• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.337-352
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• 2023

This study develops a t-shirt design that align bones and balance muscles in order to maintain proper posture using the basic concepts of symmetry. First, theoretical and 3D design studies, existing literature on proper and improper posture, and the basic concepts of symmetry are studied to create the design. Next, the 3D design process applies bilateral, rotational, and scaling symmetries to design the inner lines from the basic application of symmetry. A two-stage design process is used, whereby the strain map and pressure points are analyzed using the CLO virtual clothing software, and the most effective design is determined through virtual testing. The results show that the Y+)( and X+― design, which combines the position and type of inner lines, is the most effective for posture correction and maintenance. Overall, this study helps create a theoretical and practical basis for exploring and understanding basic lines appropriate for the human body, and subsequently, for developing various products that maintain posture more accurately and precisely.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.81-87
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• 2002

High speed naval ships are configured with open shafts The shafts, bearings, and propellers are supported by shaft struts. Proper design of struts involves issues of structural, vibration, and hydrodynamic analysis and design. Strut arm cavitation in high speed occurs because of a misalignment of the strut arm with the local incident flow. Proper selection of the strut section can minimize the generation of cavitation. This paper describes issues in the design struts and notices based on the design of Patrol Craft and Amphibious Ship.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.414-420
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• 2010

This paper presents a validation of the accuracy of a reduced order model(ROM) and the efficiency of the design optimization using a Proper Orthogonal Decomposition(POD) to transonic wing/fuselage system. Three dimensional Euler equations are solved to extrude snapshot data of the full order aerodynamic analysis, and then a set of POD basis vectors reproducing the behavior of flow around the wing/fuselage system is calculated from these snapshots. In this study, reduced order model constructed through this procedure is applied to several validation cases, and then it is confirmed that the ROM has the capability of the prediction of flow field in the space of interest. Additionally, after the design optimization of the wing/fuselage system with the ROM is performed, results of the ROM are compared with results of the design optimization using response surface model(RSM). From these, it can be confirmed that the design optimization with the ROM is more efficient than RSM.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.59-74
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• 2022

This study introduces a general reliability-based, performance-based design framework to design frames regarding their uncertainties and user-defined design goals. The Iterative-R method extracted from the main framework can designate a proper R (i.e., response modification factor) satisfying the design goal regarding target reliability index and pre-defined probability of collapse. The proposed methodology is based on FEMA P-695 and can be used for all systems that FEMA P-695 applies. To exemplify the method, multiple three-dimensional, four-story steel special moment-resisting frames are considered. Closed-form relationships are fitted between frames' responses and the modeling parameters. Those fits are used to construct limit state functions to apply reliability analysis methods for design safety assessment and the selection of proper R. The frameworks' unique feature is to consider arbitrarily defined probability density functions of frames' modeling parameters with an insignificant analysis burden. This characteristic enables the alteration in those parameters' distributions to meet the design goal. Furthermore, with sensitivity analysis, the most impactful parameters are identifiable for possible improvements to meet the design goal. In the studied examples, it is revealed that a proper R for frames with different levels of uncertainties could be significantly different from suggested values in design codes, alarming the importance of considering the stochastic behavior of elements' nonlinear behavior.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.89 no.2
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• pp.171-179
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• 2024

The market of the floating solar photovoltaic system is rapidly growing around the world with the rise of renewable energy that can replace fossil energy. While the floating solar photovoltaic system is operating and being installed in several countries, the system is exposed to the risk in terms of structural safety due to the absence of the proper design guideline. In this paper, design loads suitable for the floating solar photovoltaic system are presented. Utilizing the existing reliable design standards such as ASCE 7-16 (ASCE 7-16 2016) and DNV-RP-C205 (DNV-RP-C205 2010), the appropriate design loads for the floating solar photovoltaic system are presented. The proper load combinations are also presented by putting wave load based on DNV standards (DNV-OS-C101 2015 and DNV-OS-C201 2015) into the load combinations in ASCE standards (ASCE 7-16 2016). We present the load combinations for the allowable stress design and load and resistance factor design, respectively.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

PURPOSES : In this study, design elements of rest areas for drowsy drivers are classified and appropriate criteria for each design element are presented. METHODS : By comparing and analyzing the design criteria for rest areas, the most appropriate installation criteria were suggested by considering the driving patterns of rest area users. RESULTS : As a result of the study, elements influencing the design of rest areas for drowsy drivers are suggested such as installation location and installation type. In addition, proper separation distance between resting areas was suggested considering vehicle flow, users' fatigue and physiological needs. Other criteria for rest areas were also suggested. CONCLUSIONS : Proper safety facilities were not installed in rest areas because appropriate criteria were not established. In this study, design elements were derived and installation criteria were designed so that rest areas could be used safely and conveniently.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.129-140
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• 2017

This paper presents a systematic approach for design of timely and proper layouts of a manufacturing system facilitating reconfigurability, referred to as a reconfigurable manufacturing system. A proper methodology for design of a system layout is required for reconfiguration planning - adding or removing machines for supplying the exact capacity needed to fulfill market demands, as well as minimizing the cost of adding new machines. In this paper, theory of constraints is used to make reconfiguration manufacturing systems more cost-effective and efficiency. The proposed approach is validated by using a real industrial case. This paper suggests that the proposed study should be performed concurrently with the design of a new manufacturing system.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 1990.10a
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• pp.73-78
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• 1990

In current practice of earthquake resistant design the equivalent lateral force procedure is widely used for its simplicity and convenience. But the equivalent lateral force procedure is derived based on the assumption that the dynamic behavior of the structure is governed primarily by the fundamental vibration mode. Therefore proper prediction of dynamic responses of the structure is unreliable using the equivalent lateral force procedure when the effect of higher vibration modes on the dynamic behavior is negligible. In this study design seismic load which can reflect the effect of higher vibration modes is proposed from the point of view of proper assessment of story shears which have the major influence on the design moment of beams and columns. To evaluate the effect of higher modes, differences between the story force based on the equivalent lateral force procedure specified in current earthquake resistance building code and the one based on modal analysis using design spectrum are examined. From these results improved design seismic load for the equivalent lateral force procedure which can reflect the effect of higher vibration modes is proposed.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.400-406
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• 2000

Computer simulation for the predictions of casting defects is very important to produce high quality castings with less cost. Complicate shaped Al solenoid housing part was selected to be cold chamber die cast and a numerical simulation technique was applied for the optimization of the chill vent position and gating. A first design led to insufficient central flow. This flow left the last filled areas falling into the inner portion of the part. And last filled area did not fit the chill vent position. So these resulted in a high possibility of air entrapment in the casting and the design was not proper for the part. The design was improved by using a proper gating system, a more chill vent and proper overflow positions. New design provided a homogenous mold filling pattern and the last filled areas that being located at the overflow and chill vent. Casting plan which produce good quality solenoid housing part was established by using the computer simulation.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.15-29
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• 2014

Setting the ease amount takes the important part to the fit that consumers satisfies. Therefore, it is required to create a pattern for off-the-rack jackets that considers the proper amount of ease. However, few studies have been done previously regarding the ease amount of jacket pattern for the women in their 20s whose demand for jacket is high and who are sensitive to the fit. Therefore, this study selected top five brands in terms of sales and preference among the national female apparel brands. It obtained a tailored jacket pattern for basic size (55 size) and made the jacket. Then, an expert panel group put the pattern on Hani body, a torso dummy for education made by the anthropometric data of Size Korea for females in their 20s and conducted an evaluation on the ease amount and analyzed the results. As a result, the ease amount of the Pattern A was evaluated as proper and that of the Pattern B was found to be lease proper. From the fact, we can see that each of the top 5 off-the-rack brands has different ease amount, though they are of the same basic size (55 size).