• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.16
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• pp.159-190
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• 1989

Under the colony of Japanese Empire, libraries of Hyanggyo's(a Confucian temple and a old-time School belonging to it) property a n.0, ppeared 45 libraries. Effects of these libraries are as follows: 1. Libraries of Hyanggyo's property impeded Korean people's enlightenment works in the aspect of a save the Nation movement spread all over the country by taking in Confucian scholars and those who work for the good of the locality. 2. It having prepared a point to civilize Koreans for Japanizing as far as rural and fishing community through libraries of Hyanggyo's property. 3. Though many libraries of Hyanggyo's property were closed, a quite libraries became the predecessor of Korea modern library which linked with public libraries.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.645-667
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• 2019

It has been little known when an Artinian point quotient has the strong Lefschetz property. In this paper, we find the Artinian point star configuration quotient having the strong Lefschetz property. We prove that if ${\mathbb{X}}$ is a star configuration in ${\mathbb{P}}^2$ of type s defined by forms (a-quadratic forms and (s - a)-linear forms) and ${\mathbb{Y}}$ is a star configuration in ${\mathbb{P}}^2$ of type t defined by forms (b-quadratic forms and (t - b)-linear forms) for $b=deg({\mathbb{X}})$ or $deg({\mathbb{X}})-1$, then the Artinian ring $R/(I{\mathbb_{X}}+I{\mathbb_{Y}})$ has the strong Lefschetz property. We also show that if ${\mathbb{X}}$ is a set of (n+ 1)-general points in ${\mathbb{P}}^n$, then the Artinian quotient A of a coordinate ring of ${\mathbb{X}}$ has the strong Lefschetz property.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.156-179
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• 2020

The Preservation Decree (1933) is the basic law relevant to the conservation of cultural property of colonial Chosun, and invoked clauses from the Old History Preservation Act (1897), the Historic Scenic Sites Natural Monument Preservation Act (1919), and the National Treasure Preservation Act (1929), which were all forms of Japanese Modern Cultural Heritage Law, and actually used the corresponding legal text of those laws. Thus, the fact that the Preservation Decree transplanted or imitated the Japanese Modern Cultural Heritage Law in the composition of the constitution can be proved to some extent. The main features and characteristics of the Preservation Decree are summarized below. First, in terms of preservation of cultural property, the Preservation Decree strengthened and expanded preservation beyond the existing conservation rules. In the conservation rules, the categories of cultural properties were limited to historic sites and relics, while the Preservation Decree classifies cultural properties into four categories: treasures, historic sites, scenic spots, and natural monuments. In addition, the Preservation Decree is considered to have advanced cultural property preservation law by establishing the standard for conserving cultural property, expanding the scope of cultural property, introducing explicit provisions on the restriction of ownership and the designation system for cultural property, and defining the basis for supporting the natural treasury. Second, the Preservation Decree admittedly had limitations as a colonial cultural property law. Article 1 of the Preservation Decree sets the standard of "Historic Enhancement or Example of Art" as a criteria for designating treasures. With the perspective of Japanese imperialism, this acted as a criterion for catering to cultural assets based on the governor's assimilation policy, revealing its limitations as a standard for preserving cultural assets. In addition, the Japanese imperialists asserted that the cultural property law served to reduce cultural property robbery, but the robbery and exporting of cultural assets by such means as grave robbery, trafficking, and exportation to Japan did not cease even after the Preservation Decree came into effect. This is because governors and officials who had to obey and protect the law become parties to looting and extraction of property, or the plunder and release of cultural property by the Japanese continued with their acknowledgement,. This indicates that cultural property legislation at that time did not function properly, as the governor allowed or condoned such exporting and plundering. In this way, the cultural property laws of the Japanese colonial period constituted discriminative colonial legislation which was selected and applied from the perspective of the Japanese government-general in the designation and preservation of cultural property, and the cultural property policy of Japan focused on the use of cultural assets as a means of realizing their assimilation policy. Therefore, this suggests that the cultural property legislation during the Japanese colonial period was used as a mechanism to solidify the cultural colonial rules of Chosun and to realize the assimilation policy of the Japanese government-general.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.47-68
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• 2004

The problems on application for custody in CIETAC Arbitration Rule are examined in this paper. First, The issue of jurisdiction for application for custody is arisen from the expansion of material jurisdiction of CIETAC. Until 1998, CIETAC had a jurisdiction only for the cases involving foreigners, but now, it has a jurisdiction not only for the cases involving foreigners but also for domestic cases. In the cases of arbitrating disputes involving foreigners, if the parties concerned apply for the preservation of property, CITEAC shall forward the application to and obtain a ruling from an intermediate people's court in the place where the object of the application resides, or where the property is located. But in the cases of arbitrating domestic disputes, if the parties concerned apply for the preservation of property, CITEAC shall forward the application to and obtain a ruling from an ground-level people's court in the place where the object of the application resides, or where the property is located. Therefore, "People's court" in article 23 of CIETAC Arbitration Rule includes both intermediate people's court and ground-level people's court in its meaning. Second, in the cases that the party concerned submits arbitration to CIETAC, it is not permitted for the party to ask the people's court for custody of property before submitting an arbitration. But there still can be the urgent cases that interests of the party concerned are at stake, and legitimate rights and interests of the party concerned may be damaged beyond remedy, if no application for custody of property is filed immediately. In that cases, even if the party may apply for custody of property with the people's court after submitting an arbitration, it might be too late to preserve property. Therefore, Chinese laws and rules have to be revised so that the party may ask the people's court for custody of property before submitting an arbitration. When revising laws and rules, according to the today's legislation trends, it must be considered that court and arbitration tribunal both have a right to decide the custody of property. When arbitration tribunal decides it, the procedural provisions executing it must be provided. It is also required that China permit to apply preservation of evidence as well as custody of property before submitting an arbitration. It is also strongly recommended that China permit custody of property or preservation of evidence even in the cases that an arbitration is submitted to the arbitration institute which is located in foreign country, not in China.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.267-278
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• 2009

As a survey-type article, the paper reviews the recent results on a (generalized) universal covering space in digital covering theory. The recent paper [19] established the generalized universal (2, k)-covering property which improves the universal (2, k)-covering property of [3]. In algebraic topology it is well-known that a simply connected and locally path connected covering space is a universal covering space. Unlike this property, in digital covering theory we can propose that a generalized universal covering space has its intrinsic feature. This property can be useful in classifying digital covering spaces and in studying a shortest k-path problem in data structure.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.4 no.1 s.4
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• pp.53-58
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• 1995

In order to establish the procedures for investigating environmental influences to wooden cultural property, existing study data were surveyed and necessary steps for performing the investigation works were presented to be applied for the future works in this country. Environmental factors which influence to the conservation of wooden cultural property should first be studied for items concerned with their damage situations. On basis of these data, laboratory works to yield the standard value for each factor should be conducted by means of testing samples exposed under laboratory simulated environmental conditions. Outdoor measurements may be followed for samples exposed to the open air at the site of that property. These data may be compared with those of laboratory standard value and overall evaluation for the factor influencing mostly tn the damage status of that property may further be conducted. Referring data obtained in this investigation, necessary measures to be taken for conserving that property may be able to be established.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.39-56
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• 2011

In 7th grade textbooks, the distributive property is generalized as in algebraic forms, and it seems that the students have not so good grip on this property. To get a good stock of knowledge on that generalized property, full understanding of it in concrete context should take precedence. This study would aim to propose some educational implications for better understanding of that property, through analysing the contents of it comparatively in Korean and Japanese elementary textbooks.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.19-22
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• 2016

This study was conducted to improve sensory quality of Jokbal (Korean Pettitoes) made from frozen pig feet by addition of herbal mixture (glasswort, raspberry and Sansa powders). After adding herbal mixture, lipid oxidation (2-thiobarbituric acid values, TBARS), sensory property, and textural property were determined. Herbs were individually added into cooking soup at concentration of 6% (low concentration treatment, LCT) or 12% (high concentration treatment, HCT) of raw pig feet. Refrigerated pig feet were used as control. Thawed feet without any herbal mixture were used as freezing treatment (FT). TBARS in LCT or HCT were lower than that in FT, and showed the similar to that in Control. Addition of the herbal mixture was effective in improving the flavor and textural property of thawed feet by inhibiting lipid oxidation and protein denaturation in a dose-dependent manner.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.45
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• pp.3-31
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• 2010

The passing of property in goods affects contractual rights and duties. It is the point on which depend issues as diverse as the seller's entitlement to sue for the price and the incidence of risk of loss of casualty to the goods. The passing of property may also have an incidental effect on the remedies of the parties, including specific performance. But Incoterms do not deal with how the goods should reach the agreed point of delivery. While Incoterms specifically deal with questions of division of risk of loss of or damage to the goods between seller and buyer, they do not deal with property or transfer of title of the goods. Indeed, it was not even possible to agree on uniform rules on these questions in the CISG. Therefore, the parties to a contract of sale should provide for these matters themselves in the contract of sale and closely observe what the applicable law requires for the transfer of ownership to the goods and other property rights.

• Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.839-853
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• 2022

We define the notions of ergodic shadowing property, $\underline{d}$-shadowing property and eventual shadowing property in terms of the topology of the phase space. Secondly we define these notions in terms of the compatible uniformity of the phase space. When the phase space is a compact Hausdorff space, we establish the equivalence of the corresponding definitions of the topological approach and the uniformity approach. In case the phase space is a compact metric space, the notions of ergodic shadowing property, $\underline{d}$-shadowing property and eventual shadowing property defined in terms of topology and uniformity are equivalent to their respective standard definitions.