• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.17-22
• /
• 2024

Software cost and schedule estimation is usually based on the estimated size of the software. Advanced estimation techniques also make use of the diverse factors viz, nature of the project, staff skills available, time constraints, performance constraints, technology required and so on. Usually, estimation is based on an estimation model prepared with the help of experienced project managers. Estimation of software cost is predominantly a crucial activity as it incurs huge economic and strategic investment. However accurate estimation still remains a challenge as the algorithmic models used for Software Project planning and Estimation doesn't address the true dynamic nature of Software Development. This paper presents an efficient approach using the contemporary Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO) augmented with the desirable feature of fuzzy logic to address the uncertainty and flexibility associated with the cost drivers (Effort Multiplier Factor). The approach has been validated and interpreted by project experts and shows convincing results as compared to simple algorithmic models.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.747-753
• /
• 2009

Planning the construction for a system of bored piles in building foundation engineering is (1) to predict the time duration required to complete all the bored piles with due consideration of relevant engineering factors and site constraints; then (2) to predict the total project time generally by aggregating the predicted working duration for construction of each bored pile. The duration for construction of an individual bored pile results from analyzing various working sequences and different activity duration (such as predrilling, excavation, steelfixing, air-lifting, and concreting, etc.), which is informed by experiences and site records of previous projects. However, determining the project duration for constructing many bored piles on one site is much more complicated than adding up the time duration for individual piles. In practice, project schedules are often found to be unrealistic and incorrect during the construction stage. This is because construction planning is not based on a exhaustive and comprehensive evaluation of site factors, such as site layout plan, site constraints, quality control, environmental control, safety control and logical relationships between different trades. In this paper, we identify those factors based on a foundation engineering site in Hong Kong with ninety-seven bored piles and address their effects on uncertainties in activity time and project time.

• Communications of the Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Engineers
• /
• v.25 no.9
• /
• pp.97-104
• /
• 2007

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• 2008.11a
• /
• pp.252-255
• /
• 2008

The purpose of construction project management is to achieve planned quality by adequate cost and schedule of the project, thus the effective time management is a critical factor to actualize the object. But the traditional time management by using milestone has several limitations which are not sufficiently considered mutual relation and variated from the task. On this wise, applying the concept and principles of lean construction to the project will be the best way not only reduce waste and variation, but also improve the productivity and ability to overcome limitation as mentioned above. Thus the study, Last Planner System, specially focuses on constraint analysis which is used in lookahead planning system. The results of this research will provide the constraints classification that is able to improve work reliable and percent plan complete when time planning by controlling constraints of project.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.141-149
• /
• 2013

This paper presents a scheduling technique that reflects various constraints in remodeling project of inhabited condition. The remodeling project of inhabited condition is required more detailed planning and control due to claims by noise, vibration, dust, smells, limited lift capacity, and limited temporary stock area. Because of the constraints, complexity in scheduling is increased and earlier completion is required to reduce the possibility of safety and environment accidents. Especially, in case of inhabited condition, the scheduling should be linked day-time/night-time/weekend work. This paper proposes a structured scheduling technique to incorporate those constraints in remodeling of inhabited condition. This scheduling technique considers not only remodeling process but also dismantling, newly-construction, and residents movement. Process expression method using MS-Project also presented to keep connectivity with existing scheduling system.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.35-48
• /
• 2013

Weak competencies in urban local bodies (ULBs) for implementing public private partnership (PPP) projects has been recognized as a major hurdle in uptake of PPP model in India. In this context, a questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate perception of urban PPP experts and ULB representatives on three aspects related to competency development, including, critical competencies for implementing urban PPP projects, approaches for competency development in ULBs and constraints faced by ULBs in development of competencies. The five critical competencies identified are project identification, project conceptualization, transaction design, PPP process management and contract management. The approach of training programs for municipal staff and elected representatives, and capacity building oriented technical assistance for implementing urban PPP projects have been preferred by survey respondents for competency development. The frequent transfer of municipal decision makers and low motivation among municipal staff have been identified as the most significant constraints for development of competencies.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2005.10a
• /
• pp.881-885
• /
• 2005

Scheduling repetitive projects under limitations on the amounts of available resources (labor and equipment) has been an active subject because of its practical relevance. Traditionally, the limitation is specified as a deterministic (fixed) number, such as 1000 labor-hours. The limitation, however, is often exposed to uncertainty and variability, especially when the project is lengthy. This paper presents a stochastic optimization model to treat the situations where the limitations of resources are expressed as probability functions in lieu of deterministic numbers. The proposed model transfers each deterministic resource constraint into a corresponding stochastic one and then solves the problem by the use of a chance-constrained programming technique. The solution is validated by comparison with simulation results to show that it can satisfy the resource constraints with a probability beyond the desired confidence level.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
• /
• 1996.04a
• /
• pp.709-712
• /
• 1996

Generating a project network of a specific construction project is very time consuming and difficult task in the field. To effectiviely automate and support the planning process, we design a case-based project planning expert system inspired by the fact a human expert project planner uses previous cases for planning a new project. A construction project case consist of its specific characteristics and the corresponding project network (i.e. project plan). Using frame based representation. we represent the project features affecting the progress network and the entities composing the project plan such as the buildings, construction methods, WBS (work breakdown structure), activities, and resources. The project planning process runs through most similar case retrieval, case adaptation, and user requirement satisfaction. We represent the construction domain knowledge for each procedure using constraints and rules. We develop the methodology for constraint-based case adaption. Case adaptation process mainly consist of activity generation/deletion and predecence constraint satisfaction, for which we develop the dynamic constraint generation method and connect user-level requirement representation the system-level network modification knowledge. The methodology is being applied to the prototype for apartment construction project planning.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2005.10a
• /
• pp.902-907
• /
• 2005

This study was undertaken to develop a comprehensive scheduling method which applied the core concept(DBR) of TOC to PERT, and to combine Monte Carlo Simulation to revise the uncertainties of activities then to eliminate project duration uncertainty. Most of the project duration overlooks the fact that in spite of minimizing the project duration, the uncertainty of constrained resources still puts the reliability of project duration in jeopardy. For the contractor, however, the most important thing is to comply the project scheduling with the planning to reduce the uncertainty of the project activities, operational interaction and project duration. In order to demonstrate that the model can be used in construction project, the scheduling of a steel-structure project was used as a case study to verify the validity of this model.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.7-13
• /
• 2012

Objective: This paper discussed the characteristics of service design process by comparing with product design process. Background: Service design has different design outcomes, project participants, and design constraints than product design. Method: The comparison took two perspectives: one was shorter-term, design process of a service, and the other was longer-term, process of service development. Results: It was discussed that service design process is similar in overall, but has four differences. First, the role of design is required earlier and longer in the process, which means service designers need to participate from the begging of the project to service operation. Thus service designers are required to have holistic viewpoint of the project. Second, service design requires many design expertise thus collaboration needs to be well defined and managed throughout the process. Third, since service provider has limited resources, regulations, and market competition, some service features cannot be provided. Service designers are required to know both customers' needs and functional constraints. Last, service design is highly coupled with service operation. Designing and providing service happens at the same time and evolves over time. Conclusion: Consequently it was asserted that the role of designers in service design is essential for success. In specific, the role of service design architect, who manages design process and design outcomes, is a new and important role in service design project.