• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.51 no.10
• /
• pp.929-939
• /
• 2018

In North Korea, hydropower which occupies about 63% of power generation is a major electric power source, and North Korea has many advantages in the geographical for developing hydroelectric power. In this study, Information on the basin and dam capacity for 33 potential development site of hydroelectric dam was analyzed using DEM, and potential annual power generation was estimated by applying results of long-term runoff simulation with MWSWAT model for recent 30-year. The potential annual power generation at 33 dam was estimated to be about 28% of the current hydroelectric power in North Korea. In addition, a priority of dam development in each province was assessed by estimating the scale of an industry and prospecting the population change in the future. And a priority for dam development within the province was estimated based on the dam capacity and the potential annual power generation. The priority of each province was ranked in order of Pyeongannamdo, Hamgyungnamdo, Hamgyungbukdo, Hwanghaebukdo, Pyeonganbukdo, Jagangdo, Ryanggangdo, Hwanghaenamdo, and Gangwondo. The results of this study can be used as an initial review data for advancing to hydropower development project in North Korea.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
• /
• v.48 no.2
• /
• pp.143-171
• /
• 2017

Along with the well-established evidence on the negative effect of social isolation on physical mental health and mortality, increasing attention has been paid to multi-dimensional nature of social isolation. In this study, the main effect and interaction effect of objective and subjective social isolation on heterogeneous age cohort related to the onset of dementia, which is becoming a social problem due to rapid aging of health issues, was examined through binary logistic regression analysis. Data came from the first wave of Korean Social Life, Health and Aging Project (KSHAP) (N= 814). Findings showed 1) in the young-old, objective isolation was a significant on the incidence of dementia, 2) in the old-old, subjective isolation increased the risk of dementia. In summary, the relative influence of objective and subjective social isolation related to the incidence of dementia varies depending on the young-old and old-old. On the other hand, the interaction effect of objective and subjective social isolation on dementia was not significant in both the young-old and old-old. Based on the findings, we discussed implications and suggestions for future research and relevant policy and program development(dementia-friendly communities) for ameliorating objective and subjective social isolation.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
• /
• v.29 no.5
• /
• pp.281-291
• /
• 2019

In Overseas case, most tunnels in under are or through the river are constructed with shield TBM and the manufacturer orders of related equipment suitable for the project are mode. Accordingly, the client provides the specifications required for the equipment manufacture. In addition, TBM equipment has been operated by those who have completed the expert training program, which for minimizing the risk of equipment operation in construction field corresponding to the mechanized construction. However, in Korea, such a system related to above the program and specifications has not yet been built, which is causing a lot of difficulties in construction field. Therefore, this study investigated the differences in bidding guides provided by mechanized construction in domestic and abroad, and the professional education programs for expert training being conducted from overseas. Futhermore, we will propose the guidelines of essential equipment specification contained in domestic bidding and provide the necessary manual for the professional education program for TBM as the mechanized construction method.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.52 no.9
• /
• pp.647-655
• /
• 2019

Although problems such as river management and flood control have occurred continuously in the Imjin and Bukhan river basin, which are shared by South and North Korea, efforts to manage the basin have not been carried out consistently due to limited cooperation. As the magnitude and frequency of hydrologic phenomena are changing due to global climate change, it is necessary to prepare countermeasures for the rainfall variation in the shared river basin area. Therefore, this study was aimed to project future changes in extreme precipitation in South-North Korea shared river basin by applying 13 Global Climate Models (GCM). Results showed that the probability rainfall compared to the reference period (1981-2005) of the shared river basin increased in the future periods of 2011-2040, 2041-2070 and 2071-2100 under the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP)4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. In addition, the rainfall frequency over the 20-year return period was increased in all periods except for the future periods of 2041-2070 and 2071-2100 under the RCP4.5 scenario. The extreme precipitation in the shared river basin has increased both in magnitude and frequency, and it is expected that the region will have a significant impact from climate change.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
• /
• no.52
• /
• pp.119-170
• /
• 2017

This study aims to analyze the environment for the open-source records system and to identify the risk and requirements for the success of the strategy in Korea. For this, Chapter 2 presented a review of the strategic benefits of open source to public organizations, developers, and users. It also discussed the process of cooperatively developing and releasing the source code and the technology infrastructure supporting open source. In Chapter 3, six representative open-source projects in the field of records management were selected, and case studies were conducted. To derive comprehensive implications, we have divided the main development body of open-source projects into international organizations, international cooperation systems, national archives, and software development companies. We also analyzed the background and purpose of each project, the agents of development and funding, the governance model, the development period and cost, the business model and software architecture, the community composition, and the licensing strategy. Through this, we have derived four critical success factors. In terms of technology, a component-based design was required; therefore, we proposed a microservice architecture and a model-view-controller design pattern. Next, it was necessary to reestablish system requirements of records center and archives. Moreover, we also proposed a dual licensing strategy to allow developers to easily participate in open-source projects. Lastly, we emphasized a strong governance structure and an effective cooperation framework to create a sustainable community. For a record system to be open-source successfully in an organization-centered market, the roles of software developers and end users should be exercised more in the community. To achieve this, it is important to build various collaborative tools and development infrastructure from a planning stage to a centralized one.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
• /
• v.35 no.7
• /
• pp.109-117
• /
• 2019

Recently, child safety map making education has attracted attention as a way to reduce crimes against children. In Korea, the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family organized a child safety map making education program in 2011. The program's manual was revised in 2013 and the Ministry implemented it as a project to promote the rights of women and children. Child safety map making education aims to raise a child's understanding of their neighborhood, to have voluntary control and normal consciousness as a local inhabitant, to be aware of wrong behavior and crime, and to be part of creating a safe urban environment. However, when compared to educational programs in other major developed countries, the child safety map making education program in Korea currently does not improve a child's awareness of their surroundings. In this workshop study, we proposed and ran a new program to improve children's awareness of their environment based on the active participation of children in the existing safety map educational program. The workshop was held for 4 weeks for 48 students from 5th and 6th grade at Osan Daeho Elementary School. We analyzed this new program's effects with the following results. First, an analysis of the effects of the program on children's recognition of safe and dangerous spaces revealed that their understanding of these spaces increased by 30.4% after the workshop. The safety-related factor in the mind map key concept increased from 0.94 to 4.94, indicating that the children's perception of neighborhood risk and safety factors improved. Second, the analysis of the effects of the program on the children's coping ability in dangerous situations showed that their understanding of how to deal with dangerous situations increased by 11.3%. The children's understanding of facilities they could ask for help, such as police boxes and child safety guard houses, improved by 17.9%. Third, analysis of the effects of child safety map making education on children's understanding of their neighborhood, their perception of responsibility in the neighborhood, and their neighborhood attachment showed that these levels of children's understanding of the neighborhood improved by 6.0% after the workshop.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.73-84
• /
• 2021

Recently, interest in environmental issues is increasing worldwide due to abnormal climate phenomena caused by global warming. Global efforts are continuing to actively respond to climate change, but the dependence on fossil fuels is still high. In particular, a huge amount of fossil fuels and mineral resources are buried in the Arctic Circle, so development and construction projects are being actively pursued. Participation and cooperation in the development of Arctic resources (oil and gas resources) is one of the alternatives to domestic energy supply. Resource development in the Arctic Circle requires close review(Poor development environment and technical limitations due to extreme climate, environmental problems due to resource development, social impact, etc.) in advance compared to general resource development. In this pater, the laws and guidelines related to climate change to be considered were reviewed. when developing Arctic resources. In addition, the countermeasures against climate change applied in large-scale resource development projects in the Arctic were reviewed. It is expected that the results of the research and analysis of this study will be used to establish strategies to respond to new risk factors that influence the successful promotion and operation of the Arctic region resource development project.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
• /
• v.27 no.spc
• /
• pp.99-112
• /
• 2022

From early 2000, many researchers in the groundwater and soil environment remediation project tried to calculate the pollution level and pollution remediation cost and reflect it in the design. In addition, by identifying the movement characteristics of oil pollutants in the underground environment, many researchers tried to derive design factors necessary for pollution purification. However, although the test should be conducted in an area contaminated with oil, the toxicity and risk are too great for testing by deliberately leaking pollutants that are harmful to the human body. And as oil-contaminated areas are promoted by military units such as returned US military bases, there is a limit to access by the general public. In addition, since the indoor simulation test and the field application test have been carried out separately from each other, it was difficult to compare and review various simulation tests Therefore, in this study, PITT (Partitioning Interwell Tracer Test) and analysis methods were specifically presented through actual tests so that field workers could easily use them with the help of the military base and the Korea Rural Community Corporation Soil Environment Restoration Team. However, in order to directly reflect the distribution tracer test results in the pollution remediation design, it is necessary to reduce the analysis errors by comparing the analysis results of the existing soil pollution survey, physical exploration, and numerical modeling. In addition, it is judged to be cautious in the analysis because errors can easily occur due to various factors such as the type of oil at the polluted site, the hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer, and the skill of the researcher.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.27 no.7
• /
• pp.145-152
• /
• 2022

Stroke results in balance disorders, these directly affect autonomy and gait ability. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on balance and gait. We included all randomized controlled trials assessing the efficacy of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on balance and gait control in patients after stroke. This study was conducted according to the PRISMA guideline. Cochrane library, CINAHL, and PubMed were searched for studies published up to November 2021, and all randomized controlled trails(RCT) assessing PNF therapy were included. This analysis included only RCT. A total of 18 studies were selected from 1091 records obtained from the databases. The meta-analysis was performed using the R project for statistical computing version 4.0.2. The overall intervention effect was middle (standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.56) Additionally, berg balance scale (SMD: 0.48), functional reach test (SMD: 0.51), timed up and go test (SMD: 0.78), 10m walking test (SMD: 0.52), and dynamic gait index (SMD: 0.33) had medium effect sizes. The average Pedro scale was 6.63 out of 18, with a low risk of bias. These findings indicate that PNF is an effective therapy for improving balance gait in stroke patients.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.163-173
• /
• 2020

For the successful execution of an ODA project, it is necessary to know what areas are weak and necessary to the country of demand exactly. The health sector is also a top priority in most of developing countries. This study was carried out to introduce non-communicable disease (NCD) in Fiji for ODA projects planning. The major causes of death in Fiji in 2016 are diabetes, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, lower respiratory infect, asthma in ranking. The major causes of death in Korea in same year are cancer, ischemic heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, pneumonia, suicide, diabetes in the order of ranking. The chronic disease as non-communicable disease (NCD) has been increasing continuously due to changes in lifestyle and consumption patterns and population aging in prevalence rate. This global trend is also apparent in Fiji and Korea, reflected in increasing mortality and personal costs for the treatment and management of NCD. The need for a sustained comprehensive treatment tailored for individual patients has suggested from many studies and the development of a systematic program to manage NCD patients to provide such care have been recommended. The Fiji government developed Non-communicable Diseases Strategic Plan 2015-2019 and has tried to reduce the prevalence rate of non-communicable diseases by factors. The WHO global action plan guiding national-level NCD policies requires an NCD prevention and control model at the community level, presenting strategic goals and detailed options for the introduction and application of the approach to communities. It is necessary to develop an NCD prevention and control model, consisting of a strategy of community intervention, education for students and NCD patients, and the legal enactment of NCD that adequately meets the needs of community members.