• 국제지역연구
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.43-60
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 비모수적 추정방법인 DEA와 맴퀴스트지수를 통해 한 중 일 3국의 연구개발투자의 효율성과 생산성 변화를 측정하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 분석기간 동안 한국과 일본의 효율성지수는 0.837과 0.834로서 OECD 평균 0.809를 상회하는 효율성을 보인 반면 중국의 경우는 0.420으로 가장 낮은 효율성을 보이고 있다. 둘째, 맴퀴스트지수에 의한 연구개발투자의 생산성 변화를 분석한 결과 일본과 중국은 각각 1.9%와 0.9%의 생산성감소를 보인 반면 한국의 경우 연평균 25%의 생산성증가를 시현하고 있다. 셋째, 생산성 변화를 기술의 변화와 효율성의 변화로 분해한 결과 분석기간 동안 연평균 1.9%의 생산성하락을 나타낸 일본의 경우는 기술진보 1.006, 기술효율성변화 0.975로서 생산성 감소는 기술효율성 하락에 의해 발생하고 있다. 한편 연평균 0.9%의 생산성하락을 보인 중국의 경우는 기술진보와 기술효율성변화가 각각 0.966과 1.026으로 나타나 기술진보보다는 기술효율성이 생산성을 견인하는 전형적인 기술추격형 개도국의 모습을 보이고 있다. 반면 한국의 경우는 효율성의 증가가 18.2% 기술진보가 5.9%로 나타나고 있어 선진국 따라잡기형 효율성증가가 생산성증가를 견인하고 기술진보가 이를 뒷받침하는 선진국형과 개도국형의 중간적인 모습을 보이고 있다.

• 정보교육학회논문지
• /
• 제23권5호
• /
• pp.481-489
• /
• 2019

방송고 학습자의 배경 변인별 학습 현황과 학습 태도에 따라 형성평가 결과가 차이가 있는지를 탐색하고자 2018년 1학기동안 방송고 사이버교육시스템을 통해 영어, 수학, 통합사회, 통합과학을 학습한 1학년 2,965명의 로그데이터를 분석하였다. 학습자의 성별, 연령, 소속 학교의 지역에 따라 학습 현황을 살펴보았으며 차시당 학습 횟수, 진도율, 학습 기간, 학습 시작 월, 차시별 형성평가 성적 등을 분석하였다. 또한 학습 성실도를 파악하기 위해 차시별 학습 빈도를 포함하여 왜도와 첨도를 구하여 성실한 학습 태도가 학업 성취에 미치는 영향을 검증하였다. 그 결과, 차시당 평균 학습 횟수, 학습 기간, 진도율, 성적 등 거의 모든 분야에서 여성이 남성보다 높게 나타났고 연령별로는 대체로 나이가 많은 수록 높게 나타났다. 지역별로는 서울 지역이 다른 지역보다 높게 나타났다. 방송고 학습자들의 평균 학습 기간은 2~3개월인 것으로 나타났고 학습 기간이 길수록 형성평가 성적도 높은 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 특정 시기에 집중하여 학습하는 학습자보다 학습 횟수가 짧더라도 꾸준히 학습하는 학습자들의 형성평가 점수가 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.195-207
• /
• 2024

우리나라는 학습결과를 상대평가 방식으로 평가함에 따라 발생하는 여러 문제를 해소하고자 교과목별 학업성취 도달 수준을 평가하는 절대평가 형태의 성취평가제를 도입하여 운영하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 현재 운영되고 있는 성취평가제에 대한 과학교사들의 인식 및 구현 방식 등을 탐색하고자 하였다. 본 연 구에는 고등학교 과학교사 20명이 면담에 참여하였으며, 성취평가제에 관한 인식, 성취평가제가 교사의 평가 인식에 미치는 영향, 성취평가제 운영으로 인해 변화되거나 개선된 점 등에 대한 본인의 의견과 생각을 자유롭게 표현하였다. 연구 결과, 대부분의 참여 교사들은 내신 석차 등급 미표기 이후 성취평가제가 기대하는 교육적 의미가 현장에 반영되고 있다고 인식하고 있었다. 교사들은 성취평가제로 인해 변별에서 벗어난 과학수업을 실현할 수 있었으며, 학생의 성취에 주목함에 따라 과학학습에 어려움을 겪고 있는 학생에 대한 관심이 증대하였다고 인식하였다. 또한, 결과 위주의 평가에서 벗어남으로써 과학과 교과역량을 중심으로 교육과정을 재구성하고 과학 교과의 본질적 목표에 집중할 수 있게 된 점을 긍정적으로 인식하고 있었다. 그뿐만 아니라 학생 활동에 대한 피드백 제공의 질적인 향상이 이루어진 점을 확인할 수 있었다. 하지만 일부 교사들은 적정 성취수준을 교사 스스로 설정하는 데 어려움을 경험하거나, 학생 활동에 대한 질적인 차이를 평정하는 과정의 난해함으로 인하여 성취평가제의 실효성에 대해 의문을 나타내기도 하였다. 또한, 내신 석차 등급이 산출되지 않은 이후, 학생들이 수업에서 보이는 의욕과 열의가 현저히 떨어지는 현 상황에서 수업의 방향성을 결정하는 데 혼란스러움을 경험하기도 하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.53-66
• /
• 1972

There is an urgent need to improve the tool predicting success or failure of academic achievement of nursing in Korea so as to identify as early as possible those students who should receive special instruction and to improve screening procedures for admission of nursing. The main purpose of this study is to identify the correlation between the grade point averages of courses learned and their psychological test characteristics in a baccalaureate nursing program. All 240 students, except freshmen, enrolled in Nursing Department of Seoul National University in the spring semester, 1972, participated in this study. All of the subjects completed the psychometric tests such as interest test, personality test and test of self-concept. Total grade point averages, grade point averages of general education subjects, of supporting science courses and of professional education subjects were used as performance criteria of the students. Through the calculation of product-moment correlation coefficients between the test scores and four grade point averages of each class and of total subjects, the following findings and recommendations were obtained. 1. There was so much variation in characteristics of interest test correlated with academic achievement of nursing students in each class. 2. Since the school objectives, curriculum and teaching strategies may affect predictive efficiency of characteristics of students'interest test, interest test must-be utilized in a homogeneous group in order to predict school achievement. 3. Characteristics of interest test positively correlated at significant level with total grade point averages of all subjects were scientific interest-biological, scientific interest-physical, and humanitarian interest. Scientific interest-physics: was the only characteristic positively correlated at significant level with total grade point averages and grade point averages of professional courses. 4. There were various patterns in characteristics of personality test correlated with school achievement of nursing students by class pattern and personality maturation as they progress toward higher classes. 5. A characteristic of personality test, responsibility, is in high positive correlation with academic achievement in the upper division of classes. 6. Responsibility was the sole personality factor positively correlated at significant level with total grade point averages and grade point averages of nursing courses in the total number of students. 7. There were very different correlation coefficients between characteristics of self-concept test and academic achievement according to the type of each class and type of courses they learned. 8. Characteristics of self-concept test positively correlated at significant level with total grade point averages and grade point averages of nursing courses of all students were physical self and row variability. Those who have positive concept on their own physical status and who are deficient in self-concept were higher in total grade point averages and grade point averages of professional courses than other students. 9. Scores of professional courses offered in freshmen and sophomore classes were in positive correlation with limited number of characteristics of psychological tests. In pursuit of a tool predicting successful academic achievement of nursing students, their G.P.A. during the junior and senior year of nursing will serve as the more reasonable criteria. 10. Junior students of this school were in higher positive correlation with many psychological factors than other classes.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.23-29
• /
• 2010

Objective: The aim of this prospective, case-controlled study was to assess the difference of the amount of tongue coating between halitosis and non-halitosis patients using a digital tongue diagnosis system (DTDS). Methods: Sixty-five patients complaining of oral malodor were recruited for the study. The level of volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) in the oral cavity of the patients was measured by a portable gas chromatography. All patients were then divided into two groups, the halitosis group ($H_2S{\geq}1.5ng$/10ml, or $CH_3SH{\geq}0.5ng$/10ml) and the non-halitosis group ($H_2S$<1.5ng/10ml and $CH_3SH$<0.5ng/10ml), according to the VSC level criteria published by Tonzetich. Tongue images of the two groups were acquired and analyzed by DTDS, followed by the analysis of the tongue coating scores. Results: The tongue coating scores of the halitosis group were significantly higher than of the non-halitosis group (P=0.033). Furthermore, the difference of the posterior tongue coating between the two groups was more significant (P=0.000). Conclusions: Halitosis patients were shown to have a thicker tongue coating than those in the non-halitosis group. Moreover, the posterior dorsum of the tongue should be observed more cautiously when dealing with halitosis patients. Also, the progress and state of the patient's symptom of halitosis as diagnosed objectively by the portable gas chromatography could also possibly be analyzed instead by the DTDS tongue coating score.

• 한국항만경제학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.53-82
• /
• 2012

본 논문에서는 아시아 항만들 간의 클러스터링 추세를 분석하기 위해서 첫째, 기존연구에서는 다루지 못한 새로운 방법인 컨텍스트의존모형과 측정특유모형에 대해서 이론적으로 설명하였으며, 둘째, 컨텍스트의존모형에 의한 항만들의 매력도와 진전도 측정방법 및 실제적용, 셋째, 아시아 38개 항만들의 10년간 자료를 4개의 투입요소(선석길이, 수심, 총면적, 크레인수), 1개의 산출요소(컨테이너화물처리량)를 이용하여 효율성의 단계별로 효율적인 항만들을 대상으로 클러스터링하는 방법을 실증적으로 보여 주고 분석하였다. 또한 매력도, 진전도, 벤치마킹쉐어의 측정방법도 보여 주었다. 실증분석의 주요한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 2009년도 자료를 이용한 매력도측정결과는 Degree 1부터 Degree 7까지의 각 Degree별 랭킹을 살펴보면, 광저우항, 두바이항, 홍콩항, 닝보항, 상하이항의 순서였다. 둘째, 2009년도 단계1에 속한 항만들의 등급별 진전도를 측정한 결과를 보면, 베이루트항, 포트술탄항, 아덴항과 같이 낮은 등급의 점수에 해당하는 항만들은 그 전 등급의 항만을 벤치마킹해야만 한다. 셋째, 효율적인 항만들의 벤치마킹 쉐어에 대한 측정결과를 보면, 두바이항(선석길이), 홍콩항(수심, 총면적, 크레인수)이 다른 비효율적인 항만들의 효율성에 미친 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 컨텍스트의존모형과 측정특유모형에 의한 클러스터링 결과는 동일하게 나타났다. 그 가장 큰 이유는 투입-산출 자료의 특성 때문이라고 판단된다. 다섯째, 10년동안의 클러스터링 추세를 분석결과는 다음과 같다. (1) 가장 효율적인 단계(1단계, 2단계)의 클러스터링은 홍콩항, 상하이항, 싱가포르항. 닝보항, 광저우항, 카오슝항으로 나타났다. (2) 효율적인 단계(2단계, 3단계)의 클러스터링은 두바이항, 크호르 파칸항, 첸나이항, 부산항, 콜롬보항, 키롱항, 탄중펠프스항으로 나타났다. (3) 중정도의 효율적인 단계(4단계, 5단계, 6단계)의 클러스터링은 사히드 라자이항, 탄중프리옥항, 하이파항, 탄중퍼락항, 토쿄항, 요코하마항, 코베항, 나고야항, 오사카항, 인천항, 카라치항, 마닐라항, 방콕항, 담만항으로 나타났다. (4) 하위의 효율적인 단계(7단계, 8단계)의 클러스터링은 포트술탄카부스항, 제다항, 아덴항으로 나타났다. (5) 효율적인 단계로 진전되어 클러스터링된 항은 닝보항, 첸나이항, 탄중펠프스항으로 나타났다. 본 논문이 갖는 정책적인 함의는 항만정책입안자들은 컨텍스트의존모형과 측정특유모형을 항만의 클러스터링에 도입하여 해당항만이 발전할 수 있는 전략을 수립하고 이행해 나가야만 한다는 점이다.

• 초등상담연구
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.263-284
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of game-centered empathy training on the prosocial behaviors of elementary schoolers in a bid to suggest how their prosocial behaviors could be boosted. The research questions were posed as below: 1. Does game-based empathy training improve the overall empathy of school children? 2. Does game-based empathy training have a better effect on the cognitive empathy of school children or their emotional empathy? 3. Does game-based empathy training enhance the prosocial behaviors of school children? The subjects in this study were 62 children in their fourth year of D elementary school in Eumseong-gun, north Chungcheong province. They were divided into an experimental group and a control group, and a survey was conducted before and after the experimental group under-went empathy training for about six weeks. The instrument used in this study was David(1980)'s Interpersonal Reactivity Index adopted by Park Sung-hee(1996) to suit school children. Another instrument was Park Sung-hee (1997)'s inventory to assess the prosocial behaviors of children. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 10.0 for Windows program, and reliability analysis and t-test were employed. The findings of the study were as follows: First, as for the effects of the game-based empathy training on the overall empathy of the elementary school youngsters that included both emotional and cognitive empathy, both groups got lower scores in posttest than in pretest. The experiment produced unexpected results, as the experimental group got significantly lower scores. This fact indicated that the game-based empathy training was ineffective. Second, the game-centered empathy training didn't exercise any influences on their cognitive and emotional empathy. The experiment had a reverse impact on the cognitive and emotional empathy of the experimental group, which implied that the training served as a factor to deteriorate the two types of empathy, and the hypothesis posed in this study was rejected. Therefore, which type of empathy could make a better progress by being exposed to the training couldn't definitely be determined. Third, the game-based empathy training didn't serve to Improve the prosocial behaviors of the elementary schoolers. There was no change in the experimental group, and this fact signified that there's something wrong with the attempt to develop school children's empathy to step up their prosocial behaviors. Based on the above-mentioned findings, the following conclusion was reached: First, the game-centered empathy training had no effects on boosting the overall empathy of the school children. Second, the game-centered empathy training couldn't be said to be effective in improving either cognitive empathy or emotional one. From a viewpoint of relativity, that could be said to affect emotional empathy more than cognitive one. Third, the game-based empathy training wasn't effective in improving prosocial behaviors. Rather, that resulted in interrupting the promotion of prosocial behaviors.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.215-226
• /
• 2015

The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide and has become a serious epidemic health problem. We developed the 'Change 10 Habits' educational program based on obesity treatment and dietary guidelines and examined its effects on customized nutrition education in mildly obese adults. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board. Study subjects were excluded if they had several major diseases, if had consumed an anti-obesity drug, or if they practiced an obesity-related program within 30 days. The subjects (n=87, $25{\leq}BMI$ <30) were each exposed to the customized nutrition education program with four lessons according to the stage of the transtheoretical model (TTM). The stage-matched program was administered for 12 weeks and was run by a clinical dietitian. Overall, subjects who were in the precontemplation/contemplation stage at baseline made progress in the preparation and action/maintenance stage after 12 weeks (P<0.05). For 'Alcohol is consumed, up to 2 drinks per day', the proportion of subjects who belonged in the action/maintenance stage increased from 34.5% to 49.4% at 12 weeks. In addition, scores of all items significantly increased after the program (P<0.05). 'Chew more than 10 times and eat slowly' score significantly increased from $3.9{\pm}2.4$ to $5.8{\pm}2.3$ (P<0.05). In conclusion, behavioral stage-matched nutrition education using the 'Change 10 Habits' program was effective in improving eating behaviors and enhancing healthy lifestyles in mildly obese adults.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권11호
• /
• pp.5823-5828
• /
• 2012

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancer affecting women worldwide. Although a great deal of progress has been made in the health sciences, early diagnosis, and increasing community awareness, breast cancer remains a life-threatening illness. In order to reduce this threat, breast cancer screening needs to be implemented in all communities where possible. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine health beliefs, attitudes and behaviors about breast cancer and breast self-examination of Turkish women. Methods: Data were collected from a sample of 656 women, using an adapted Turkish version of Champion's Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS), between January and May 2011, in Ordu province of Turkey. Results: The results showed that 67.7% of women had knowledge about and 55.8% performed BSE, however 60.6% of those who indicated they practiced BSE reported they did so at irregular intervals. CHBMS subscales scores of women according to women's age, education level, occupation, family income and education level of the women's mothers, family history of breast cancer, friend and an acquaintance with breast cancer, knowledge about breast cancer, BSE and mammography were significantly different. Conclusion: Knowledge of women about the risks and benefits of early detection of breast cancer positively affect their health beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors. Health care professionals can develop effective breast health programs and can help women to gain good health behavior and to maintain health.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.49-58
• /
• 2017

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to provide data to guide dementia health-care policy in Korea and to establish the position of Korean medical specialists in long-term care hospitals by analyzing the data of dementia inpatients. We analyzed the actual condition of dementia patients in care hospital and the effect of Western-Korean cooperative medicine on the progress of dementia. Methods : From January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016, inpatients who were diagnosed with dementia at Mungyeong municipal long-term care hospital and admitted for more than 3 months were enrolled. Their medical records and simple tests were analyzed retrospectively. Results : We examined the detailed diagnosis, including both main and sub diagnosis, and Alzheimer disease dementia, at 97%, was the most common. At the time of admission, Korean Version of the Mini-Mental State Exam (K-MMSE) analysis showed that severe dementia affected 52%, and most were rated as Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) 6. Based on the admission date, the results of a simplified test applied to the dementia patients every 6 months showed an maintain in the K-MMSE and GDS scores in 83%. Conclusion : The results of this study show that the rate of progression of dementia is somewhat lower in inpatients with moderate to severe Alzheimer's who have received Western-Korean cooperative treatment. However, due to institutional limitations, long-term inpatients such as those with dementia do not receive active traditional Korean medical treatment; hence, it is necessary to improve the national institution of traditional Korean medicine in long-term care hospitals.