• KSBB Journal
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.475-481
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• 1995

금속결합 단백질인 metallothionein (MT) 유전자 의 발현이 효모의 중금속 내성과 제거 특성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다 MT유전자로 형질전환된 재조합 효모는 숙주세포에 비해서 $Cu^{2+}$내성이 3배 이상 증가하였으나, $Cr^{2+}, Pb^{2+}, Znr^{2+}$에 대한 내성은 숙주세포와 별차이가 없었다. 재조합효모는 8mM $CuSP_4$를 함유하며 포도당을 탄소원으로 한 배지에서 18.9mg $Cu^{2+}$/g dry cell로 $Cu^{2+}$를 제거하였다. $Cu^{2+} 와 Zn^{2+}$의 훈합배지에서 $Cu^{2+}$가 존재함으로써 $Zn^{2+}$이 효모에 미치는 독성을 완하시켜 효모의 생육 속도와 최종균체농도를 증가시켰다. 재조합효모의 $Cu^{2+}$ 제거량은 배지중 $Cu^{2+}$농도에 비례하였다. $Cu^{2+}$ 농도가 2배, 3배 증가할 때 균체 g당 $Cu^{2+}$제거량은 각각 2.3배, 3.1배 증가하였다. 그러나 $Cu^{2+}$제거효 율은 $Cu^{2+}$농도와 무관하게 거의 얼정한 값인 57% 를 보였다. $Zn^{2+}$제거량은 $Zn^{2+}$농도에 비례하나 증가율은 $Cu^{2+}$간에 비하여 매우 낮았다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제65권4호
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• pp.558-571
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• 2022

Objective : The primary objective of this study was to identify predicting factors for local control (LC) of atypical meningioma, and we validated them with comparing the predicting factors for recurrence-free survival (RFS). We also examined the rate of LC after surgical resection with or without adjuvant treatment and RFS. Methods : Clinical and radiological records of patients with atypical meningiomas diagnosed at two institutes from January 2000 to December 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. Histopathological features were also reviewed using formalin-fixed paraffin embedded samples from pathological archives. Results : Of the 99 atypical meningiomas eligible for analysis, 36 (36.4%) recurred during the follow-up period (mean, 83.3 months; range, 12-232 months). The rate of 3-year LC and 5-year LC was 80.8% and 74.7%, respectively. The mean time-to-recurrence was 49.4 months (range, 12-150). The mean RFS was 149.3 months (95% confidence interval, 128.8-169.8 months) during the mean follow-up duration of 83.3 months (range, 12-232 months). Multivariate analysis using Cox proportional-hazard regression model showed that the extent of resection (hazard ratio [HR], 4.761; p=0.013), Ki67 index (HR, 8.541; p=0.004), mitotic index (HR, 3.275; p=0.044), and tumor size (HR, 3.228; p=0.041) were independently associated with LC. These factors were also statistically associated with RFS. In terms of radiotherapy after surgical resection, the recurrence was not prevented by immediate radiotherapy because of the strong effect of proliferative index on recurrence. Conclusion : The present study suggests that the extent of resection, proliferative index (according to Ki67 expression) and mitotic index, and tumor size are associated with recurrence of atypical meningiomas. However, our results should be further validated through prospective and randomized clinical trials to overcome the inborn bias of retrospective nature of the study design.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.84-90
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• 2023

ASL estimation of public building is based on how appropriate the maximum age of the asset is derived based on the age record of the asset in the statistical data owned by public institutions. This is because we get a 'constrained' ASL by that number. And it is especially true because other studies have assumed that the building is an Iowa curve R3. Also, in this study, the survival rate is 1% as the threshold value at which the survival curve and the predictable life curve almost coincide. Rather than a theoretical basis, in the national statistical survey, the value of residual assets was recognized from the net value of 10% of the acquisition value when the average service life has elapsed, and 1% when doubling the average service life has elapsed. It is based on the setting mentioned above. The biggest constraint in fitting statistical data to the Iowa curve is that the maximum ASL is selected at R3 150%, and the 'constrained' ASL is calculated by the proportional expression on the assumption that the Iowa curve is followed. In like manner constraints were considered. First, the R3 disposal curve for the RCC(reinforced cement concrete) building was prepared according to the discarding method in the 2000 work, and it was jointly worked on with the National Statistical Office to secure the maximum amount of vintage data, but the lacking of sample size must be acknowledged. Even after that, the National Statistical Office and the Bank of Korea have been working on estimating the Iowa curve for each asset class in the I-O table. Another limitation is that the asset classification uses the broad classification of buildings as a subcategory. Second, if there were such assets with a lifespan of 115 years that were acquired in 1905 and disposed of in 2020, these discarded data would be omitted from this ASL calculation. Third, it is difficult to estimate the correct Iowa curve based on the stub-curve even if there is disposal data because Korea has a relatively shorter construction history, accumulated economic wealth since the 1980's. In other words, "constrained" ASL is an under-estimation of its ASL. Considering the fact that Korea was an economically developing country in the past and during rapid economic development, environmental factors such as asset accumulation and economic ability should be considered. Korea has a short period of accumulation of economic wealth, and the history of 'proper' architectures faithful to building regulations and principles is short and as a result, buildings 'not built properly' and 'proper' architectures are mixed. In this study, ASL of RCC public building was estimated at 70 years.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.215-222
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• 2015

본 연구는 무의 개화가 지연되는 형질을 갖는 'NH-JS1'과 조기개화 형질을 가진 'NH-JS2'계통을 대상으로 춘화처리에 의한 무의 개화 특성을 조사하였으며, 이러한 특성을 유발하는 개화관련 유전자의 발현 수준을 분석하였다. NH-JS1 과 NH-JS2 두 계통 모두 춘화처리가 없는 조건에서는($23{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, 12시간 광조건/12시간 암조건) 90일 동안 생육하였을 때는 개화하지 않았으며, NH-JS1계통의 경우, 개화 유도를 위해서는 최소 25일의 춘화처리가 필요하며, NH-JS2계통은 15일의 춘화처리에 의해 개화가 유도되는 특성을 보여 주었다. 또한, NH-JS1계통은 로제트 잎이 9장 이상일 때, NH-JS2계통은 7장 이상일 때 추대가 형성됨을 확인 할 수 있었다. 춘화처리에 의한 개화관련 유전자들의 유전자발현을 분석한 결과, 개화억제 유전자인 FLC와 FRI의 발현은 개화가 지연되는 계통인 NH-JS1에서 높은 반면, 개화를 촉진하는 유전자인 SOC1, LHY 그리고 CO의 발현은 조기개화 계통인 NH-JS2에서 높게 나타났다. 춘화처리에 의해 FLC의 발현억제를 유지하는 VRN1과 VRN2도 NH-JS1 계통에서 2배 이상 높게 발현됨을 확인하였다. 본 연구결과는 춘화처리 시 무의 개화관련 유전자들의 발현과 개화특성이 관련되어 있음을 시사하며, 이를 바탕으로 육종분야에서 무의 개화시기가 조절된 품종을 개발하는데 도움이 될 것으로 예상된다.