundancy system and total security mechanism, which are aligned for the protection of the sub-station, need to be tested. For testing the above-mentioned, this paper presented a viable formation of a soft redundancy practical VPN system within a panel to protect the latter from hacking or cracking incidences, and conducts a test to check if the considered system actually serves the protection function in the actual operation setting, gathering evidence from the data from the testing of the actual performance of the system as well as of emergency scenario simulation operations. Because tested soft-redundancy & restorative sub-station system is expected to be widely applicable for various cases such as Smart-grid or electricity IT system, where VPN with enhanced level of security is required.