• Health Policy and Management
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.129-147
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• 2003

This study is to grasp a trend of profitability classified by characteristics of hospitals and to analyze related factors. Subjects are 145 hospitals which have gotten the standardization audit by Korean Hospital Association during 1998-200l. Profitability was measured in the aspect of operation profit rate with operating margin to gross revenue as proxy variables. Independent variables were classified by general factors (ownership, number of beds, period of establishment, competition), financial factors (liabilities to total assets, current ratio, fixed ratio, total asset turnover, inventories turnover), and factors related to patient treatment (average length of stay, bed occupancy rate, new outpatient ratio, admission ratio of outpatients, number of patients per specialist, personnel costs per adjusted inpatient, administrative costs per adjusted inpatient). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis model was used in this study. As a result of hierarchical multiple regression analyzation of operating margin to gross revenue, adjustive $R^2$ of general factors was relatively more powerful. The factors had significant effect on operating margin to gross revenue were ownership(+), number of beds(+), competition(+), current ratio(+), fixed ratio(+), total asset turnover(+), personnel costs per adjusted inpatient(-).

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.7-17
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performances of 5 hospitals which have some different management systems and how are the differences in performance and what do they mean in aspects of architectural planning, if they exist. All of hospitals are located in M city, Jeonnam Province. Data sources are each hospital's patient-statistics and profit & loss statements. Management systems of surveyed hospitals consist in 2 inpatient-based, 1 outpatient-focused and 2 hospitals, not showing any characteristics. Time ranges for survey are 5 years from 1999 through 2003.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2014

In this study, the factors affecting the profitability of the oriental medicine hospitals of University to be analyzed. To do this, profitability indicators and current ratio, liquidity, turnover ratio, cost factors analysis and suggested ways to improve management. The results are as follows, the operating margin(1.17%). the return on assets(3.76%), the net profit to gross revenues(2.37%), and the net profit to total assets(-1.89) were lower than the average of the entire oriental medicine hospitals in Korea(respectively 8.9%, 8.7%, 2.6%, 2.5%). Current ratio(256.76%), quick ratio(231.17%), fixed ratio(121.02%), and total assets turnover(135.69%) were similar to the average of all oriental medicine hospitals in Korea. But growth rate of total assets(-2.21%), and growth rate of patient revenue(1.89%) is low. And salaries(53.39%), materials costs(16.62%), administrative expenses(28.58%) were different to the average of all oriental medicine hospitals in Korea(respectively 35.3%, 10.7%, 45.1%). Meanwhile, the cost ratio of the oriental medicine hospitals of University was 98.59%. It was 7.49% higher than the 91.1% of the average of all oriental medicine hospitals in 2011. Correlation analysis, growth rate of patient revenue and operating margin increased at the same time, and net profit to gross revenues and net profit to total assets with a growth rate of total assets increased. And administrative expenses and profitability indicators showed a negative correlation. It means, in order to improve the profitability of the oriental medicine hospitals of University should focus on reducing administrative expenses. Multiple regression analysis, growth rate of total assets, total assets turnover, administrative expenses, and salaries has affected the profitability. Therefore, in order to improve the profitability of the oriental medicine hospitals of University to increase the total capital and the total capital turnover, and to reduce administrative expenses effort.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.145-155
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• 2011

The purpose of this paper is to review the profitability of sixteen university hospitals of oriental medicine during 2007~2009. Data was collected from 16 hospitals that reveal financial statements to the public and the hospitals were classified into 7 groups. Net sales and COGS per 100 beds of the 7 groups were analyzed to measure profitability and as a percentage of net sales, the rates of personnel expenses, maintenance costs, and material costs were evaluated. The results showed that six groups had consecutively recorded net loss in medical services and differences in profitability among 7 groups were substantial. The analysis showed the profitability was significant for medium-sized hospitals. The rates of personnel expenses in net sales were above 50% in 6 groups with net loss and one group with net profit was 45%. This result indicate the rate of personnel expenses in net sales could be the main factor affecting profitability and further studies are recommended to analyze the determinants of profitability in oriental medical hospitals.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.183-202
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• 1997

Health care organizations have been faced with financial difficulties under turbulent health care environment. This situation led hospitals to concentrate their efforts to improve their managerial efficiency in various ways. This study aims to evaluate technical efficiency of 31 tertiary hospitals in Korea and find determinants which are closely related with hospital efficiency. Data envelopment analysis(DEA) and Tobit Model were adopted for study. For the analysis, human resource factors such as number of physicians, nurses, and administrative staffs are used as input variables and the number of inpatients and outpatients) are used as output variables. Among 31 hospitals, in CCR model, 8 hositals showed efficiency score 1 which means they have been operated in very efficient ways and BCC model showed 13 of 31 hospitals as efficient organizations. Next, we analyzed determinants which are closely related with hospital efficiency. By using Tobit model, the study showed hospital size, Quality of care, value added per capita, and revenue per patient were closely related with hospital efficiency, However, it appeared that financial status of hospitals(i.e : making profit or not) was not related with hospital efficiency.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.46-60
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the difference of productivity according to environmental factors among 25 Regional base public hospitals. Also this study is to propose a method to improve the productivity of Regional base public hospitals in the future by improving the public performance and stable management performance by studying the productivity variables affecting profitability. The survey period was based on the last three years, and 25 Regional base public hospitals were selected for the survey. The dependent variable is the total capital medical marginal profitability and the medical profit marginal profitability which are the indicators of profitability. The independent variable, productivity, is classified into three indicators: capital productivity, labor productivity, and value added productivity. The ANOVA analysis method was used to analyze the productivity difference according to the frequency factor and the environmental factors of the Regional base public hospitals. Finally, we conducted a hierarchical regression analysis to examine the productivity variables affecting profitability. The results of this study showed that there were differences in productivity due to environmental factors such as hospital size, competition in the local medical market, and differences in management performance. The difference in productivity and profitability depending on the environmental factors suggests that it is difficult for Regional base public hospitals in each regional base to perform a balanced public service. In order to overcome this, it is necessary to provide balanced medical services such as government financial support expansion, regional medical demand forecasting and facility infrastructure construction.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.20 no.1 s.21
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• pp.56-66
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• 1987

Information on productivity of hospital personnel is required for optimum staffing and hospital management. This study deals with the quantitative aspects of workload of medical personnel in training hospitals by their specific characteristics. Specifically this study attempted to find relevant determinants of the productivity of medical personnel using multiple stepwise regression analysis based on data obtained from 135 training hospitals. The findings of this study were as follows: 1) Daily average number of outpatients and inpatients treated by a physician were 20.4 and 10.2, respectively. 2) Daily average number of patients cared by a nurse was 8.2. Daily average number of tests performed by pathologic technician and radiologic technician were 83.2 and 21.5, respectively. 3) Productivity of medical personnel were significantly different for the three groups of factors: hospital sire (number of beds, number of medical personnel per 100 beds): institutional characteristics (medical school affiliation, training type, profit status); and environmental factors (location, number of physician and beds per 1,000 population in the region). 4) The factors a(footing the productivity varied according to the types of medical profession: the number if beds, the number of physicians per 100 beds, training type, and profit status for physicians; the number of nurses per 100 beds, the number of beds, medical school affiliation for nurses; the number of physicians per 100 beds, the number of technicians per 100 beds, and ownership for pathologic technicians; the number o( technicians, training type, and the number of physicians per 100 beds for radiologic technician.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.127-154
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• 1995

The Korean hospital industry is rapidly changing along with the competition among hospitals. Until recently it was easy for hospitals to profit even without efficient management and competitive strategies. However, the increasingly intensive competition endanger their profits but also their survivals. Hospital managers have no choice but to seriously consider competitive management and marketing strategies to remain alive and prosper. This study introduces a useful methodology--perception map drawn using multidimensional scaling--for developing competitive strategies, and illustrates its application to developing a perception map of 9 Seoul-based general hospitals. We also suggest the concepts and examples of positioning strategies and patient satisfaction management system. One of the interesting findings is that the Samsung medical center which opened less than a year ago is ranked first in most aspects such as kindness, facilities, waiting time, and parking, and the second in clinical performance just after the Seoul National University Hospital.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.42-47
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• 1997

Despite of increasing market share, oriental hospitals are now facing profit deterioration. In order to contribute to both better policy making of the Government Md corporate planning in the part of the individual hospitals this study attempted to identify the oriental hospital's financial characteristics. financial performance data for 1995, published by the Korea Institute of Health Services Management, were analysed from the structural perspective of patient composition, capital and resources input, medical revenue and costs, and financial efficiency and profitability. Some financial characteristics were drawn based on the results of the analysis. The areas that require corrective action and future study were also suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.128-137
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• 2003

The purposes of this study were to investigate the current status of contracted hospital food services and to find out the difference in accordance with the number of beds in hospitals. Thirty six hospitals having more than 100beds in Seoul, Inchon and Kyungkido were the subjects of this study. Data was collected through surveys. The survey was conducted during March and April in 2002. The Questionnaires were mailed to the 36 directors of dietetic departments of the hospitals and 36 managers of contracting patient food services. Statistical analysis was completed using SPSS Win(11.0) for descriptive analysis and t-test. The results of the study are summerized as follows; Ⅰ. Hospital perspective : The range covered by contract food service was 63.3% and 36.7% in hospital food services, and medical nutrition services. The patient and employee food services were in 83.3%, and patient food services were in 6.7%. The methods selecting contractors are general, limited, selected and competitive biddings, and private contracts. The responsibility for supervision of contract food services was the dietetic department (51.7%) in most cases. Hospitals having personnel responsible for contracting affairs were in 75.9% of the cases and 24.1% did not have personnel. The biggest reason for contracting was facilitation of personnel management. The most important criteria on selecting food services contractors was the professionality of the contractor. Ⅱ. Contractor's perspective : The cost per meal in the year 2001 was composed of 1,905 won for food cost, 1,081 won for labor cost, 222 won for expenses, 114 won for VAT, 14 won for rent and 146 won for miscellaneous or controllable expense, representing 109 won loss per meal. The profit-and-loss contract cost is higher than the fee-contract cost. The ratios of food cost, labor cost and expenses are higher and the ratios of miscellaneous or controllable expense, VAT, rent and profit are lower in hospitals with more than 400 beds compared with those less than 400 beds. However, no significant differences are present between these two groups of hospitals. The actual contract period was 2.2 years upon initial contract and 1.2 years upon renewal. The initial investment cost was 53 million won and the cost of renovation and repair was 8.5 million won. Significant differences were present between two groups of hospitals. The conditions of employment and number of personnel hired by contractors for contract patient food services were significantly different according to the number of beds.