• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.386-392
• /
• 1991

Propene으로부터 propylene oxide를 생산하기 위하여, methane 자화성 세균인 Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b를 이용하였다. 이 균주는 methane을 methanol로 전환시키는 methane monooxygenase를 가지고 있는데, 이 효소는 또한 propene을 propylene oxide로 전환시킬 수 있다. 이 균주의 휴지세포를 이용하여 propene으로부터 propylene oxide 생산의 최적조건을 검토하였다. 최적 pH는 7.0이었으며, 최적온도는 $35^{\circ}C$이었다. 최종산물인 propylene oxide는 propylene oxide의 생산반응을 저해하지 않았으며, 더 이상 대사되지도 않았다. Methane 대사중간물질들(methanol, formaldehyde, formic acid)의 첨가는 propylene oxide의 생산을 $3{\sim}4$배 증가시켰으며, 특히 methanol 첨가의 경우에 가장 좋은 효과를 보였다. 상기의 최적조건하에서, 1시간 반응시 propylene oxide의 최대 생산량은 14.2 mM이었으며, 이 때 공급한 propene으로부터 propylene oxide로의 전환율은 약 8.0%이었다.

• Macromolecular Research
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.343-347
• /
• 2007

Novel composite membranes, which delivered high separation performance for propylene/propane mixtures, were developed by coating inert poly(ethylene-co-propylene) rubber (EPR) onto a porous polyester substrate, followed by the physical distribution of $AgBF_4$. Scanning electron microscopy-wavelength dispersive spectrometer (SEM-WDS) revealed that silver salts were uniformly distributed in the EPR layer. The physical dispersion of the silver salts in the inert polymer matrix, without specific interaction, was characterized by FT-IR and FT-Raman spectroscopy. The high separation performance was presumed to stem from the in-situ dissolution of crystalline silver ionic aggregates into free silver ions, which acted as an active propylene carrier within a propylene environment, leading to facilitated propylene transport through the membranes. The membranes were functional at all silver loading levels, exhibiting an unusually low threshold carrier concentration (less than 0.06 of silver weight fraction). The separation properties of these membranes, i.e. the mixed gas selectivity of propylene/propane ${\sim}55$ and mixed gas permeance ${\sim}7$ GPU, were stable for several days.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.47-52
• /
• 1981

The purpose of this study is to determine the antibacterial effect of Dilute Formocresol and Eugenol and Propylene glycol. The experimental drugs are Formocresol in Propylene glycol (5, 10, 20%) and Eugenol in Propylene glycol (50, 75, 100%) and Propylene glycol. The organisms selected for study were Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis which are found in infected root canals and are highly resistant to antiseptics. Isolated bacteria were inoculated on blood agar plate and the plates were incubated at $37^{\circ}C$ for 18 hours and the zones of inhibition then measured. The results were as follows ; 1. The antibacterial action of Formocresol was effective even at 5-10 percent and the action increased when higher concentration was used. 2. The antibacterial action of Eugenol was not effective and the action decreased when higher concentration was used. 3. Propylene glycol itself possessed some antibacterial properties and showed that the antibacterial action of Propylene glycol might be almost the same as that of Eugenol. 4. Among the experimental organisms, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to be the most resistant to all the experimental drugs.

• 한국포장학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.75-80
• /
• 2013

녹두, 고구마, 물밤 전분에 propylene oxide를 0~18% 첨가하여 하이드록시프로필화 전분을 제조하여 하드캡슐 제조시 젤라틴 대체제로서의 가능성을 검토하였다. RVA 시험결과 propylene oxide 첨가량이 증가할수록 호화온도와 setback은 감소했고 최고 점도와 breakdown은 증가하였다. 팽윤력은 녹두의 경우 propylene oxide 양이 12% 이상 첨가되었을 때 급격히 증가하였고 고구마와 물밤은 9% 첨가했을때부터 증가하기 시작하였다. 투명도는 녹두가 다른 전분보다 가장 높았으며 propylene oxide 첨가량에 유의적으로 증가했고 고구마와 물밤의 경우 하이드록시프로필화 전분이 일반 전분보다는 증가했으나 propylene oxide의 양에 따른 경향성은 보이지 않았다. 붕해도 시험에서는 물밤의 경우 propylene oxide 6% 이상 첨가하였을 때 완전히 용해되었고 녹두와 고구마는 12% 이상 첨가되었을 때 완전히 용해되었다. 본 실험에서는 하이드록시프로필화 전분이 젤라틴 또는 동물성단백질을 기본으로 제조된 하드캡슐의 대체제로써 의약 산업에서 활용될 수 있는 가능성을 보여주었다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 하이드록시프로필화 전분 필름의 물성, 온도와 pH에 따른 붕해도 실험등이 추가 연구된다면 전분 하드캡슐로 상용화도 가능할 것이라 생각된다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• 제35권2호
• /
• pp.107-110
• /
• 2005

To develop a clotrimazole-loaded solid suppository with poloxamer and propylene glycol, the melting points of various formulations composed of poloxamer 188 (P 188) and propylene glycol were investigated. The dissolution study of clotrimazole delivered by the suppository composed of P 188 and propylene glycol was performed. The mixtures composed of P 188 and propylene glycol were homogeneous. Propylene glycol affected the melting points of poloxamer mixtures. In particular, the mixture [P 188/propylene glycol (70/30%)] with the melting point of about $32^{\circ}C$ was a solid form at room temperature and instantly melted at physiological temperature. Furthermore, propylene glycol affected greatly the dissolution rates of clotrimazole from the suppository. Dissolution mechanism analysis showed the dissolution of clotrimazole was proportional to the time. Our results indicated that the solid suppository with P 188 and propylene glycol would be a candidate of rectal dosage form for clotrimazole.

• 멤브레인
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.67-79
• /
• 2019

고순도 프로필렌(프로펜)은 옥탄가를 높이는 화합물이며 산업적으로 중요한 화합물들의 원료가 된다. 프로판 혼합물로부터 프로펜을 정제하는 것은 비슷한 끓는점으로 인해 기술적으로 어려우며, 큰 비용이 요구된다. ZIF-8 분리막은 분자체 메커니즘에 의해 효율적으로 프로판으로부터 프로필렌을 분리할 수 있는 가능성 때문에 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. ZIF-8 분리막에 대한 관심이 커지는 것은 소위 "gate opening" 효과 때문이다. 프로필렌/프로판 혼합물로부터 프로필렌 분리를 높이기 위해 "gate opening" 효과는 분리막 기공을 확장시켜 더 크고 무거운 프로판은 피드 흐름에 유지시키며, 프로필렌만 선택적으로 투과할 수 있도록 한다. 본 논문에서는 ZIF-8 분리막 제조에 널리 적용되는 방법들과 분리막을 통한 프로필렌 투과도 및 선택도에 영향을 주는 인자들에 대해 살펴보고자 한다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.519-526
• /
• 1997

Propylene oxide와 반응시켜 치환도가 0-0.2645되는 하이드록시프로필화 감자 전분을 제조하여 이화학적 성질들을 측정하였다. 전분의 하이드록시프로필기 함량은 propylene oxide의 농도에 비례하였다. 하이드록시프로필화 감자 전분의 물결합력은 치환도가 증가할수록 증가하였고 pH는 치환도가 증가할수록 감소하였다. 청가와 요오드 흡착 강도는 치환도가 증가할수록 감소하였다. 시차주사열량계에 의한 호화양상에서는 하이드록시프로필화에 의해 전분의 호화온도가 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다. 하이드록시프로필화에 의해 전분의 상대 결정 화도는 낮아졌고, 전분 입자가 파괴되었음이 X-선 회절도와 주사전자현미경으로 각각 관찰되었다. 이것은 고농도의 하이드록시프로필화가 전분의 무정형 부분뿐만 아니라 결정성 영역에까지 영향을 주었음을 의미하였다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.281-287
• /
• 1994

The effects of oleic acid, propylene glycol and 5% (w/w) oleic acid in propylene glycol on the electrical properties of hairless mouse skin were studied and the results were compared. The complex electrical impedance was measured as a function of frequency, and resistance and capacitance were determined from the Nyquist plot. Immediately after the treatment with oleic acid, resistance was 145% of the pretreatment value. However it decreased with time and, after 20 hours, it was about 25% of its pretreatment value. Capacitance increased; immediately after the treatment, it was about 125% of pretreatment value and it seemed to increase slowly with time. When the skin was treated with propylene glycol, resistance decreased about 5O% and capacitance increased about 65%. Similar results were observed when the skin was treated with 5% (w/w) oleic acid in propylene glycol, except that the magnitude of resistance drop was much larger. Oleic acid acted synergistically with propylene glycol. Together with the flux data in the literature, the results obtained in this work indicate that electrical resistance is closely related to the permeability of drug molecules through the skin. The results are discussed in terms of the mechanism of action of these penetration enhancers. Overall, this work provided further mechanistic insight into the role of SC lipids in skin resistance and capacitance.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제53권4호
• /
• pp.463-467
• /
• 2015

We investigated catalytic activity of ion-exchange resins in acetalization of 1,2-propylene glycol with acetaldehyde. The impacts of reaction variables, such as temperature, reaction time, catalyst loading and feedstock composition, on the conversion of 1,2-propylene glycol were measured. The life of the catalyst was also studied. Furthermore, the reaction kinetics of 1,2-propylene glycol acetalization was studied. It was found that reaction rate followed the first-order kinetics to acetaldehyde and 1,2-propylene glycol, respectively. Therefore, overall acetalization reaction should follow the second-order reaction kinetics, expressed as. Key words: 1,2-propylene Glycol, 2,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane, Ion-exchange Resin, Polyhydroxy Compounds, Acetalization $r=kC^{nA}_AC^{nB}_B=19.74e^{\frac{-6650}{T}}C^1_AC^1_B$.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.123-130
• /
• 2002

[Ga]-MFI and H-ZSM-5 catalysts were synthesized under atmospheric pressure and used in the propylene aromatization. The effect of temperature on the product distribution was also investigated. The catalytic activities of the prepared catalysts were compared with the commercialized H-ZSM-5 which was converted from $NH_{4}$-ZSM-5. In the propylene aromatization, product distribution does not depend on the ratio of Si/$Ga_{2}$ with [Ga]-MFI catalyst, but depend on the ratio of Si/$Al_{2}$ with H-ZSM-5 catalyst [Ga]-MFI catalyst shows better dehydrogenation and alkylation activities than H-ZSM-5 catalyst The addition of Ga to H-ZSM-5 catalyst increases the conversion of propylene, selectivity to aromatics, and alkylation. In the propylene aromatization, the selectivity to aromatics slightly increased with increasing temperature with [Ga]-MFI catalyst, while slightly decreased with increasing temperature with H-ZSM-5 catalyst.