• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.161-170
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• 2012

Purpose: Purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the Mindfulness Meditation program on perceived stress, ways of coping, salivary cortisol level, and psychological stress response in patients with breast cancer. Methods: This was a quasiexperimental study with a non-equivalent control group pre-post test design. Participants in this study were 50 patients who had completed breast cancer treatment (experimental group, 25, control group, 25). The experimental group received the Mindfulness Meditation program for 3 hours/session/ week for 8 weeks. Data were analyzed using $X^2$-test and t-test for subject homogeneity verification, and ANCOVA to examine the hypotheses. Results: The experimental group had significantly lower scores for perceived stress, emotional focused coping, salivary cortisol level, and psychological stress response compared to the control group. However, no significant differences were found between two groups for the scores on problem focused stress coping. Conclusion: According to the results, the Mindfulness Meditation program was useful for decreasing perceived stress, emotional focused coping, salivary cortisol level, and psychological stress response. Therefore, this program is an effective nursing intervention to decrease stress in patients with breast cancer.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.80-87
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was to determine the effects of a early exercise program on the pain, disability and balance after single-level lumbar discectomy. Methods: Forty patients were randomized into experimental(N=20) and control(N=20) groups. Three days after surgery, patients in the experimental group undertook a 4-week exercise program. Assessments were performed in all patients during the week before surgery and at 4 weeks after. The assessment included measures of back and leg pain(VAS), Oswestry disability index(ODI), stability index(SI) and weight distribution index(WDI). Results: At 4 weeks, VAS, ODI, SI, WDI were significantly reduced in both groups(p<.01). Also the experimental group was significantly reduced back and leg pain(VAS), ODI and WDI were better than the control group(p<.05). Conclusion: It seems that early exercise program is more effective in patients who undergo single-level lumbar discectomy.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.247-264
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• 1996

The objective of this study was to analyze the reality of the program development process in detail accomplished by the organizations of extension education in through the hermeneutical approach. To achieve this purpose, this study tried to find answers to the following three questions : (1) how the organization of extension education develop their programs for farmers? (2) what is the programmers' awareness to the process of program development? and what is the reason for their thought and action to do so. (3) can be discussed integrally the findings for drawing some implications? The qualitative data were mainly gathered through participation observation and unstructured interview. And the qualitative data were analyzed by (1) noting pattern and themes, (2) seeing plausibility, (3) clustering, (4) making metaphors, (5) factoring, and (6) building a logical chain of evidence which hermeneutical techniques far drawing the meaning from the gathered data. The findings of this study were as follows: The programmers of this organization carried out the developing program in the technical training division at the national level and the section of fostering farm manager at the county level for the purpose of delivering the agricultural new technology and the agricultural policy. The term used formly in this organization was `curriculum development for former', and the reality of program was `instruction profile` which signified the set of the educational manin contents. At county level, Educational planning was stressed on the implement of educational administration.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.713-722
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• 2015

As open-source software (OSS) becomes more widely used, many users breach the terms in the license agreement of OSS, or reuse a vulnerable OSS module. Therefore, a technique needs to be developed for investigating if a binary program includes an OSS module. In this paper, we propose an efficient technique to detect a particular OSS module in an executable program using its function-level features. The conventional methods are inappropriate for determining whether a module is contained in a specific program because they usually measure the similarity between whole programs. Our technique determines whether an executable program contains a certain OSS module by extracting features such as its function-level instructions, control flow graph, and the structural attributes of a function from both the program and the module, and comparing the similarity of features. In order to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed technique, we evaluate it in terms of the size of features, detection accuracy, execution overhead, and resilience to compiler optimizations.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.155-173
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• 2015

Koreatech has adopted a long-term co-op program called IPP (Industry Professional Practice) to address problems in higher education of Korea since 2012, but it was anticipated to face many difficulties in implementing the program due to lack of relevant experiences in Korea. In this regard, a performance evaluation scheme was urgently required to judge the effectiveness of the Co-op program and improve the operational efficiency at the same time. This study aimed to develop comprehensive performance evaluation criteria for the co-op programs on the basis of Kirkpatrick's four-level performance evaluation model for training programs, and apply it to a real Co-op operation to test its feasibility. For this purpose, thorough review on the training program evaluation literature and in-depth analyses of overseas cases of co-op performance evaluation were conducted. Then, a set of Co-op performance evaluation criteria was developed and applied to the Koreatech's Co-op operation in 2013. Two Co-op student questionnaire surveys were administered before and after Co-op terms to measure students' reactions to the Co-op program (Level 1) and changes in participating students' attitudes and competencies (Level 2). In addition, employment rates of Co-op participating and non-participating students were compared (Level 4). The analysis findings showed that participating students were quite satisfied with their jobs and companies, and the Co-op program was effective to a certain degree at enhancing non-major competencies and attitudes to occupation of students. Together, the employment rate of Co-op participants, particularly in small- and medium-sized companies, grew significantly in comparison with that of non-participants. In the last part, several directions for improving the effectiveness of the Co-op programs were discussed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.704-712
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an educational video program on bowel preparation for a colonoscopy. Methods: The study used a non-equivalent control group and non-synchronized design as a quasi-experimental research involving 101 participants undergoing bowel preparation for a colonoscopy (experimental group 51, control group 50 subjects) at W. university hospital, from Aug. 7 to Oct. 31, 2013. The control group received verbal education with an explanatory note while the experimental group received education using a video program. To measure knowledge of diet restrictions and compliance with ingesting bowel preparation solutions, a questionnaire, based on The Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy's Guide (2003), developed by Sam-Sook You, was used after revisions and supplementation was done. To measure bowel cleanness, the 'Aronchick Bowel Preparation Scale' was adopted. Data were analyzed using the SPSS WIN 12.0 program. Results: A higher proportion of the experimental group showed a positive change in knowledge level on diet restrictions (U=1011.50, p =.035) and ingestion of bowel preparation solutions (U=980.50, p =.019), a higher level of compliance with diet restrictions (U=638.50, p <.001), ingesting bowel preparation solutions (U=668.00, p <.001) and the level of bowel cleanness (${\chi}^2$=17.00, p <.001) than the control group. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that a video educational program for patients having a colonoscopy can improve knowledge, level of compliance with diet restrictions, ingestion of bowel preparation solutions, and bowel cleanness. Therefore video educational program should be used with this patient group.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.194-205
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• 2001

The purpose of the study was to identify the effect of structured patients education had on prevention of osteoporosis, with fracture and the resulting of life style changes in patients. In this study, a non equivalent control group pre and a post test design was employed. Data were collected through an interview process using questionnaires from April to December of 1999. The subjects, consisting of 59 patients with fractures and over 40 years of age, were diagnosed in K University Hospital. This study tested the patients knowledge at three times. The times were before the program 2 weeks into the program, and 6 months after education program. Life style change related to prevention of osteoporosis was shown twice (before and 6 months after the education program) in the experimental group, and control group went without it. The instruments used for this study were developed by literature review according to a reliability test. Data was analyzed using X2 test and t test to determine similarities between the experimental and control groups. The hypothesis was tested using repeated measures of ANOVA, t-test and Pearson correlation coefficients. The results of the study were summarized as follows: 1. The first hypothesis was accepted: a higher level of knowledge about osteoporosis was found in experimental groups who received education than to the control group during the period (F=19.82, p=.0001). 2. The second hypothesis was accepted: a higher level of life style changes about osteoporosis on experimental group were recorded than as compared to control group (t=3.55, p=.001). 3. The third hypothesis was accepted: the higher the knowledge about osteoporosis the higher the level of performance of life style changes about prevention of osteoporosis (r=.600, p=.0001). In conclusion, structured patient education in patient with fractures improved the level of knowledge about osteoporosis and more likely undergo of life style changes 6 months after the education program. Also reeducation would be needed 6 months after program ends. That is structured patient education in pamphlet form would be very effective in nursing intervention that may to result in life style changes. Therefore further research is needed to reinforce the education material and to generalize the education effect.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.115-130
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• 2022

This study aimed to understand what factors the mothers of infants consider to be important when choosing screen media programs for their children, and to investigate whether those features differ according to maternal socio-demographic characteristics (i.e., age, education level, employment status, and family income). The study participants comprised 948 mothers who were the primary caregivers and had at least one child aged 4-6. They were asked to select three of the following aspects as critical criteria for determining if a given screen media program is appropriate for infants: (a) contents suitable to the child's developmental level, (b) behaviors of characters, (c) appearance of characters, (d) visual aspects of program, (e) duration of screen media program, (f) whether the screen media program includes instructive contents, and (g) whether the program leads to opportunities for conversations among family members and activities with children. Multiple response frequency analysis and multiple response cross-analysis were used to analyze the mothers' responses. The results revealed that the majority of the mothers reported that 'contents suitable to the child's developmental level' represented the first-ranked criterion for selecting screen media programs for their child, which was followed by 'behaviors of characters,' and 'whether the screen media program includes instructive contents.' However, such criteria for screen media programs for infants differed according to maternal age, education level, employment status, and family income. These outcomes suggest that different information needs to be provided based on maternal characteristics in order to help mothers determine the quality of screen media programs for their infants.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.887-900
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• 2014

This study was conducted to provide a job analysis for, and assess the job performance of horticultural therapists, as well as examine future educational needs. To this end, a chart developed using the DACUM method was chosen as the appropriate tool for the job analysis of horticultural therapists (Study 1). Based on the chart, a survey using an evaluation form was produced to investigate the current level of job performance and future required level of horticultural therapists (Study 2). A total of 8 duties and 45 tasks were classified to examine job performance, based on analysis of the DACUM Council (Study 1). These duties include A. Decide execution organization for horticultural therapy (HT) program, B. Diagnose and assess clients before starting the HT program, C. Plan HT program, D. Develop HT program, E. Prepare to implement HT program for each session, F. Implement HT program for each session, G. Implement overall assessment for HT program, and H. Develop oneself as a horticultural therapist. Their duties were broken down further into five to eight tasks per duty, totaling 45 tasks. Based on the horticultural therapist job performance sheet developed through this process, an assessment of the current job level of horticultural therapists was performed and future required level were examined (Study 2). The evaluation forms were sent to 779 horticultural therapists with level 1 or 2 certification via email or mail delivery. The analysis of 242 questionnaires (31.1%) revealed that horticultural therapists with level 1 certificates have a significantly higher job performance level for 34 of the 45 tasks. Regarding future required level, 20 out of 45 tasks were assessed as higher for level 1 horticultural therapists than level 2. In addition, a Borich formula was utilized to identify the priority of educational needs for the 45 horticultural therapist tasks. The results revealed the following top three tasks: H1. Receive feedback from the supervisor for the horticultural therapy program; A1. Distribute promotional materials about the horticultural therapy program; and H2. Submit a grant proposal for horticultural therapy program to organizations such as welfare foundations. The results of this study are anticipated to facilitate understanding and improve work conditions for current horticultural therapists or horticultural therapists-in-training. In addition, institutions that train horticultural therapists will be able to use this as basic research to develop a practical training curriculum.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.56 no.9
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• pp.1556-1560
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• 2007

Energized power transformers in substations make unwelcome noises which propagate to nearby residential areas. As the excessive noise level become a target of public grievance than ever, utilities are seeking solutions to it. This paper introduce a power transformer noise prediction program which can give utilities effective solutions. Once a noise source is given, the program calculates the propagated noise level at certain points. The estimated result is rendered as noise contour map. To validate the accuracy of the program, the predicted noises are compared to measured one in real substations and proven to be acceptable within a margin of 5 percent.