• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.132-135
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• 2000

A process design expert system for rotationally symmetric deep drawing products has been developed The application of the expert system to non-axisymmetric components, however, has not been reported yet. Thus, in this present study, the expert system for non-axisymmetric deep drawing products with elliptical shape was constructed by using process sequence design. The system developed in this work consists of four modules. The first one is a recognition of shape module to recognize non-axisymmetric products. The second one is three dimensional (3-D) modeling module to calculate the surface area for non-axisymmetric products. The third one is a blank design module to create an oval-shaped blank with the identical surface area. The forth one is a process planning module based on the production rules that play the best important role in an expert system for manufacturing. The production rules are generated and upgraded by interviewing with field engineers.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.115-124
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• 2004

This paper presents a weighted fuzzy backward reasoning algorithm for rule-based systems based on weighted fuzzy Petri nets. The fuzzy production rules in the knowledge base of a rule-based system are modeled by weighted fuzzy Petri nets, where the truth values of the propositions appearing in the fuzzy production rules and the certainty factors of the rules are represented by fuzzy numbers. Furthermore, the weights of the propositions appearing in the rules are also represented by fuzzy numbers. The proposed weighted fuzzy backward reasoning generates the backward reasoning path from the goal node to the initial nodes and then evaluates the certainty factor of the goal node. The algorithm we proposed can allow the rule-based systems to perform weighted fuzzy backward reasoning in more flexible and human-like manner.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.36-46
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• 2007

This paper presents an automated English scoring system designed to help non-native speakers of English, Korean-speaking learners in particular. The system is developed to help the 3rd grade students in junior high school improve their English grammar skills. Without human's efforts, the system identifies grammar errors in English sentences, provides feedback on the detected errors, and scores the sentences. Detecting grammar errors in the system requires implementing a special type of rules in addition to the rules to parse grammatical sentences. Error production rules are implemented to analyze ungrammatical sentences and recognize syntactic errors. The rules are collected from the junior high school textbooks and real student test data. By firing those rules, the errors are detected followed by setting corresponding error flags, and the system continues the parsing process without a failure. As the final step of the process, the system scores the student sentences based on the errors detected. The system is evaluated with real English test data produced by the students and the answers provided by human teachers.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.9-27
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• 2003

In a wafer fabrication factory, the completion time of an order is affected by many factors related to the specifics of the order and the status of the system, so is difficult to predict precisely. The level of influence of each factor on the order completion time may also depend on the production system characteristics, such as the rules for releasing and dispatching. This paper presents a method to identify those factors that significantly impact upon the order completion time under various combinations of scheduling rules. Computer simulations and statistical analyses were used to develop effective due date assignment models for improving the due date related performances. The first step of this research was to select the releasing and dispatching rules from those that were cited so frequently in related wafer fabrication factory researches. Simulation and statistical analyses were combined to identify the critical factors for predicting order completion time under various combinations of scheduling rules. In each combination of scheduling rules, two efficient due date assignment models were established by using the regression method for accurately predicting the order due date. Two due date assignment models, called the significant factor prediction model (SFM) and the key factor prediction model (KFM), are proposed to empirically compare the due date assignment rules widely used in practice. The simulation results indicate that SFM and KFM are superior to the other due date assignment rules. The releasing rule, dispatching rule and due date assignment rule have significant impacts on the due date related performances, with larger improvements coming from due date assignment and dispatching rules than from releasing rules.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.53-63
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• 2008

This paper examined the acoustic differences in English speech production between English native speakers and Korean learners. Korean speakers seem to produce errors by over-applying the Korean phonological rules(nasalization and lateralization) to English speech under the conditions comparable to those of Korean which contain nasal+lateral or lateral+nasal sequences. Being based on this prediction, the experimental data is grouped into three sets, [n]+[l] sequence, [l]+[n]sequence, and [m]+[l] sequence. The result shows that, Korean speakers usually nasalize or lateralize the target words or phrases in every three categories while English natives don't. In set A([n]+[l] sequence), both nasalization and lateralization were found in [n]+[l] sequence, the same circumstances where both nasalization and lateralization can be placed as in Korean. In the case of set B([l]+[n] sequence), only lateralization is observed. It is because the nasalization never occurs in the sequence of l-n in Korean. There is no lateralization in set C([m]+[l] sequence), because only nasalization occurs in the sequence of m-l in Korean. This results reconfirmed that the nasalization and lateralization rules in Korean deeply influence on the English production data. Korean speakers need to be taught not to over-apply Korean phonological rule to English production for accurate pronunciation.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.47-57
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• 2010

There have been many problems to apply SPC(Statistical Process Control) which is a traditional process control technology to the process of multi-product, small-sized production because a machine in the process manufactures small numbers, but various kinds of products. Therefore, we need the new process control system that can flexibly control the process by setting up the SPEC rules and the KNOWHOW rules. The SPEC rule contains the combination of diverse conditions to specify the characteristics of various products. The KNOWHOW rule is based on engineers' know-how. The study suggests the Rule-base Process Control that can be optimized to the multi-product, small-sized production. It was validated in the process of semiconductor production.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.97-101
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• 1993

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.67-90
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• 2010

Electronic discovery refers to the discovery of electronically stored information. The differences between producing paper documents and electronic information can be categorized into seven groups: massive volume, persistence, dynamic and changeable contents, metadata, environment-dependence, dispersion and searchability. Since these differences make the discovery more expensive and less expeditious, it is necessary to limit the scope of discovery. Accordingly, a number of arbitration institutions have already introduced rules, guidelines or protocols on electronic discovery. ICDR guidelines take a minimal approach and address only the proper form of electronic document. CIArb Protocol is intended to act as a checklist for discovery of electronic data. CPR Protocol offers four modes of discovery of electronic documents ranging from minimal to extensive among which the parties may choose the way of electronic discovery. IBA Rules on Evidence and ICC Rules are silent on the issue of electronic discovery, however, working parties of the ICC are considering updates to the rules to deal with electronic discovery. It is disputed whether rules, guidelines or protocols on electronic discovery is necessary or appropriate. Although some have suggested that existing rules can make adequate provision for electronic discovery, it is more desirable to prepare new rules, guidelines or protocols to make arbitrators and counsels be familiar with electronic discovery process, to provide an adequate standard for electronic discovery and to limit the time and cost of electronic discovery. Such rules on electronic discovery should include provisions regarding the form of electronic document production, conference between parties regarding electronic discovery, keyword search, bearing the expenses to reduce disputes over electronic discovery.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.1108-1120
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• 1990

The present study is to develop an intelligent control system for flexible manufacturing system, which is suitable for a variety of manufacturing types with smaller production rates. The controller is designed to integrate heuristic rules with optimization techniques for loading as well as flow rate of parts and ultimately meeting performance indices. The control function implemented by an optimization technique is to calculate short term production rates of parts. The heuristic control determined by production rules requires knowledge base to evaluate selected loading alternatives according to short term production rate and current process information, and also to determine final decision pertaining to loading. In this case, the knowledge base is constructed using the rules for evaluating alternatives, decision criteria, and flow control of parts in manufacturing system. The database is formulated by means of managing and updating current process information. A graphic system to monitor current status of the function and operation of manufacturing system is developed, and computer simulation is carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed controller.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.22-32
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• 1998

This paper describes a research work of developing a computer-aided design of irregularly shaped-sheet metal product with bending and piercing operation for progressive working. An approach to the CAD system is based on the knowledge-based rules. Knowledge for the CAD system is formulated from plasticity theories, experimental results and the empirical knowledge of field experts. The system has been written in AutoLISP on the AutoCAD with a personal computer and is composed of five main modules, which are input and shape treatment, flat pattern-layout, production feasibility check, blank-layout, and strip-layout module. Based on knowledge-based rules, the system is designed by considering several factors, such as radius and angle of bend, material and thickness of product, complexities of blank geometry and punch profile, and availability of press. This system is capable of unfolding a formed sheet metal part to give flat pattern and automatically account for the adjustment of bend allowances to match tooling requirements by checking dimensions and the best utilization ratio of blank-layout within bending production feasibility area which is beyond ${\pm}30^{\circ}$ degrees intersecting angle between grain flow and bending edge line and which is suitable to progressive bending operation. Also the strip-layout drawing generated by a bending and a piercing operation according to punch profiles divided into automatically for external area of irregularly shaped-sheet metal product is displayed in graphic forms.