• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.157-167
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose a new phantom protection method for multi-dimensional index structures. The proposed method uses a hybrid approach of predicate locking and granular locking mechanisms. The proposed mechanism is independent of the types of multi-dimensional index structures, i.e., it can be applied to all types of index structures such as tree-based, file-based and hash-based index structures. Also, it achieves low development cost and high concurrency with low lock overhead. It is shown through various experiments that the proposed method outperforms existing phantom protection methods for multi-dimensional index structures.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.365-372
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• 2007

The information of world is most likely to be created as digital data. These digital productions need some legal protection mechanisms or techniques because users can illegally use them. Thus many researchers are developing various techniques. Currently most techniques are focusing on the physical and chemical methods like disk inspection for taking legal evidence about production infringement. This paper has developed a computer forensics-based copyrights protection system capable of detecting and notifying disobedience facts when user uses illegally a production. Furthermore if the user infringes continually the production the system stores the infringement facts to take the legal evidence by mapping to law for intellectual property right. The technique can protect data from digital evidence manipulation or destruction.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.419-427
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• 2007

In wavelength-division-multiplexing(WDM) networks a link failure may cause the failure of several high-bit-rate optical channels, thereby leading to large data loss. Recently, various protection and restoration mechanisms have been proposed to efficiently deal with this problem in mesh networks. Among them, dedicated path protection(DPP) is a promising candidate because of its ultra-fast restoration time and robustness. In this work we investigate the issue of planning and optimization of WDM networks with DPP. Integer linear programming(ILP), in particular, is one of the most common exact method to solve the design optimization problem for protected WDM networks. Traditional ILP formalizations to solve this problem rely on the classical flow or route formulation approaches, but both these approaches suffer from a excessively high computational burden. In this paper, we present a variable-aggregation method that has the ability of significantly reducing the complexity of the traditional flow formulation. We compare also the computational burden of flow formulation with variable aggregation both with the classical flow and route formulations. The comparison is carried out by applying the three alternative methods to the optimization of two case-study networks.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.103-109
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• 2019

The automotive electronic system should provide a method that can be safely performed by loading a number of application programs having time constraints in several electronic control devices. In this paper, we propose a timing protection mechanism for AUTOSAR, which is a real - time operating system specification for automotive field, in order to observe the deadline of each task when scheduling real - time tasks. We propose a dynamic non-preemption algorithm to guarantee a flexible deadline for fixed priority or dynamic priority tasks, and a location where execution time can be monitored for errors, and suggest ways to implement the AUTOSAR time protection mechanism.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.7 no.2 s.13
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• pp.172-180
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• 2003

Based on simulation results and accompanying analysis, we suggest a thyristor-type ESD protection device structure suitable for implementation in standard CMOS processes to reduce the parasitic capacitances added to the input nodes, which is very important in CMOS RF ICs. We compare DC breakdown characteristics of the suggested device to those of a conventional NMOS protection device to show the benefits of using the suggested device for ESD protection. The characteristic improvements are demonstrated and the corresponding mechanisms are explained based on simulations. Structure dependencies are also examined to define the optimal structure. AC simulation results are introduced to estimate the magnitude of reduction in the added parasitic capacitance when using the suggested device for ESD protection. The analysis shows a possibility of reducing the added parasitic capacitance down to about 1/40 of that resulting with a conventional NMOS protection transistor, while maintaining robustness against ESD.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.97-112
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• 2006

Heme oxygenase(HO)-1 is an important antioxidant enzyme that plays a pivotal role in cellular adaptation and protection in response to a wide array of noxious stimuli. Thus, HO-1 induction has been associated with prevention or mitigation of pathogenesis of various diseases, including acute inflammation, atherosclerosis, degenerative diseases, and carcinogenesis. Recent progress in our understanding of the function of molecules in the cellular signaling network as key modulators of gene transcription sheds light on the molecular mechanisms underlyuing HO-1 gene expression. A panel of redox-sensitive transcription factors such as activator protein-1, nuclear factor-kB, and nuclear factor E2-related factor-2, and some of the upstream kinases have been identified as prime regulators of HO-1 gene induction. This review summarizes molecular mechanisms underlying HO-1 expression and the significance of targeted induction of HO-1 as a potential chemopreventive or chemoprotective strategy.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2002

In several species, a short period of ischemic preconditioning protects the heart by reducing the size of infarcts resulting from subsequent prolonged bouts of ischemia. The mechanism by which activation of ATP-sensitive $K^+$($K_ATP$) channels could provide the memory associated with ischemic preconditioning is still under debate. Several signal transduction pathways have been implicated in the mechanisms of protection induced by ischemic preconditioning. The exact receptor-coupled pathways involved in preconditioning remain to be identified. Likely extracellular agonists are those whose circulating levels increase under conditions that activate $K_ATP$ channels; these conditions include ischemia and ischemic preconditioning. Potential physiological agonists include the following: (1) nitric oxide; (2) catecholamine; (3) adenosine; (4) acetylcholine; (5) bradykinin and (6) prostacycline. The purpose of this review was to understand the mechanism by which biological signal transduction mechanism acts as a link in one or more known receptor-mediated pathways to increase $K_ATP$ channel activity during ischemic preconditioning.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.177-186
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• 2013

We briefly review the problem of statistical disclosure control under differential privacy model, which entails a formal and ad omnia privacy guarantee separating the utility of the database and the risk due to individual participation. It has born fruitful results over the past ten years, both in theoretical connections to other fields and in practical applications to real-life datasets. Promises of differential privacy help to relieve concerns of privacy loss, which hinder the release of community-valuable data. This paper covers main ideas behind differential privacy, its interactive versus non-interactive settings, perturbation mechanisms, and typical applications found in recent research.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.74-95
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• 1998

Both telecommunications standardization activities and an intellectual property rights (IPRs) system are regarded as effective mechanisms for improving social benefits. Because of inherent conflicts that exist between the two, however, serious problems are generated in the international arena where the competition for technology development and markets is becoming increasingly fierce. In this paper, ways of harmonizing the relationship between the two are explored and explained. For this purpose, telecommunications standardization and IPRs protection mechanisms are described, and their positive and negative effects as well as their inter-relationship are also analyzed. In addition, IPR case studies related to international standardization are explained and analyzed. The Current status and problems of IPRs policy of major international standardization organizations are analyzed as well. Finally, based on the results of the analyses, viable policy recommendations and research strategies for more comprehensive study of the above problems are proposed.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.52-55
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• 2003

The present experiment was perf'3rmed to investigate the protective effects of ginseng total saponin (GTS) and possible mechanisms on the hepatocytotoxicity induced by tert-butylhydroperoxide (t-BuOOH), 4-Bromo-calciumu ionophore A23187 (Br-A23187) and KCN. Hepatocytes were isolated by collagenase perfusion of livers from fasted male Sprague Dawley rats and cultured overnight. After various treatments in Krebs-Ringer-HEPES buffer at pH 7.4, cell viability was determined by propidium iodide using fluorocytometry. GTS (5-20 ${\mu}$M) inhibited cell killing induced by t-BuOOH, and KCN, dose-dependently. However, GTS did not inhibit Br-A23187-induced cell killing. These findings support that GTS could protect the hepatocytoxicity induced by some toxic chemicals. The mechanisms of these protective effects by GTS seem to be associated with antioxidant activity and increase of cellular ATP.