• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2022

본 논문에서는 자동표정인식을 위하여 얼굴 이미지 배열의 가운데 이미지를 예측하는 새롭고 간단한 자기주도학습 방법을 제안한다. 자동표정인식은 딥러닝 모델을 통해 높은 성능을 달성할 수 있으나 일반적으로 큰 비용과 시간이 투자된 대용량의 데이터 세트가 필요하고, 데이터 세트의 크기와 알고리즘의 성능이 비례한다. 제안하는 방법은 추가적인 데이터 세트 구축 없이 기존의 데이터 세트를 활용하여 자기주도학습을 통해 얼굴의 잠재적인 심층표현방법을 학습하고 학습된 파라미터를 전이시켜 자동표정인식의 성능을 향상한다. 제안한 방법은 CK+와 AFEW 8.0 두가지 데이터 세트에 대하여 높은 성능 향상을 보여주었고, 간단한 방법으로 큰 효과를 얻을 수 있음을 보여주었다.

• 대한종양외과학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2018

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between MUC expression and clinicopathologic factors in advanced gastric cancer. Methods: A total of 237 tumor specimens were assessed for MUC expression by immunohistochemistry. The clinicopathologic factors were investigated with MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC, and MUC6. Results: MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC, and MUC6 expression was identified in 148 of 237 (62.4%), 141 of 237 (59.5%), 186 of 237 (78.5%), and 146 of 237 (61.6%) specimens, respectively. MUC1 expression was correlated with age, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status, lymphatic invasion, Lauren classification and histology. Further multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between MUC1expression and lymphatic invasion, diffuse type of Lauren classification. MUC5AC expression was correlated with HER2 status, Lauren classification and histology. Further multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between MUC5AC expression and HER2 status, diffuse and mixed type of Lauren classification. MUC2 and MUC6 expression were not correlated with clinicopathologic factors. The patients of MUC1 expression had poorer survival than those without MUC1 expression, but MUC2, MUC5AC or MUC6 were not related to survival. In an additional multivariate analysis that used the Cox proportional hazards model, MUC1 expression was not significantly correlated with patient survival independent of age, N-stage, and venous invasion. Conclusion: When each of these four MUCs expression is evaluated, in light of clinicopathologic factors, MUC1 expression may be considered as a prognostic factor in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Therefore, careful follow-up may be necessary because the prognosis is poor when MUC1 expression is present.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.421-440
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 비 개념이 역사적으로 어떤 의미를 가지고 있으며, 비에 대한 생각이 어떻게 변화되어 왔는지 살펴본다. 또한 비에 대한 여러 가지 수학적 의미를 찾아보고, 비 개념의 본질이 어떠해야 하는지를 알아본다. 그리고 비례적 추론의 직관적 근원과 발달 과정을 찾아보고 비 개념의 심리적 측면을 분석해 봄으로써 비 개념 지도와 관련하여 교육적 시사점을 탐구한다.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.503-511
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 연령진급률 혹은 학년진급률을 추정하기 위한 방법으로 비례법을 사용한 이동평균법에 의한 알고리즘을 제시하는데 있다. 학년진급률에 따른 학생 수 추계방법으로, 이동평균법과 비례이동평균법에 의한 추정방법을 제시하고, 2027년까지의 서울시의 고3학생 수를 추정하여, 한국교육개발원의 2005년, 2006년, 2007년의 로지스틱함수 추정에 의한 고3학생 수 예측결과와 비교 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과 출생아수의 분포와 비교하여 볼 때, 본 연구에서 제시된 비례이동평균법과 이동평균법의 예측결과가 한국교육개발원의 2005년, 2006년, 2007년의 고3학생 수의 예측결과보다 더 신뢰성이 있는 것으로 나타난다.

• 한국통계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국통계학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.17-23
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• 2005

In this paper we consider the well-known semiparametric proportional hazards models for survival analysis. These models are usually used with few covariates and many observations (subjects). But, for a typical setting of gene expression data from DNA microarray, we need to consider the case where the number of covariates p exceeds the number of samples n. For a given vector of response values which are times to event (death or censored times) and p gene expressions(covariates), we address the issue of how to reduce the dimension by selecting the significant genes. This approach enables us to estimate the survival curve when n ${\ll}$p. In our approach, rather than fixing the number of selected genes, we will assign a prior distribution to this number. The approach creates additional flexibility by allowing the imposition of constraints, such as bounding the dimension via a prior, which in effect works as a penalty To implement our methodology, we use a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. We demonstrate the use of the methodology to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) complementary DNA (cDNA) data and Breast Carcinomas data.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.1177-1185
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• 2005

This paper investigates the noise radiated by a cascade of flat-plate airfoils interacting with homogeneous, isotropic turbulence. At frequencies above the critical frequency, all wavenumber components of turbulence excite propagating cascade modes, and cascade effects are shown to be relatively weak. In this frequency range, acoustic power was shown to be approximately proportional to the number of blades. Based on this finding at high frequencies, an approximate expression is derived for the power spectrum that is valid above the critical frequency and which is in excellent agreement with the exact expression for the broadband power spectrum. The approximate expression shows explicitly that the acoustic Power above the critical frequency is proportional to the blade number, independent of the solidity, and varies with frequency as ${\phi}_{ww}(\omega/W$), where ${\phi}_{ww}$ is the wavenumber spectrum of the turbulence velocity and W is mean-flow speed. The formulation is used to perform a parametric study on the effects on the power spectrum of the blade number stagger angle, gap-chord ratio and Mach number. The theory is also shown to provide a close fit to the measured spectrum of rotor-stator interaction when the mean square turbulence velocity and length-scale are chosen appropriately.

• 한국생물정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물정보시스템생물학회 2005년도 BIOINFO 2005
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• pp.357-360
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• 2005

In this paper we consider the well-known semiparametric proportional hazards (PH) models for survival analysis. These models are usually used with few covariates and many observations (subjects). But, for a typical setting of gene expression data from DNA microarray, we need to consider the case where the number of covariates p exceeds the number of samples n. For a given vector of response values which are times to event (death or censored times) and p gene expressions (covariates), we address the issue of how to reduce the dimension by selecting the significant genes. This approach enable us to estimate the survival curve when n < < p. In our approach, rather than fixing the number of selected genes, we will assign a prior distribution to this number. The approach creates additional flexibility by allowing the imposition of constraints, such as bounding the dimension via a prior, which in effect works as a penalty. To implement our methodology, we use a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. We demonstrate the use of the methodology to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) complementary DNA(cDNA) data.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.57.2-57.2
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• 2011

In this study, the effects of shear flows around a 2-dimensional airfoil, S809 on its aerodynamic characteristics were analyzed by CFD simulations. Various parameters including reference inflow velocity, shear rate, angle of attack, and cord length of the airfoil were examined. From the simulation results, several important characteristics were found. Shear rate in a flow makes some changes in the lift coefficient depending on its sign and magnitude but angle of attack does not have a distinguishable influence. Cord length and reference inflow also cause proportional and inversely proportional changes in lift coefficient, respectively. We adopted an analytic expression for the lift coefficient from the thin airfoil theory and proposed a modified form applicable to the traditional load analysis procedure based on the blade element momentum theory. Some preliminary results applied to an well known load simulation software, FAST, are presented.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.330-344
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• 1996

A model of a cable comprising interacting wires with dry friction forces at the interfaces is subjected to a quasi-static cyclic loading. The first cycle of this process, comprising of axial loading, unloading and reloading is investigated analytically. Explicit load-elongation relationships are obtained for all of the above phases of the cycle. An expression for the hysteretic losses is also obtained in an explicit form. It is shown that losses are proportional to the third power of the amplitude of the oscillating axial force, and are in inverse proportion to the interwire friction forces. The results obtained are used to introduce a model of a cable as a solid rod with an equivalent stiffness and damping properties of the rod material. It is shown that the stiffness of the equivalent rod is weakly nonlinear, whereas the viscous damping coefficient is proportional to the amplitude of the oscillation. Some numerical results illustrating the effect of cable parameters on the losses are given.

• 한국철학논집
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• 제35호
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• pp.385-413
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• 2012

본고는 상수역학(象數易學)과 수학(數學)의 관계에 관한 논문이다. 역학(易學)은 "주역"의 팔괘(八卦)의 상, 음양오행설(陰陽五行說), 자연과학적 지식을 바탕으로 형성된 경학(經學)의 한 학과이다. 한초(漢初)에서 청말(淸末)까지 역학의 발전과 전개에서 상수는 주요한 개념이자 이론으로 자리해왔다. 그리고 이러한 상수역학의 전개에는 수학적 표현체계가 잠재해 있었다. 본고는 진법(進法)과 잉여수(剩餘數), 배수(倍數)와 수열(數列), 구궁도(九宮圖)와 원주솔(圓周率), 비례식(比例式)의 수학적 지식이 상수역학 속에서 어떻게 표현되었는지를 고찰한다. 이들은 역대 역학가들이 "주역"의 연원문제, 괘 효사 해석문제, 우주론의 문제를 논하면서 이용했던 수학적 표현체계들이다. 상수역학은 수학뿐만 아니라 기타 자연과학 즉 천문학, 의학 등과 조응하면서 그 내용을 풍부히 했고, 그 사상을 다양화했다. 상수역학은 이렇게 자연과학의 발전궤적과 함께 자신의 사상과 표현체계를 달리해왔다. 본고는 상수역학이 자연과학과의 조응 속에서 전개 발전 되었다는 전제 속에서 역학의 수학적 표현체계를 개괄한다. 그리고 개괄한 사실들로부터 상수역학이 자연과학과의 조응 속에서 전개 발전한다는 전제를 논증한다.